国际地层表2012（最新版）

P ha ne ro zo ic C en oz oi c Q ua te rn ar y Holocene Pleistocene Pliocene Miocene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene N eo ge ne P al eo ge ne Upper Lower C re ta ce ou s M es oz oi c Tr ia ss ic C ar bo ni fe ro us M es oz oi c P er m ia n Ju ra ss ic Upper Lower Middle Upper Lower Middle Lopingian Guadalupian Cisuralian Upper Lower Upper Middle Middle Lower M is si ss ip pi an P en ns yl va ni an P al eo zo ic Middle Upper Calabrian Gelasian Piacenzian Zanclean Messinian Tortonian Serravallian Langhian Burdigalian Aquitanian Chattian Rupelian Priabonian Bartonian Lutetian Ypresian Thanetian Selandian Danian Maastrichtian Campanian Santonian Coniacian Turonian Cenomanian Albian Aptian Barremian Hauterivian Valanginian Berriasian Tithonian Kimmeridgian Oxfordian Callovian Bathonian Bajocian Aalenian Toarcian Pliensbachian Sinemurian Hettangian Rhaetian Norian Carnian Ladinian Anisian Olenekian Induan Changhsingian Wuchiapingian Capitanian Wordian Roadian Kungurian Artinskian Sakmarian Gzhelian Famennian Frasnian Givetian Eifelian Emsian Pragian Lochkovian Ludfordian Gorstian Homerian Sheinwoodian Telychian Aeronian Rhuddanian Hirnantian Katian Sandbian Darriwilian Dapingian Floian Tremadocian Stage 10 Jiangshanian Paibian Guzhangian Drumian Stage 5 Stage 4 Stage 3 Stage 2 Fortunian Kasimovian Moscovian Bashkirian Serpukhovian Visean Tournaisian Terreneuvian Series 2 Series 3 Furongian C am br ia n Upper Lower Middle Llandovery Wenlock Ludlow Pridoli Upper Middle Lower S ilu ria n D ev on ia n O rd ov ic ia n P al eo zo ic P ha ne ro zo ic P ha ne ro zo ic Asselian Hadean A rc he an P re ca m br ia n P ro te ro zo ic Neo- proterozoic Meso- proterozoic Paleo- proterozoic Neo- archean Meso- archean Paleo- archean Eo- archean Ediacaran Cryogenian Tonian Stenian Ectasian Calymmian Statherian Orosirian Rhyacian Siderian 0.0117 0.126 0.781 1.806 2.588 3.600 5.333 7.246 11.62 13.82 15.97 20.44 23.03 28.1 33.9 38.0 41.3 47.8 56.0 59.2 61.6 66.0 72.1 ±0.2 83.6 ±0.2 86.3 ±0.5 89.8 ±0.3 93.9 100.5 ~ 113.0 ~ 125.0 ~ 129.4 ~ 132.9 ~ 139.8 ~ 145.0 145.0 ± 0.8 152.1 ±0.9 157.3 ±1.0 163.5 ±1.0 166.1 ±1.2 168.3 ±1.3 170.3 ±1.4 174.1 ±1.0 182.7 ±0.7 190.8 ±1.0 199.3 ±0.3 201.3 ±0.2 ~ 208.5 ~ 228 254.2 ±0.1 259.9 ±0.4 265.1 ±0.4 268.8 ±0.5 272.3 ±0.5 279.3 ±0.6 290.1 ±0.1 303.7 ±0.1 307.0 ±0.1 315.2 ±0.2 323.2 ±0.4 330.9 ±0.2 346.7 ±0.4 358.9 ±0.4 298.9 ±0.2 295.5 ±0.4 ~ 235 ~ 242 247.2 251.2 252.2 ±0.5 358.9 ± 0.4 372.2 ±1.6 382.7 ±1.6 387.7 ±0.8 393.3 ±1.2 407.6 ±2.6 410.8 ±2.8 419.2 ±3.2 423.0 ±2.3 425.6 ±0.9 427.4 ±0.5 430.5 ±0.7 433.4 ±0.8 438.5 ±1.1 440.8 ±1.2 443.4 ±1.5 445.2 ±1.4 453.0 ±0.7 458.4 ±0.9 467.3 ±1.1 470.0 ±1.4 477.7 ±1.4 485.4 ±1.9 541.0 ±1.0 ~ 489.5 ~ 494 ~ 497 ~ 500.5 ~ 504.5 ~ 509 ~ 514 ~ 521 ~ 529 ~ 541 ~ 635 850 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2050 2300 2500 2800 3200 3600 4000 ~ 4600 present Series / Epoch Stage / Age numerical age (Ma) Eo no th em / Eo n Er at he m / Er a Sy st em / Pe rio d Series / Epoch Stage / Age numerical age (Ma) Eo no th em / Eo n Er at he m / Er a Sy st em / Pe rio d Series / Epoch Stage / Age numerical age (Ma) System / PeriodErathem / Era numerical age (Ma)Eo no th em / Eo n Er at he m / Er a Sy st em / Pe rio d Eonothem / EonG S S P G S S P G S S P G S S A G S S P INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART International Commission on Stratigraphy August 2012 www.stratigraphy.org Coloring follows the Commission for the Geological Map of the World. http://www.ccgm.org Chart drafted by K.M. Cohen, S. Finney, P.L. Gibbard (c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, August 2012 Units of all ranks are in the process of being defined by Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Points (GSSP) for their lower boundaries, including those of the Archean and Proterozoic, long defined by Global Standard Stratigraphic Ages (GSSA). Charts and detailed information on ratified GSSPs are available at the website http://www.stratigraphy.org Numerical ages are subject to revision and do not define units in the Phanerozoic and the Ediacaran; only GSSPs do. For boundaries in the Phanerozoic without ratified GSSPs or without constrained numerical ages, an approximate numerical age (~) is provided. Numerical ages for all systems except Triassic, Cretaceous and Precambrian are taken from ‘A Geologic Time Scale 2012’ by Gradstein et al. (2012); those for the Triassic and Cretaceous were provided by the relevant ICS subcommissions.