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人教版生物必修一复习提纲1人教版生物必修一复习提纲1 第一章:走近细胞 一、生命活动离不开细胞 细胞是生物体 的基本单位。 1、,最简单的生物,病毒由 外壳和内部的 组成~病毒的蛋白质外壳和里面的核酸又称为核衣壳。病毒没有 结构~只有依赖 才能生活~病毒的生命活动只有繁殖。 2、单细胞生物依赖 完成各种生命活动。如草履虫、眼虫、细菌、衣藻、酵母菌、疟原虫等 3、多细胞生物依赖 密切合作~完成复杂的生命活动~如以细胞代谢为基础的生物与环境之间的物质和能量的交换,以细胞增殖、分化为基础的生长与发育,以细胞内基因的传递和变化为基础的遗...

人教版生物必修一复习提纲1
人教版生物必修一复习提纲1 第一章:走近细胞 一、生命活动离不开细胞 细胞是生物体 的基本单位。 1、,最简单的生物,病毒由 外壳和内部的 组成~病毒的蛋白质外壳和里面的核酸又称为核衣壳。病毒没有 结构~只有依赖 才能生活~病毒的生命活动只有繁殖。 2、单细胞生物依赖 完成各种生命活动。如草履虫、眼虫、细菌、衣藻、酵母菌、疟原虫等 3、多细胞生物依赖 密切合作~完成复杂的生命活动~如以细胞代谢为基础的生物与环境之间的物质和能量的交换,以细胞增殖、分化为基础的生长与发育,以细胞内基因的传递和变化为基础的遗传与变异。 二、生命系统的结构层次 细胞?组织? ?系统,动物,?个体? ?群落?生态系统?生物圈 1、细胞是最基本的生命系统,生物的结构和功能基本单位, 2、注意区分:组织和器官、种群和群落的关系 ?组织是由形态、结构、功能相同的细胞与细胞间质构成~如肌肉组织、神经组织、上皮组织等。器官是几种不同的组织结合成的能完成某一生理功能的结构~如脑、脊髓、心脏、小肠等。 ?种群:在一定的区域内~ 个体的总和。例:一个池塘中所有的鲤鱼。群落:在一定的区域内~ ,包括植物、动物、微生物等,的总和。例:一个池塘中所有的生物。,不是所有的鱼, 3、血液属于组织层次~皮肤属于器官层次。 4、植物没有,系统,层次~单细胞生物既可对应为个体层次~又可对应为细胞层次。因此无“系统”~“组织”~“器官”这三个层次。 5、地球上最基本的生命系统是细胞。地球上最早出现的生命形式是具有细胞结构的单细胞生物。 8、生态系统:生物群落和它生存的无机环境相互作用而形成的统一整体。 三、显微镜的使用 1、物象:放大~上下左右倒立的虚象 2、,倍数=目镜X物镜,有一台显微镜目镜是12X~物镜有10X和40X~则最大的放大倍数是 ,最小放大倍数是 。 - 1 - 物镜 细胞大小 视野明暗 视野大小 细胞数目 物镜离玻片 低倍 高倍 3、视野中污点的判断 ?移动玻片污点不动——排除玻片~?移动目镜污点不动——排除目镜 ?转换物镜污点不动——排除物镜 4、移动玻片:某同学想把显微镜视野右上角的 图象移动到中央~怎么移动呢, ,视野中细胞的方位就是移动的方向, 5、目镜、物镜和物镜到玻片距离与 放大倍数大小 *目镜越短放大倍数 *物镜越长放大倍数 *物镜越靠近玻片放大倍数就 目 镜 物 镜 6、高倍镜的使用 取镜——安放——对光——放臵装片——使镜筒下降——使镜筒 上升——低倍镜下调清晰~并将要放大观察的物象移至视野中央 ——转动转换器~换上高倍镜——缓缓调节细准焦螺旋~使物象 清晰,和调解光圈或反光镜~调节亮度, 四、细胞的多样性和统一性 细胞的形态多种多样,但是他们的结构是统一的,即都会具 有 , 和 (真核细胞) 1、原核细胞与真核细胞的主要区别 比较项目 原核细胞 真核细胞 大小 较小 较大 本质区别 无成形的细胞核(无核膜、核仁、 有成形的细胞核(有核膜、 染色体),有 核仁、染色体) 或 或 遗传物质 环状DNA分子 染色体(DNA+蛋白质) 细胞器 只有核糖体 有多种细胞器 细胞壁的成分为肽聚糖(一种糖植物细胞细胞壁的成分为纤维细胞壁 类与蛋白质组成的化合物) 素和果胶,真菌细胞壁成分为 - 2 - 几丁质 主要类群 细菌、蓝藻、放线菌、支原体、衣植物、动物、真菌(如酵母菌、 原体、立克次氏体 蘑菇、青霉菌)、红藻、绿藻、 大肠杆菌、乳酸菌、结核杆菌等 褐藻等 注:?凡是“菌”字前面有“杆”“球”“螺旋”及“弧”字的都是细菌~均属于原核生物。 ?藻类的判断:藻类的种类有很多~常见的藻类有蓝藻,如念珠藻、颤藻、螺旋藻、 发菜等,、红藻,如紫菜、石花菜等,、褐藻,如海带、裙带菜等,、绿藻,如衣藻、 水绵、小球藻、团藻等,。