虚拟条件句

if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断 1、可以把条件句分为两类: 1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句。例如: ⑴、If I have time , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。 ⑵、As long as I say anything wrong, you must point it out.只要我说了什么错话,你一定要指出来。 ⑶、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。) 2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。例如: ⑴、If I were you , I would have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。 ⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。 ⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。) 2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断 判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。 判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。 ③与将来事实可能相反。 3、“后退一步法” 后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是: ①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示。 ②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。 主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。例: ⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him. ⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. ⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out. 4、注意事项 ①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。 ②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。 1. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 设类型条件从句谓语 动词形式主语谓语 动词形式 与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形 与过去事实相反had + 过去分词should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词 与将来事实相反 1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 2. Wish 引导的宾语从句 与现在事实相反过去时(were) 与过去事实相反had+过去分词 与将来事实相反would/could/might+动词原形 I wish I were a bird. I wish he hadn‘t done that. (do) I wish I would be rich in the future. 3. 表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气 一个坚持 ___________ 两个命令_____________ 三个建议_____________四个要求____________ Keys:1). insist 2). order, command 3). advise, suggest, and propose 4). demand, require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形, 或者将should省略。 The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight. He insisted that we (should) tell him the news. 虚拟语气(二) the Subjunctive mood 1. 表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用:should+原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省略。例: My suggestion is that we should go there at once. What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening? 2、It’s necessary/strange/natural/ important/pity/no wonder/impossible + that Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟, 即(should)+动词原形 It is strange that he (should) say so. 他居然会这样说,真是奇怪。 It is a great pity that you (should) think so. 他居然会这样想,真是一件憾事。 It is natural that a bird (should) rest in trees. 鸟在树上安歇是很自然的。 It is necessary that he be sent to Beijing right away. 有必要立即派他去北京。 3、在It is/was suggested /ordered / demanded / proposed / etc. 结构中要使用虚拟语气。如: It‘s requested that we (should) keep the stability of the society for the people’s peaceful life. It’s suggested that the plan be carried out. It is ordered that all the troops (should) withdraw three miles away. 根据命令,所有部队撤至三英哩以外。 It is arranged that he leave for Canada on Friday. 照安排,他星期五动身去加拿大。 It is suggested that the English evening be held on Saturday. 有人建议,英语晚会周六举行。 4. would rather 后的宾语从句。如: I would rather you could teach me again. The manager would rather that his secretary went to the meeting instead of him .经理宁愿他的秘 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 代替他去开会。 5. as if, as though引导的从句。 以as if 、as though(似乎,仿佛)引出的方式状语从,如果表示真实情况应该用直陈语气;如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气, 其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。 The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man. He acted as usual as though nothing had happened. 1. The boy acted ____ he had never lived in Canada before. A. as though B. even if C. as D. since Key:A 6. 由if only (要是……,那该多好啊!)引导的惊叹句。如: If only I had passed the test ! If only it stopped raining! 比较if only与only if only if表示"只有";if only则表示"如果……就好了"。If only也可用于陈述语气。 I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了,我才会醒。 If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响了,就好了。 If only he comes early. 但愿他早点回来。 7. It is (high) time that It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形,但should不可省略。 It is time that the children went to bed. It is high time that the children should go to bed. It is high time that we had our lunch. 该是我们吃午饭的时候了。 It is time that he made up his mind. 该是他作出决定的时候了。 Step3 Exercises Slide show Multiple choices 1. It was urgent that he _________ her immediately. A. calls B.called C.call D.would call 2. It’s high time that something _________ to prohibit selling fake commodities. A. must be done B.was done C. be done D. were done 3. There was a traffic jam; otherwise I ____ here on time. A. would be B. had been C. should be D. would have been 4.The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students ___ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given 5.I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ___ there. A. was B. were C. had been D. went 6.It is strange that such a thing ___ in your school. A. will happen B. happens C. should happen D. happened 7.I’d rather you ___ right away. A. leave B. Left C. will leave D. to leave 8.It is required that you ____ at six. A. will arrive B. arrive C. arrived D. would arrive 9. If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do. A. had known B. would know C. should know D. knew Keys: CBDC CCBBD Step 4 Homework 1.Finish exercises of Discovering useful structures. 2. Preview Using Language.