虚拟语气练习题及答案

精品文档 虚拟语气练习题及答案 二(选择题 C1. If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie b2. How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden. A. has B. had C. will have D. had had d3. You did not let me drive. If we ____in turn, you ____ so tired A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven ; wouldn’ t have got b4. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will c5. I suggested the person _____ to be put into prison A. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer 6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it____ A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been 1 / 29 精品文档 broken 7. I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with him A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is 8. ---Your aunt invites you to the movies today ---I had rather she ____ me tomorrow than today A. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told 9. ---Would you have called her up had it been possible ---Yes, but I ____busy doing my homework A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 10. I was ill that day, otherwise I ____ the sports meet A. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in 11. ___the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily A. Had it not been forB. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for 12. If my lawyer ____here last Sunday, he ____ me from going 2 / 29 精品文档 A. had been, would have preventedB. had been, would prevent C. were, prevent D. were, would have prevented 13. ____hard, he would have passed the exam A. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D. Were he to work 14. ____today, he would get there by Friday A. Were he to leaveB. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left 15. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right now A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been 16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother A. has come B. did come C. come D. had come 17. He ____busy yesterday, or he ___you with your experiment. A. was, had helped B. was, would have helped C. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped 18. If it ____for the snow, we____ the mountain yesterday A. were not, could have climb B. were not, could 3 / 29 精品文档 climb C. had not been, could have climbed D. hadn’t been, could climb 19. Without electricity, human life ____quite difficult today A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 20. ---I am going to tell her the news ---I would as soon you _____her about it A. didn’t tell B. don’t tell C. hadn’t tell D. won’t tell 21. Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he ____home A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay 22. It was requested that the play ____again A. should put on B. would put on C. be put on D. put on 23. She insisted that a doctor _____ immediately A. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent 24. ---Did you scold him for his carelessness ----Yes, but ____it A. I’d rather not do B. I’d rather not have done C. I should’ t do D. I’d better not do 4 / 29 精品文档 25. If only I ___my car A. hadn’t lost B. wouldn’t lose C. didn’t lose D. haven’t lost 26. But for water, it ____impossible to live in the earth A. is B. would C. were D. wouldn’t be 27. I would rather you ____anything about it for the time being A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t D. didn’t 28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he ____ their own son A. is B. were C. had been D. should be 29. How the old people wish that they ____young once more A. were B. could become C. had been D. should be 30. It is high time that we ____ a meeting to discuss this problem A. hold B. held C. have held D. had held 31. The thief closed his eyes ____ he ____dying A. even if , was B. though, would be C. even, had been D. as if, were 32. I wish that you ____ such a bad headache 5 / 29 精品文档 because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concert A. had not B. did not have had C. hadn’t had D. hadn’t have 33. The chairman insisted that we ____the question again A. will discuss B. to discuss C. should discuss D. will be discussed 34. He requested that the students ____them get in crops A. help B. to help C. helped D. helping 35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _____the rules A. obeys B. Obey C. will obey D. would obey 36. I wish I ____here then A. was B. had been C. were D. would be 37. It is strange that he ____back so early A. came B. will come C. had come D. should have come 38. Mother suggested that I ___my homework first before watching TV A. did B. do C. shall do D. have done 6 / 29 精品文档 39. My suggestion is that the meeting ____off till nest Sunday A. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put 40. He is talking so much about America as if he ____ there A. had been B. has been C. was D. been 41. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished 42. ---Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to„„ ----Don’t call me “Joe”, I am Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it! A. do B. didn’t C. didD. don’t 43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I ____ but I ____ all this morning A. would, have washed B. could, have been washing C. would have, have been washing D. could have, had washing 44. How I wish I ____ to repair the watch! I only made it worse A. had tried B. hadn’t tried C. have tried D. 7 / 29 精品文档 didn’t try 45. ----How could I thank you enough? ----Don’t mention it. Any other man ____it A. must do B. could do C. would have done D. should have done 46. Key European governments insist Iraq’s co-operation ____ good and military action______ to allow inspections to continue A. be, be delayed B. is, delay C. should be, be delayed D. is , be delayed 47. If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, ____more deaths A. it would have been B. it would be C. there would be D. there would have been 48. What the customers_____ from the company is that the goods ____ right to their homes. A. requested, deliver B. demand, be delivered C. request, should deliver D. demand, delivered 49. If law-breakers _____ the society will be in disorder A. made unpunished B. came unpunished C. went unpunished D. not punished 8 / 29 精品文档 50. We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we ____late A. would be B. were C. will be D. would have been 51. Supposing he never ____, what would happen then A. come B. came C. would come D. will come 52. What do you think his proposal that we ____ a play at the English meeting A. had put on B. should put on C. have put on D. will put on 53. I hope that you ____ right A. will be B. should be C. were D. would be 54. As you know, I am a disabled man, but I would be happy if I ___of service to you A. am B. have been C. should be D. would be 55. He insisted that we ____early the next morning A. start B. started C. would start D. had started 56. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother A. has come B. did come C. had come D. came 57. We ____last night, but we went to the cinema 9 / 29 精品文档 instead A. must have studied B. might study C. would study D. would have studied 58. If it _____the snow, we _____the Simian Mountain last week A. were not, could have climbed B. were not, could climb C. had not been , could have climbed D. had not been, could climb 答案 C B D B C C C B A A D A B A C D B C D A D C C B A C B B A B D C C A B B D B A A C D C B C D D B C D B B A A A C D C Welcome to 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的 应用 1. If my lawyer _______ here last Saturday, he _______ me from going. A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented 2. If I had worn my overcoat, I _______cold. 10 / 29 精品文档 A. won’t have caught B .couldn’t have caught C. won’t catchD. wouldn’t catch 3.—If he ______ , he ______ that food. —Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken 4. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _______, she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did comeC. came D. had come 1(A(本题考查虚拟语气。因为从句 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示与过去事实 相反的假设，故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动 词用would have +过去分词形式。 2(B(本题考查虚拟条件句中主句谓语动词的使用。 因为从句用了过去完成时，可知主句谓语动词用would / could have +过去分词形式。根据句意，可知选B。 3(B. 根据答语，可知本题考查与过去事实相反的虚 拟语气。故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动词用 would have +过去分词形式。 4(D( 根据句意“在会上我没有看到你的姐姐。如 11 / 29 精品文档 果她来的话，她就见到我哥哥了”可知，这是考查对过去事实的虚拟。主句用could have done，故从句谓语动词应该用过去完成时。 一、虚拟条件句的类别 虚拟条件句可分为三类:一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况;一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况;另一类是叙述与将来事实相反的情况。其主句和从句的谓语动词构成如下: 1. 