其中 是原核生物~其他藻类为真核生物 2、蓝藻属于 生物~细胞内含有 和 ~是进行光合作用的色 素。 3、原核生物——无细胞核、无染色体~细胞器只有 1、创立人: 和 2、内容:?细胞是一个有机体~一切动植物都由 发育而来~并由 所构成。?细胞是一个 的单位~既有它自己的生命~又对与其他细胞共同组成的整体的生命起作用。?新细胞可以从 中产生。后来,1858年,~德国的 修正了细胞学说的第三个要点~将其修正为 ~从而使细胞学说的描述更加科学。 3、意义:?揭示了细胞统一性和 的统一性。 ?揭示了生物间存在的 。 第二章:组成细胞的分子 一:细胞中的元素和化合物 1、细胞中的大量元素: 2、细胞中的微量元素: 最基本元素 基本元素 主要元素 。 3、 水——活细胞,鲜重,含量最多 无机物 无机盐 化合物 蛋白质——生命体现物质,干重含量最多, 有机物 糖 类——供能物质 脂 类——储能物质 核 酸——遗传物质,核糖核酸RNA、脱氧核糖核酸DNA, 4、人体细胞鲜重的元素相对含量:O〉C〉H〉N〉P〉S 人体细胞干重的元素相对含量:C〉O〉N〉H〉Ca〉P〉S 5、有机物的鉴定 - 3 - 物质 实验材料 试剂 现象 注意事项 淀粉 马铃薯块碘液 茎研磨液 还原性糖,葡 斐林试剂,甲液 1、斐林试剂甲、乙液混合均匀后使萄糖、果糖、0.1g/ml的NaOH溶用 麦芽糖、乳液~乙液0.05g/ml的2、需水浴加热 糖、半乳糖, CuSO溶液, 3、选用实验材料应颜色较浅或白色 4 蛋白质 植物:大豆 双缩脲试剂,A液 1、先加A液NaOH后加B液CuSO4 动物:鸡蛋0.1g/ml的NaOH溶2、蛋白质分子中含有很多肽键 白,要稀液、B液0.01g/ml的 释, CuSO, 4 脂肪 苏丹? 或 苏丹IV 可制作花生子叶临时切片染色后显 微镜观察~也可将组织样液染色,脂 肪检测用到显微镜, DNA 甲基绿 RNA 吡罗红 二、蛋白质 1、*氨基酸是组成蛋白质的基本单位~组成蛋白质的氨基酸有 多种。他们的区别是 R 2、*结构通式 —C— COOH HN 2 H 3、结构特点:每种氨基酸分子至少都含有 ,—NH,和一个羧基 ~2 并且都有一个氨基和一个羧基连接在同一个碳原子上~这个碳原子还连接 和一个侧链基因。 4、*缩合反应,-CO-NH-肽键, ,左边的,羧基和,右边的,氨基发生反应~脱 去一分子的水 *二肽,由两个氨基酸分子缩合形成的化合物, 多肽,由三个或三个以上氨基酸缩合形成的化 合物, *基团,-NH氨基 -COOH羧基 -CH甲基 23 -OH羟基 -COH醛基 -CO-NH-肽键, 例(,8分,请根据下列化学简式回答: - 4 - ,1,上述化合物名称叫___________~生成此化合物的反应叫___________~反应所形成的化学键叫___________。 ,2,填写框内的名称:?___________~?_____________~?______________。 ,3,如果由五个氨基酸形成的化合物~每个氨基酸的平均分子量为180~则该化合物形成过程中脱___________个水分子~该化合物分子量为___________。 5、多肽及蛋白质的形成:多肽通常是链状结构~叫做多肽链。肽链在内质网上的核糖体合成之后~在内质网中折叠、盘旋、 ~再在高尔基体中进一步的加工~就形成了具有特定空间结构并能形式一定功能的蛋白质。 6、蛋白质分子的多样性及功能 由于构成每种蛋白质的氨基酸的______不同~每个蛋白质分子中氨基酸的______不同~氨基酸的____________千变万化~____________千差万别~导致蛋白质分子的结构多种多样。 7、*蛋白质里的肽链都有一定的空间结构~改变了则会引起蛋白质的 。强酸强碱~高温~紫外线等条件都会使蛋白质变性。,具有不可逆性, 8、蛋白质结构和功能的多样性 功能 举例 羽毛、肌肉、头发、蛛丝等 运输作用 绝大多数的酶 信息传递作用~能够调节各种激素能调节生物体的生命活动~如胰岛素~胰高血糖素等 机体的生命活动 免疫功能 肌动蛋白与肌球蛋白是肌肉收缩~产生运动 9、公式:?肽键数=________________________________________________ ?蛋白质分子的相对分子质量=________________________________________________ ?