英语三大从句

英语三大从句 一(名词性从句简介 1、主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由连接词that～whether～if; 连接代词what～ whatever～who～whoever ～which; 连接副词how～when～where～why等词引导。例如: What he wants to tell us is not clear. / Who will win the match is still unknown. (1) 主语从句可以位于句首～但有时为避免句子头重脚轻～常用it代替主语从句作形式主语 放于句首～而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。 That the earth is round is true. = It is true that the earth is round. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided. = It hasn’t been decided whether he will come. 常用句型如下: ? It + be + 名词/形容词+ that从句 It is a pity that we can’t go. It is clear that Tom has returned. ?It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句 It is said / reported / believed / known that … ?It + 不及物动词 + that 从句 另:在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时～谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “(should) +do”～常用的句型有: It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that sb. should do sth. It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that sb. should do sth. It is suggested (requested, proposed, advised, etc.) that sb. should do sth. (2) 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况: ? It is said /reported that…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. × ? It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. That he failed in the examination occurred to him. × ? It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. × ? 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时～主语从句不可提前。例如: Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? Is that it will rain in the evening likely? × ? if引导的主语从句 It is not clear to me if she likes the present. If she likes the present is not clear to me. × 注意:(1)连词that, whether在主语从句中不担任句子成分～只起连接作用～不能省略。并且 whether引导主语从句时不能用if代替。 (2)连接代词who, which和连接副词how, when, where, why在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又 起连接作用～在主语从句中充当主语～宾语～状语～不能省略。可以用形式主语it引导。 (3)who, whom, which, what等可以和ever构成合成词～引导主语从句和宾语从句。此类主语 从句不能用it引导～引导词在句中担任句子成分～不能省略。 2、宾语从句 在复合句中用作宾语的从句是宾语从句;在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句～表语从句的关联词大致一样。 1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 连接词that引导宾语从句时～that在句中不担任任何成分～在口语或非正式的文体中常被省 去～但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如: He has told me (that )he will go to Shanghai tomorrow and that he has got everything ready. 1 2. 用who～whoever, whom, whose, which, whichever , what, whatever, when , where, why, how等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句～应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如: She always thinks of how she can work well. She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句～其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒～仍保持陈述句语序。此外～whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether～不用if: a. 引导主语从句并在句首时,b. 引导表语从句时,c . 引导从句作介词宾语时, d. 从句后有“or not”时, e. 后接动词不定式时。 Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test. Everything depends on whether we have enough money. I wonder whether he will come or not. Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应～当主句动词是现在时～从句根据自身的句子情况～而使用 不同时态。例如: I know (that)he studies English every day. ,从句用一般现在时, I know (that)he studied English last term. ,从句用一般过去时, I know (that) he will study English next year. ,从句用一般将来时, I know (that)he has studied English since 1998. ,从句用现在完成时, 当主句动词是过去时态,could, would除外,～从句则要用相应的过去时态～如一般过去时～过去进行时～过去将来时等,当从句表示的是客观真理～科学原理～自然现象～则从句仍用现在时态。例如: The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America( 5. think, believe, expect , imagine, suppose等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中～要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式～即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如: We don’t think you are here. I don’t believe he will do so. 3(同位语从句 如果担任同位语的是个句子～则这个句子是同位语从句。同位语从句表示先行名词的具体 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 ～常见的能跟同位语从句的名词有news、fact, problem , question、wish、hope、idea、information、advice、suggestion、truth、word, promise、belief, doubt, demand、message、order、thought, reply, reason ,request、rumour、等。引导同位语从句常用连词that～它在句中不担任句子成分～没有词意。除that外～还有whether, when, where, who, what, which, why, how等。同位语从句与先行名词有时也可以分开。 The news that we won the game is exciting. I have no idea when he will come back home. The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. They have no hope that he will recover. 注:同位语从句与定语从句的区别: ,1,同位语从句的先行名词极为有限～而定语从句的先行词则不计其数。 ,2,引导同位语从句的连词that没有实际意义～在句中不担任句子成分～一般不能省略。而引导定语从句的that则在从句中作主语～宾语等(在从句中作宾语时可以省略,)。引导同位语从句的wh一词多具有疑问意义～而引导定语从句的wh一词则没有疑问意义。 I had no idea that you were here(,that引导同位语从句～不能省略, Have you got the idea,that,this book gives you of life in ancient Greece,,that引导定语从句～作宾语～可以省略, ,3,同位语从句与先行名词是等同关系～一个抽象～一个具体～两者常可以转述为主表关系～ 定语从句与先行词是修饰与被修饰关系。 The news that our team won the game is true. = The news is that our team won the game. (同位语从句) 2 The news that you have heard isn’t true. (定语从句) ,4,when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词～则when和where引导的是定语从句～否则为同位语从句。如: They put forward the question where they could get the money.( 同位语从句) This is the place where the accident happened.( 定语从句) 4(表语从句 在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。它常位于句中联系动词或是起联系动词作用的动词之后。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样～ The fact is that we have lost the game. That’s just what I want. This is where our problem lies. The problem is where we can hold our meeting. That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. seem, look, as if, because等词均可引导表语从句: It seems that /looks as if it is going to rain. It was because I got up late. 注意:当主语是reason时～表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如: The reason why he was late was that (不能省略)he missed the train by one minute this morning. 