与现在事实相反 条件从句用过去时，主句用would +动词原形”。如: If I were you, I would accept the invitation to the party. 如果我是你的话，我将接受去舞会的邀请。 If I knew her well, I would tell you about her. 如果我很了解她的话，我将告诉你关于她的事情。 2. 与过去事实相反 条件从句用过去完成时，主句用“would /should/ might / could + have +过去分词”, 如: If you had been there last night, nothing would have happened. 如果你昨天晚上在那儿的话，就没有什么事情发生了。 12 / 29 精品文档 If I had got up earlier, I would have caught the first bus. 如果我起得更早一些的话，就赶上头班车了。 3(与将来事实相反 条件从句用过去时或者“were to + 动词原形”或者“should+ 动词原形”，主句用“would +动词原形”, 如: If it were Saturday tomorrow, we wouldn’t have an exam. 如果明天是周六的话，我们就不考试了。 If you were to visit the school tomorrow, you would see Professor Smith. 如果你明天去参观学校的话，你就会看到史密斯教 授。 If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off until next Friday. 如果明天下雨的话，运动会将被推迟到下周五举行。 在虚拟条件句中，谓语动词按照“后退一步法”使 用，即:与现在事实相反，从句中用一般过去时;与过去事 实相反，从句中用过去完成时;与将来事实相反，从句中用 过去将来时。 二、虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装 如果if虚拟条件句中有were, had, 或者should等 13 / 29 精品文档 词时，可以省略if，把这些词放在主语前，形成倒装句。如: If I should meet her , I would tell her. 如果我遇见她的话，我就告诉她。 If I were in your position , I would do it better. 如果我在你的位置上，我会做得更好。 If they had made preparations , they would have succeeded. 如果他们做了准备的话，他们就已经成功了。 Grammar work语法专练 动词变形 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. —? If the factory ___________ to me, I ___________ it. — But it isn’t yours. 2. — If you ___________ the secret, nobody ___________ it. — I’m sorry for making such a mistake. 3. If the weather were to be fine tomorrow, I ______ for an outing with my parents. 4. ___________ I you, I would think about this problem once again. 5. ___________ I had time last night, I 14 / 29 精品文档 ___________ to see this wonderful film. 完成句子 精选练习 1(You didn’t let rne drive. If we_______in turn， you_______so tired( A. drove;didn’t get B. drove;wouldn’t get C(were driving;wouldn’t get D(had driven; wouldn’t have got 2(It’s high time we____________to the theater( A. will B. shallC. are going to D.went 3(It’s strange that they_______nothing about this matter( A. know B. would knowC knowsD(knew 4(He suggests we________to the cinema at once， otherwise we will be late( A. must go B. go C. will goD. would go 5(The general ordered that the thief__________( A. be punished B. would punish C. would be punished D. should punish 6(If only I___________how to operate a computer as yo do! 15 / 29 精品文档 A. had known B(would knowC. should know D(knew 7(When a pencil is partly in a glass of water， it looks as if it______? A. breaks B. has broken C(were broken D(had been broken 8(The chairman requested that____________( A. the members studied the problem more carefully B(the problems were more carefully studied C(the problems could be studied with more care D(the members study the problem more carefully 9(If I_____you，I________more attention to English idioms and phrases. A. was;shall payB. am;will pay C. would be;would pay D(were; would pay 10(We cannot imagine what our world________like without electric power( A. isB. will be C. would beD(has been 11(There was a half smile on his face which suggested that he______happy to have given his life for his country( A. was B. should beC. would beD. were 16 / 29 精品文档 12(We all agreed to her suggestion that we______to the Great Wall for sightseeing? A. will go B. goC. shall go D. should have gone 13(The young man insisted that he_______nothing wrong and________free. A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. do;be set D(had done;must be set 14(Without your help，I_______the exam 1ast term( A. failed in B. would have failed C. wouldn’ t pass D(would fail 15(I lost your address，otherwise I________you long before( A. had visited B. have visited C. would have visited D. should visit 练习答案 1—5(DDABA6—10(DCDDC 11—15(ABBBC 练习解析 1(本句是对过去情况的虚拟。意为:如果我们轮流 开车的话，你就不会那么累了。对过去虚拟，if条件句用过 去完成式，had driven，主句用wouldn’t have got。选D。 17 / 29 精品文档 2(It’s time+从句，从句用虚拟语气。句中动词用过去式，或用should do。选D。 3(It is+某些标志性形容词+that从句，从句用虚拟语气，动词形式为do。选A。 4(suggest，order，demand，insist等表示建议、命令、要求、坚持的词后加宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，动词形式为do。选B。 5(suggest，order，demand，insist等表示建议、命令、要求、坚持的词后加宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，动词形式为do。这里贼是“被惩罚”，要用被动式，be punished。选A。 6(If only引导的句子，对现在的情况表示虚拟，用过去时。选D。全句意为“要是我象你一样懂得怎样操作计算机就好了。” 7(as if引导状语从句，用一般过去时表示对现在情况的虚拟。选C。全句意为:当把铅笔放到一杯水中时，它看上去好像断了。