环状多肽比较特殊~如n个氨基酸形成一个环状多肽~则肽键数=失去的水分子数=n ?至少含有的羧基,—COOH,或氨基数,—NH, = 2 - 5 - 例 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 :此物质成为 肽~ 是由 种、 个氨基酸分子发生 反应生成的~反应脱去了 个水 分子~分子量减少了 。此化合 物共有 个肽键~氨基有 个~ 羧基有 个~若水解则应该提 供 个水分子。 三、糖类——,CHO,碳水化合物~由C、2 H、O三中元素组成。 ____________,CHO, 5105 五碳糖 动植物 1、 单 ____________,CHO, 细胞 5104 糖 ____________CHO, 6126 六碳糖 ____________,CHO, ———— 植物细胞 6126 ____________,CHO,——— 动物细胞 6126 2、二糖或双糖,CHO,:蔗糖,一分子果糖+一分子葡萄糖, 植物 122211 麦芽糖,_____________________________, 细胞 乳糖,_______________________________, —— 动物细胞 3、多糖,CHO,:淀 粉,多个葡萄糖,——植物储存能量的物质 植物 6105n 纤维素,多个葡萄糖,——植物细胞壁的成分之一 细胞 糖原,肝脏和肌肉中,——动物储存能量的物质之一 —— 动物细胞 4、主要的能源物质:葡萄糖,主要能源:糖类,直接能源:ATP,根本能源:太阳能 四、脂类——主要由C、H、O三中元素组成~有的含P元素 磷脂——脑、卵黄、细胞膜的主要成分,肝脏以及大豆种子中含量丰富 脂肪——皮下~大网膜~肠系膜 - 6 - 固醇——胆固醇、性激素、维生素D 分类 元素 常见种类 功能 / ? 主要储能物质 ? ?保温 ? 减少摩擦~缓冲和减压 类脂 磷脂 生物膜的主要成分 脂质 构成细胞膜的重要成分~在人体内 参与血液中脂质的运输 固醇 性激素 有利于Ca、P的吸收 五、核酸——由C、H、O、N、P五种元素组成 DNA RNA 分布 组成 单位 五碳糖 碱基 磷酸 相同 结构 螺旋双链 单链 例:一个细胞中含有核酸 种~含有核苷酸 种~含有碱基 种, 六、水 1、存在的形式: 和 2、功能:结合水是 的重要组成成分。结合水赋予各种组织、器官一定形状、 硬度、和弹度~因此某些组织器官的含水量虽多,如人的心肌细胞含水79%,~ 仍呈坚韧的状态。 自由水是细胞内的 ~许多物质溶解在其中,参与许多 , 运送 ,为细胞提供 环境。自由水 含量影响细胞新陈代谢强度~含量越大~新陈代谢越 。种子晾晒的过 程中失去的水为 。 3、自由水和结合水在一定条件下可以相互转化~如血液凝固时~部分 变成了结 合水 七、无机盐 - 7 - 1、存在形式:绝大多数以 的形式存在~少数是细胞内重要化合物的组成成分。 2、功能:调节机体生命活动~如缺 就会抽搐 维持细胞的渗透压~如钠离子和氯离子 参与重要化合物的组成~如铁离子组成血红蛋白~镁离子组成叶绿素 维持细胞的酸碱平衡~如NaHCO-HCO 323 1( 下列物质中有的是氨基酸~有的不是~其中能组成生物体蛋白质分子的全部氨基酸经缩合反应形成的物质叫做, , 化学元素 2、写各物质的名称~ A B C D 基本单位 A B C D E F G H 有机大分子 E F G H E如果在动物肝脏中是, 重要功能 能量物质 储能物质 结构物质 遗传物质 F如果是组成细胞膜的主要成分那么它与这些有机物都含有的化学元素是 、 、 。 3、血红蛋白、胰岛素、胃蛋白酶、抗体等物质在生物体中的功能依次是, , A.免疫功能、运输功能、调节功能、催化功能 B.运输功能、调节功能、催化功能、免疫功能 C.调节功能、催化功能、免疫功能、运输功能 D.催化功能、免疫功能、运输功能、调节功能 4、在晒干的谷物中~水的含量为13%-15%~这些水存在的状态主要是, , A.自由水 B.蒸发水 C.结合水 D.结晶水 5、已知Mn是许多酶的活化剂~例如能激活硝酸还原酶~缺Mn的植物就无法利用硝酸盐~这说明无机盐离子, , A.对维持细胞的形态有重要的作用 B.对维持生命活动有重要的作用 - 8 - C.对维持细胞的酸碱平衡有重要的作用 D.对调节细胞的渗透压有重要的作用 第三章 细胞的基本结构 第1节:细胞膜 1、细胞膜的成分: 、 、 。 