初中段的8种时态

nullnull动词时态 The Tense null一般现在时态 结构：动词原形和第三人称单数 1） 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示客观事实和真理。 The sun rises in the east . There are four seasons in a year. The earth circles around the sun .null 2）表示客观存在的习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常与everyday ,once ,twice, three times …,a week , a month ,a year ,often ,usually ,always , seldom ,sometimes 等连用。 I seldom go shopping .He writes to his parents three times a month .He has bread for breakfast everyday. He often goes to school by bike .null3) 表示主语的性格、特征、能力等。She is a kind woman .He is very tall.We can finish it in ten minutes .null4)在由when ,after, as soon as ,before ,until ,till … 等引导的时间状语从句和if ,unless…引导的条件状语从句中表 示将来的行为或动作。 I will go shopping before he arrives .He is going to Beijing if it does not rain tomorrow .They will finish it before she returns.null一般过去时态 结构：动词的过去式1）表示过去的动作和状态，常与yesterday,two(three,four,…)days (weeks,years,…)ago,last week(year,spring ….),in 1984(1979…)等时间状语及由when 等引出的状语从句连用。He went to Beijing yesterday .I didn’t attend the meeting last week. They were in the room at this moment yesterday .null2)表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作和行为。He went to school on foot when he was in his hometown.My father used to smoke but he doesn’t smoke now.一般将来时态 结构：will, be going to ,shall, be +v –ing, be about to do , be to do 1）表示将来的动作或状态。常与某些表示将来的时间状语 ，如tomorrow, next week(month ,year ….), from now on ,in a week (a month ,a year …..),in the future ,in future 等连用。He will go to Beijing tomorrow.null3)现在进行时结构表示将来。一些瞬间动词的进行时结构和一般现在时可以表示将来时态。如come ,go ,start, begin, leave ,turn, sail 等，用一般现在时表示将来时，句中也会有一般将来时。2）表示将来经常发生的动作或存在的状态。He will be in America if he win the scholarship.I’m going to meet him at six. I’m meeting him at six.The bus is coming .null4）“be to +动词原形”表示“即将、就要”。He is to be back by 11 o’clock.5)“be about to do…when …正准备…这时…常用于过去将来时里。I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang .过去将来时态 结构：常用was \were going to ,was \were about to ,would +动词原形。 表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或要有的状态。常用于主句的谓语动词为过去时态的宾语从句中。He said he was going to Beijng the next week. He was about to go out when his friend came .null现在进行时 结构：be (am , is ,are )+ v-ing 表示现在或现阶段正进行着的动作。I’m reading .He is studying in America .过去进行时 结构：be (was , were +v-ing )表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正进行的动作。I was watching TV at this time yesterday.They were having supper at 6 o’clock in the afternoon the day before yesterday.null现在完成时 结构：have,has+done(动词过去分词） 1）表示过去发生的某一动作对现在产生的影响和结果。常有时间状语already,yet,not…yet ,now ,by now,since +过去的时间、动作或状态 等。They have already finished reading the text .He has seen the film. 2)表示动作发生在过去，且一直延续到现在，甚至还可能延续下去。常与since 引导的从句或短语，或for (有时省去）+时间积累数连用。I have lived in the small village since last year. 3)表示到现在为止已经完成的动作He has learned 5000 words .14nullmusic过去完成时态 结构：had + done(动词过去分词） 表示“从过去某一时刻开始到过去另一时刻完成”的动作或状态。常与by(the end of …),up, till, before ,for, after,since等时间状语连用。He had learned English for two years before he came here .They had been in America till he began his study in China .过完进nullExercises :1,He ____ a student .He is 12 years old .A .is B .are C.am D. were 2,Mr Black ____Shanghai in a few days. Do you know when the earliest plane ____on Sundays ?A.is leaving ,takes off B. leaves, takes off C.is leaving ,is taking off D. leaves, is taking off null3,I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida .I ____my mum. A.am taking B. have taken C.take D. will have taken 4,Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ____so rapidly. A.is changing B. has changed C. Will have changed D. will change null5,He usually ____ a bus to work instead of going buy taxi .A. takes B. carries C. gets D. sits 6,We’ll start as soon as our team leader _____.A.comes B.will come C.come D.is coming null7,----When _____again ? -----When he ____,I’ll let you know. A.he comes ,comes B.will he come ,will come C.he comes ,will come D. will he come ,comes 8,It ____when they left the station. A.has rained B.is raining C.rains D.was raining null9,------What were you doing when your classmate phoned you ? ------I had just finished my work and _____to take a bath. A.starting B. to start C. have started D. was starting 10,Hello !I ___you___in London.How long have you been here?don’t know, were B. hadn’t known, are C.Haven’t known,are D. didn’t know ,were null11,---Alice, you feed the bird today,____? ---But I fed it yesterday. A. do you B. will you C. didn’t you D. don’t you 12,---Hey,look where you are going ! ---Oh, I’m terribly sorry. ____I’m not noticing B. I wasn’t noticing C. I haven’t noticed D. I don’t notice null13,The price ____,but I doubt whether it will remain so. A. went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down 14,----Alice ,why didn’t you come yesterday? -----I ____,but I had an unexpected visitor.A.had B. would C. was going to D. did 15,If I ____you I would not sing such songs. A.was B. were C. am D. will be null 16,---Nancy is not coming tonight . ---But she ____!A.promises B. promised C.will promise D. had promised null17,Shirly ____a book about China last year, but I don’t know whether she has finished it .A.has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing 18,You didn’t let me drive .If we _____in turn, you _____so tired. A.drove; didn’t get B.drove ;wouldn’t get C.were driving ;wouldn’t get D. had driven ;wouldn’t have got null19,They asked me to have a drink with them, I said that it was at least ten years since I ____good drink .A.had enjoyed B. was enjoying C.enjoyed D. had been enjoying 20, When I was at college, I ____three foreign languages, but I _____all except a few words of each.A.spoke ; had forgotten B. spoke ; have forgotten C.had spoken;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten null21,A library with five thousand books ___to the nation as a gift. A.is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered null22,----We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time . -----What do you suppose ___to her .A.was happening B. to happen C.has happened D. having happened 23,----Have you moved into the new house ? ----Not yet. The rooms _____.A.are being painted B. are painting C.are painted D. are being painting null24,Tom ___into the house when no one___.slipped, was looking B. had slipped , looked C. Slipped , had looked D. was slipping , looked 25, In some parts of the world , tea ____with milk and sugar. A.is serving B.is served C.serves D. served 26,We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ___office soon .A.leaves B. would leave C.left D. had left null27,I need one more stamp before my collection ____.A.has completed B. completed C. Has been completed D. is completed null