陕西省中考英语新题型：根据汉语完成句子复习指导

陕西省中考英语新题型：根据汉语完成句子复习指导 陕西省中考英语新题型:根据汉语完成句子复习指导 .完成句子2011年陕西省中考已变为全新的考查方式,要求学生根据所给的汉语翻译翻译补全英文句子。该题不同于以往的考查中只要求学生根据所给单词的适当形式完成句子，而是更加充分地考查学生在具体语境中运用语言的能力，突出了翻译在当前英语学习中的重要性。其考查重点为各类重要句型结构及其搭配、重点词汇的用法及其习惯 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达、主要语法规则及其运用等等。设计题型为5道，分值为十分。 中考解题技巧 1、明确命题意图，做到有的放矢。一般说来，句子翻译都有个别明显的考查意图，要么是考查个别词的用法或习惯表达，要么考查某个句型的结构和搭配，或者是考查某条语法规则的具体运用等等。做题时若能明确考查意图，那么便可以加强做题的针对性，从而做到有的放矢。 2、要注意英语的习惯表达以及英汉两种语言的不同之处。由于历史、文化等方面的原因，英汉两种语言在用词选句上等方面有许多不同之处，这一点考生一定要引起足够的重视，千万不要用汉语的习惯硬套英语句型。例如:英语中常说“希望/建议/同意/拒绝某人干某事”。但英语习惯上却不能说hope/suggest/agree/refuse sb to do sth;又比如汉语中的“红茶”，按英语习惯是说成black tea,而不应该说成red tea。再比如汉语中踢足球，打篮球，分别用“踢”和“打”，且习惯上不可替换，即不可以说打足球、踢篮球。但在英语中既不用kick，也不用beat,却通用一个词play。所有这些方面的基础语法知识和基本习惯用法知识，考生在复习迎考过程中要特别注意。 3、不要逐字翻译。不少考生在做翻译时往往由此习惯。比如:当他译“他年龄很大”这样一个极为简单的句子时，他往往会译为His age is very big.而不是正确译为He is old.又如要译“我工作很忙”，他不是正确的译为I’m busy,而是逐字译为My work is very busy.所有这些问题考生应该在应该在应考予以充分重视。 4、由于句子翻译一般采用翻译填空的形式，也就是说被填空的句子在句法结构或形式表达等方面已有了一定的限制，考生在做这类题时不仅要注意所给的中文句子的含义，而且要注意已给英语句子的结构和所使用的句式等，做到既不偏离中文含义，又符合英语表达的习惯性和地道性。 常用短语和句型 1. as soon as 2. (not) as/so…as… 3. as …as possible 4. ask sb. for sth. 5. ask/tell sb. ( how) to do sth. 6. ask/tell sb. ( not) to do sth. 7. be afraid of doing sth./that 8. be busy doing sth. 9. be famous /late/ready/sorry for 10. be glad that… 11. both …and… 12. either…or… 14. get + 比较级13. buy/give /show/send/pass/bring/lend/tell sb. sth. 15. get on with 16. be(get) ready for /get sth ready 17. had better (not) do sth. 18. help sb. (to) do /help sb. with 19. I don’t think that… 20. It’s bad /good for…. 21. enjoy/hate/ finish/mind/keep/go on doing sth. 22. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 23. give /show/ bring/ lend/ send/pass/ tell sth to sb. 24. It’s time for…/to do sth. 25. keep sb. doing 26. keep /make sth. +adj. 27. like to do /like doing 28. make/let sb.( not) do sth. 29. neither…nor… 30. not…at all 31. not only…but also… 32. not…until… 33. so …that… 34. spend…on/(in)doing sth. 35. stop sb. from doing sth. 36. stop to do /stop doing 37. take/bring sth with sb 38. too…to… 39. I would like to…/Would you like to …? 40. Will (Would,Could) you please…? 41. It’s adj. for sb. to do sth. 42. used to… 43. One…the other…/Some… others… 44. see/hear sb. do ( doing) sth. 45. The +比较级…, the +比较级…, 46. There is sth. wrong with… 47. What about/How about…? 48. What’s wrong/the matter with…? 50. So +be/助动词/情态动词+主语 49. Why not…? 表示前面的情况也适合另外一个人 或物 常见易混错的句子 1 我有重要的事情要告诉你。Wrong: I have important something to tell you. Right: I have something important to tell you. 错因:当复合不定代词被形容词修饰时，要后置。 2她和你父亲一样是位好老师。Wrong: She is as a good teacher as your father. Right: She is as good a teacher as your father. 错因:在as……as结构中，若形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词时，不定冠词a(an)应置于形容词和名词之间，不可放在形容词之前。 3 那里的人喜欢喝茶。Wrong: There people like drinking tea. Right; People there like drinking tea. 错因:表示方位的词 there ,here,upstairs,downstairs等作定语时，通常放在所修饰词之后。 4 你认为我们首先应当做什么,Wrong:What do you think should we do first? Right:What do you think we should do first? 错因:宾语从句用陈述语序。 5 王涛有时上学迟到。Wrong: Wang Tao sometimes is late for school. Right:Wang Tao is sometimes late for school. 错因:频度副词sometimes, often ,usually等常位于用于动词之前，be动词之后。 6 这男孩没到上学的年龄。Wrong: The boy is not enough old to go to school. Right:The boy is not old enough to go to school. 错因:当enough，very much 等修饰形容词和副词时，应放在形容词或副词之后。 7你还要别的什么,Wrong: Else what would you like? Right: What else would you like? 错因:else修饰疑问词和不定代词时，应放在他们后面。Eg: Do you want anything else? 8 请不要打开窗户， 好吗, Wrong: Would you not please open the window? Right: Would you please not open the window? 错因:Would you please…..?常用来委婉提出问题，其否定形式为Would you please not…? 9 他会玩电脑，我也会。Wrong:He can play computer. So I can. Right: He can play computer. So can I . 错因: 以so或neither开头的倒装句So/neither +be/助动词/情态动词+主语.否定句用neither。Eg I didn’t finish my homework .Neither did Tom. 10 老师经常告诉我们遇到困难的时候，不要灰心。 Wrong:The teacher often tells us don’t lose our heart when we are in trouble. Right: The teacher often tells us not to lose heart when we are in trouble. 错因:句式不清和思维定势的影响引起，一些同学把空格误认为是谓语，因而误用了don’t lose,其实这里考查的是tell sb (not) to do sth.另外受do our homework 的影响而误填为lose our heart.其正确 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 为not to lose heart. 11当他听到这个好消息时，激动的说不出话来。 Wrong:He was too excited not to say anything when he heard this good news. Right:He was too excited to say anything when he heard this good news. 错因:对too..to..句型理解不清，其结构本身已有否定之意，无需再加not. 12 花应该经常浇水。Wrong: The flowers should often water. Right: The flowers should often be watered. 错因:这是受汉语思维影响，汉语中很少用到被动句，而英语则不然，必须使用被动语态。所以正确答案为should often to wtered.