2、细胞膜的结构:一层膜结构~磷脂双分子层形成基本支架~蛋白质镶嵌其中~膜外面的蛋白质上有糖类形成 ,具有保护和润滑的作用~还与细胞识别有密切关系,。功能越复杂的细胞膜~ 。正常的细胞癌变后~细胞膜上产生甲胎蛋白和癌胚抗原等物质~可以作为判断细胞是否癌变的指标之一。 3、细胞膜的功能: ? 。 ?控制物质的进出——两层磷脂阻隔物质~载体蛋白具有选择透过性~ ? ——糖蛋白有识别能力 4、制备细胞膜的实验 ?实验材料:哺乳动物成熟的红细胞 ~如猪的新鲜的红细胞稀释液 ?实验原理: 5、细胞壁(具有全透性)——成分是 和 ~具有支持和保护作用。 第2节:细胞器 1、 线粒体:真核细胞的主要细胞器,动植物都有,~机能旺盛的细胞含量多。呈粒状、 棒状~具有 膜结构~内膜向内突起形成“嵴”~内膜和基质中含有与有 氧呼吸有关的酶~是有氧呼吸第 、 阶段的进行场所~生命体95%的能量 来自线粒体~所以又叫“动力工厂”。 。是 的 主要场所~为生命活动提供能量。 2、 叶绿体:只存在于植物的绿色细胞中。扁平的椭球形或球形~ 膜结构。基粒 中含有色素~基粒和基质中含有与光合作用有关的酶~是 的场 所。 。 3、 内质网:单层膜~是细胞内 的合成及加工以及 合成的“车间”。 4、 高尔基体:单层膜囊状结构~对蛋白质进行加工、分类和转运,植物中还与 的形成有关。 5、 核糖体:无膜结构~椭球形粒状小体~将 缩合成蛋白质。功能:合成蛋白质 6、 中心体:无膜结构~由垂直的两个 构成~存在与动物和低等植物中~与这 两类细胞的 有关。 7、 液泡:单层膜囊泡~成熟的植物细胞有大液泡。功能:贮藏,营养、色素等,、保持 细胞形态、调节渗透吸水。 - 9 - 8、 溶酶体:单层膜结构~有“消化车间”之称~含有多种 ~能分解衰老。损 伤的细胞器~吞噬并杀死侵入细胞的病毒或细菌。 专题一:动、植物细胞图像的判断 ,1, 有中心体 ? 无细胞壁、叶绿体、液泡~则为动物细胞图 ? 有细胞壁、叶绿体、液泡~则为低等植物细胞图 ,2, 无中心体~有细胞壁、叶绿体、液泡~则为高等植物细胞图 专题二:真核细胞、原核细胞图像的判断 ,1, 有核膜,或有核膜包围的真正细胞核,~则为真核细胞图 ,2, 无核膜,或只有拟核,~则为原核细胞图 专题三:显微、亚显微图像的判断 ,1, 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示出细胞器的结构~则为电子显微镜下的亚显微结构图 ,2, 未表示出细胞器的结构~则为普通光学显微镜下的显微结构图 专题四:细胞器之间的协调配合,分泌蛋白的合成、加工与分泌, 粗面型内质网上的核糖体合成——内质网腔加工、折叠、组装——膨大成具膜小泡包 裹的蛋白质——高尔基体进一步加工——囊泡——细胞膜——细胞外,整个过程都需要线 粒体提供能量, 第3节:细胞核 1、细胞核的结构 *核膜—— 膜~有核孔~大分子物质,蛋白质~RNA,的通道 *染色质,DNA和蛋白质组成, *核仁——与 、 的形成有关 2、染色体和染色质的关系——同种物质在 *染色体因容易被碱性染料染成深色而得名 3、细胞核和细胞器相辅相成~核质相互依存 *红细胞没有细胞核~只有120d的寿命 *精子没有细胞器而且丢失了大量的细胞质~只有3d的寿命 4、 细胞核的功能:细胞核是细胞的遗传信息库~ 是细胞代谢和遗传的控制中心。 习题: 1、看图填名称 ? ? ? ? - 10 - ? ? ? ? ? ? 2(某同学在观察自制淡水生物装片时~结合所学的知识绘图如下。请 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 回答: ,1,右图是__________细胞~图中含有DNA 的结构有____________,填编号,。 11 3 ,2,该细胞进行新陈代谢的主要场所是[ ] 5 ___________。 6 ,3, 该细胞中不含有磷脂分子的结构有________ 7 _______,填编号,。 10 3、下图左为高等动物、右为高等植物细胞亚显微结构图~根据图回答: ,1,高等植物细胞特有的结构是[ ] 和[ ] ___________。 ,2,占成熟的植物体积90,~而在动物中不明 显的细胞器是[ ] ___________。 ,3,在植物细胞有丝分裂末期~将一个细胞分 裂为两个子细胞过程中与细胞壁形成有关 的细胞器是[ ] ___________。 ,4,在细胞分裂间期~被碱性染料染成深色的 结构是[ ] ___________。 ,5,细胞内的“动力工厂”是[ ] ___________~它是细胞进行___________的主要 场所。 ,6,与动物胰岛素细胞形成和分泌胰岛素有关的细胞器主要是[ ] ___________ [ ] ___________7、 ,7,与动物细胞有丝分裂有关的细胞器是[ ] ___________。 ,8,将无机物合成有机物~并将光能转变成储存在有机物中的化学能的细胞器是[ ] ___________ 4、下图为物质出入细胞的两种方式示意图~根据图回答: ,1,图?表示___________运输方式~图?表示___________运输方式。 ,,2,红细胞吸收K和O进入红细胞的方式2细胞膜 细胞膜 分别属于___________和___________。 ,3,细胞膜主要是由___________________ 和_________________构成~从结构特点看~ - 11 - ? ? 具有一定的___________性~从功能特点看~是一种___________________膜。 5(下列哪一项与主动运输之间找不到联系, , A(核糖体 B(线粒体 C(细胞膜上的蛋白质 D(中心体 6(蛔虫细胞和蓝藻细胞中都没有的构造是,提示蛔虫进行的是无氧呼吸 , A(核糖体 B(线粒体 C(核膜 D(染色体 7.右图为黑藻细胞的细胞质环流示意图~视野中的叶绿体位于液泡的右方~细胞质环流的方向为逆时针~则实际上~褐藻细胞中叶绿体的位臵和细胞质环流方向分别是 , , A.叶绿体位于液泡的右方~细胞质环流的方向为顺时针 叶 B.叶绿体位于液泡的左方~细胞质环流的方向为顺时针 绿体 C.叶绿体位于液泡的右方~细胞质环流的方向为逆时针 D.叶绿体位于液泡的左方~细胞质环流的方向为逆时针 8(,1, 图中A表示___________~B表示 ___________~d代表的进出方式是 ______________________。 ,2, 如果该图表示胰腺细胞的细胞膜~ 在a,d四种物质进出细胞的方式中~表示 O运输的是 ~表示氨基酸运输2 的是 。,用字母同答, ,4,如果该图表示癌细胞的细胞膜~与正 常细胞相比较~则膜结构中___________________含量下降~使得癌细胞容易发生转移。正常细胞转化为癌细胞的根本原因是___________基因和___________基因发生了突变。 第四章: 1、失水和吸水的原理 ?细胞液浓度>外界浓度—— ,?细胞液浓度<外界浓度—— , 2、渗透吸水原理 ?渗透作用:渗透作用是指水分子,或其他溶剂分子,通过半透膜的扩散。 ?发生渗透作用的条件:一是具有 ~二是 ?原理:当溶液A>B时~水分就通过半透膜由 流向 ~当溶液A adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen - 21 - party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations - 22 - repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth - 23 - Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political - 24 - Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision - 25 - of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and - 26 - to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on - 27 - a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a - 28 - total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > - 29 - real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years - 30 - implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, - 31 - exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should - 32 - be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective - 33 - convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts - 34 - of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application - 35 - of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation - 36 - made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give - 37 - expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental - 38 - organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post - 39 - processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in - 40 - the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in - 41 - the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management - 42 - of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, - 43 - around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one - 44 - size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are - 45 - relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < - 46 - new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform - 47 - comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation - 48 - of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 - 49 - about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily - 50 - blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres - 51 - should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection - 52 - with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace - 53 - with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of - 54 - the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline - 55 - must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be - 56 - held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations. - 57 -
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