定语从句专项训练 一、在复合句中～修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词～定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词～常见的关系代词包括that～ which～ who,宾格whom～所有格whose,等～关系副词包括where～ when～ why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用～同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系～定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词～主句与从句不用逗号分开～从句不可省去～非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开～起补充说明作用～如省去～意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人～也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语～作主语时不可省略～作宾语可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。,that作主语, The coat ,that, I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。,that作宾语, 2.which用于指物～在句中作主语或宾语～作主语不可省略～作宾语可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。,作主语, The film ,which, we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。,作宾语, 3.who～ whom用于指人～who 用作主语～whom用作宾语。在口语中～有时可用who代替whom～也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。,作主语, Who is the teacher ,whom, Li Ming is talking to,正在与李明谈话的老师是谁,,作宾语, 3 注意:,1,当定语从句中含有介词～介词放在句末时～who～ that～ which可省略～但介词在关系代词前时～只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如: This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。 Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。 ,2,含有介词的固定动词词组中～介词不可前置～只能放在原来的位置上。例如: This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。 ,3,that 作介词的宾语时～介词不能放它的前面～只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如: The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。 ,4,关系词只能用that的情况: a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰～或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时～只能用that～而不用which.例如: He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 b.被修饰的先行词为all～ any～ much～ many～ everything～ anything～ none～ the one等不定代词时～只能用that～而不用which.例如: Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop,你在商店里有什么东西要买吗, c.先行词被the only～ the very～ the same～ the last～ little～ few 等词修饰时～只能用that～而不用 which.例如: This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时～只能用that～ 而不用which.例如: I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。 e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句～为避免重复～只能用that.例如: Who is the girl that is crying, 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁, f.主句是there be 结构～修饰主语的定语从句用that～而不用which.例如: There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。 ,5,关系词只能用which～而不用that 的情况: a.先行词为that～ those时～用which～ 而不用that.例如: What’s that which is under the desk, 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么, b.关系代词前有介词时～一般用which～而不用that.例如: This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。 c.引导非限制性定语从句～用which～ 而不用that.例如: Tom came back～ which made us happy. 汤姆回来了～这使我们很高兴。 五、关系副词的用法 ,1,when指时间～其先行词表示时间～在句中作时间状语。例如: This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。 ,2,where指地点～其先行词表示地点～在句中作地点状语。例如: This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。 ,3,why 指原因～其先行词是原因～起原因状语作用。例如: Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。 单项填空。 1. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father, -Yes～ he’s our headmaster. A. he B. who C. which D. whom 2. Is this the river _____I can swim, A. which B. in which C. that D. the one 4 3. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know. A. where B. which C. that D. it 4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day, A. that you bought B. you bought it C. that you bought it D. which you bought it 5. Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands. A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing. A. that B. it C. which D. who 7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate A. who’s B whose C. that D.of which. 8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister. A. which, is B. whom, was C. who, is D. who, was 9. I love places ______the people are really friendly. A. that B. which C. where D. who 10. The world ______ is made up of matter. A. in that we live B. on which we live C. where we live in D. we live in ?. 用适当的关系代词that～ which～ who～ whom填空。 1. The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal. 2. April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west. 3. The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends. 4. The house _____we live in is very old. 5. Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now, 参考 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 : I. 1-5BBCAC 6-10 ABCCD ?. 1. that 2. which / that 3. who / that 4. that / which 5. who/ whom/ that 语法复习六:状语从句 由从句担任的状语～在句子中可修饰谓语,或其它动词,、形容词、副词或是整个句子～它 可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一 较大的语法项目～也是近几年 高考 地理事物空间分布特征语文高考下定义高考日语答题卡模板高考688高频词汇高考文言文120个实词 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、 地点、条件、目的等状语从句～这些从句仍是今后高考热点～应作充分准备。同时对方式状 语从句也应引起重视。 ,一,时间状语从句 表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。 e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting. He started as soon as he received the news. Once you see him, you will never forget him. No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep. ,二,原因状语从句 原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的～引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now 5 that,既然,等～for 表示因果关系时,它引导的不是从句,为并列连词～语气不如because 强。 e.g. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position. As it is raining, I will not go out. Now that you mention it, I do remember. ,三,地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。 e.g. Sit wherever you like. Make a mark where you have a question. ,四,目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句最常用的词,组,是so, so that,从句谓语常有情态动词,, in order that, in case,以防～以免,等。 e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you. She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons. He left early in case he should miss the train. ,五,结果状语从句 结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句～通常主句是原因～从句是结果。由so that ,从句谓语 一般没有情态动词,, so … that, such … that等引导。 e.g. She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting. He was so excited that he could not say a word. She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her. ,六,条件状语从句 条件状语从句分真实性,有可能实现的事情,与非真实性,条件与事实相反或者在说话者看 来不大可能实现的事情,条件句。引导条件状语从句的词,组,主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意:条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。 e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean. So far as I know,据我所知,, he will be away for three months. You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don’t go too far away from the river bank. If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her. ,七,让步状语从句 让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who (when, what, …) 等引导。注意:as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。 e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, I’ll never change my mind. ,八,方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。 e.g. You must do the exercise as I show you. He acted as if nothing had happened. ,九,比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as, the more … the more等引导。 e.g. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. The busier he is, the happier he feels. ,十,使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题 6 1、在时间和条件,有时也在方式、让步等,从句中～主句是一般将来时～从句通常用一般现 在时表示将来。 e.g. We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai. 2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句～如果从句的主语与主句主语一致,或虽不一致～ 是it,～从句的谓语又包含动词be ～就可省略从句中的“主语 + be”部分。 e.g. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night. If (you are) asked you may come in. If (it is) necessary I’ll explain to you again. 3、注意区分不同从句:引导的是什么从句～不仅要根据连词～还要根据句子结构和句意来判 别。以where为例～能引导多种从句。 e.g. You are to find it where you left it.,地点状语从句, Tell me the address where he lives.,定语从句～句中有先行词, I don’t know where he came from.,宾语从句, Where he has gone is not known yet.,主语从句, This place is where they once hid.,表语从句, 练习、状语从句 一、用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句～并指出是哪种状语从句: 1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things. 2. The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be. 3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it. 4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him. 5.I shall go to the park unless it rains. 6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 7. Where there is water, there is life. 8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates. 9. Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you. 10. Even if (though) I fail. I’ll never lose heart. 11. Once you begin the work, you must continue. 12. I will find her wherever she may be. 13. Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us. 14. He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep. 15. We must do everything as he tells us. 16. India is much bigger than Japan. 17. No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome. 18. As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates. 二、用适当的连词填空: 1. Dr. Bethune (白求恩) came to China __________ he was fifty. 2. He began to work __________ he got there. 3. Let's begin our meeting __________everyone is here. 4. I like the English people, __________ I don't like their food. 5. __________ you go in China, you can see smiling faces. 6. He didn't come to the lecture, __________ he was very busy. 7. __________we had enough time, we walked to the cinema. 7 8. They will help you __________ you meet with difficulty. 9. _________ we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot. 10.I didn't join them yesterday evening __________ I had to go to an important meeting. 11. We would try to get a car __________we could all travel together more easily. 12. She wouldn't forget her mother's birthday __________ she seldom wrote to her family. 13. We're doing everything we can to make things as easy for you ___________we can. 14. The meeting became so disorderly __________ the speaker had to shout the audience down. 15. He was angrier __________ ever before. 16. __________ you lock all the doors, he can still manage to get in. 17. The boy was so tired __________ he fell asleep on the bus. 18. Hard _________ he tried, he couldn’t force the door open. 三、选择填空: 1. I’ll let you know ____ he comes back. A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although 2. She will sing a song ____ she is asked. A. if B. unless C. for D. since 3. We will work ____ we are needed. A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever 4. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you. A. so that B. if C. when D. although 5._____ you go, don't forget your people. A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever 6. It is about ten years _____ I met you last. A. since B. for C. when D. as 7. They will never succeed, _____ hard they try. A. because B. however C. when D. since 8. _____ still half drunk, he made his way home. A. When B. Because C. Though D. As 9. _____ she was very tired, she went on working. A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of 10. Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you. A. as B. when C. since D. for 11. I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school. A. though B. although C. as if D. when 12. _____ we got to the station, the train had left already. A. If B. Unless C. Since D. When 13. _____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station. A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though 14. She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch. A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as 15. We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work. A. since B. until C. because D. though 16. I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back. A. even if B. as though C. because D. until 17. Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field. 8 A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they 18. Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better. A. since B. so that C. for D. because 19. You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up. A. unless B. as C. if D. until 20. When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions. A. at which B. at where C. the place D. where 21. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark. A. and B. but C. as D. unless 22. I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how. A. until B. unless C. when D. before 23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go. A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even 24. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 25. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back. A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where 26. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram? A. when B. that C. though D. however 27. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better. A. although B. even though C. so that D. since 28. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train. A. that B. though C. unless D. if 29. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed. A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though 30. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today. A. than B. when C. while D. as 31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework. A. Much B. However C. As D. Although 32. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go. A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever 33. The child was __ immediately after supper. A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bed C. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed 34. The history of nursing __ the history of man. A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as 35. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York. A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although 36._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible. A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of 37. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _____ his father died. A. than B. as C. while D. when 38. _____ David goes, he is welcome. A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever 39. The house stood _____ there had been a rock. A. which B. at which C. when D. where 9 40. Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool. A. because B. so C. if D. as 41. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _____ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as 42. The piano in the other shop will be _____, but _____. A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as better C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good 43. John plays football _____, if not better than, David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as 44. Although he is considered a great writer, A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read 45. ___ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 46.—What was the party like? —Wonderful. It' s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much. A. after B. when C. before D. since 47. It was not _____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then 48. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _____ great it is. A. what B. how C. however D. whatever 49. After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre. A. that B. where C. which D. when 50._____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is 51. He will come to call on you the moment he ____ his painting. A. will finish B. finished C. has finished D. had finished 52. ____ difficult the task may be, we will try our best to complete it in time. A. No matter B. No wonder C. Though D. However 53. It was ____ that she couldn’t finish it by herself. A. so difficult a work B. such a difficult work C. so difficult work D. such difficult work 参考答案 语法复习六:状语从句 一、 1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things. 让步 2. The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be.比较 3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.方式 4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.结果 5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.条件 6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.时间 7. Where there is water, there is life.地点 8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.目的 9. Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.原因 10 10. Even if (though) I fail, I’ll never lose heart.让步 11. Once you begin the work, you must continue.时间 12. I will find her wherever she may be. 让步 13. Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.原因 14. He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.结果 15. We must do everything as he tells us.方式 16. India is much bigger than Japan.比较 17. No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.让步 18. As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.条件 二、1. when; 2. as soon as; 3. as; 4. though; 5. Wherever; 6. because; 7. Since; 8. whenever; 9. Since; 10. because; 11. so that; 12. though; 13. as; 14. that; 15. than; 16. Even if; 17. that; 18. as 三、1~5 CADAC 6~10 ABCBA 11~15 DDCAB 16~20 DABAD 21~25 CABBA 26~30 BCCBD 31~35 BACDD 36~40 ADCDD 41~45 CCBAD 46~50 DBCBD 51~53 CDD 11