broken过去分词作语，表示“断的状态”。 8(suggest，request，order，demand，insist等表示建议、命令、要求、坚持的词后加宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，动词形式为do。选D。 9(对现在情况虚拟的句子，条件句用一般过去时，be动词要用were，主句用would+动词原形。选D。 18 / 29 精品文档 10(本题考查含蓄虚拟结构。without短语相当于一个条件句if our world had no electric power(对现在或将来情况的虚拟，主句用“would+动词原形”。选C。 11(suggest在作“表明、暗示”解释时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气。选A。全句意为“他脸上微微的笑容表明他很高兴将自己的生命献给了国家。” 12(表示“建议”、“要求”、“命令”等名词后面的主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为do。题中that we(((作suggestion的同位语从句。本句中“我们”还“没有去”，不能用完成式，排除D。选B。 13(insist表示“坚持认为”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气。本句中第一个空正是这种情况。而第二个空表示“坚持要做某事”，则应该用虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为do。选B。 14(without短语相当于一个条件句“如果没有你的帮助”。从last term可以判断出，这是对过去情况的虚拟，用would have done。选B。 15(本句意为:我丢了你的地址，否则我很久前就去拜访你了。对过去情况的虚拟，用would have done。选C。 虚拟语气概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想， 而不表示客观存在的事实， 所说的是一个条件， 19 / 29 精品文档 不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分 为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。应用条件在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或 某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的 主观想法，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。在非真实条件状语从句中的用法真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表 示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 例: If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他 将错过巴士。 If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果 他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。 If I were you, I would go at once. 如果我是你， 我马上就会去。 If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。 用法及动词形式从句If+主语 +did If+ 主语+did 主语 were) 主句与现在事实相反主语+should/would/ 主语 +should/would/ could/might+do1 与过去事实相反主语+ 主语 + should/would/ If+主 If+ 主 语 +had donecould/might+have done1.If+主语 1. If+主语 +did If+ 主语+did与将来事实相反主语+should/would/ 主语 +should/would/2.If+主语. If+主语 20 / 29 精品文档 +were to If+ 主语+werecould/might+do3.If+主语. If+主 语 +should If+ 主语+should例句: 例句 :1、 表示与现 在事实相反的情况 : 表示与现在事实相反的情况: 例: 1. If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你， 我会带把伞。 .If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会 告诉你。 .If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会 有生物。.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。 .If he studied harder, he might pass the exam. 如果他再努力些，就能 通过考试了。 例:1. If I had gotten there 、表示与 过去事实相反的情况 earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 .If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如 果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。 、 表示对 将来情况的主观推测 ， 表示对将来情况的主观推测， 1.If he should come 与将来事实相反 例: here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就 跟 他谈谈。 .If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不 能去滑冰了。 .If she were to be there next Monday, I 21 / 29 精品文档 would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿 的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 有时， 虚拟条件句中 结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时， 、 有 时 ， 虚拟条件句 中 ， 结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作 若不是同时发生时 ， 虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。 虚 拟语气的形式应作相应的调整 从句的动作与过去事实相 反， 而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 ? 从句的动作与过去事实相反 ， 而主句的动作与现在或现在 正在发生的事实不符 如: If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如 果我在学校学习刻苦的 话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话， 我们现在就不会 来这里了。2 ? 从句的动作与现在事实相反， 从句的动作与现在 事实相反 ， 而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 而主句的动 作与过去事实不符 如: If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话， 我们 会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要 是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 可以省略， 、 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 were, should, had 时 ， if 可以省略 ， 这时条 倒装语序， 等词置于 句首， 件从句要用倒装语序 件从句要用 倒装语序 ， 即 22 / 29 精品文档 将 were, should, had 等词置于句首 ， 这种多用于书面 如: Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要 语。 是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意 我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我 们已经聘用他来 这里工作了。 非真实条件句中的条件从句 有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、 、 非真实条 件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来 ，只暗含在副词 、介词 短语 、上下 含蓄条件句， 文或其他方式表示出来， 这种 句子叫做含蓄条件句 在多数情况下， 文或其他方式表示出 来 ， 这种句子叫做 含蓄条件句 ， 在多数情况下 ， 条 件会暗含 在短语中， without„ for„ 在短语中 ， 如 without „ ., but for „ . 等如: But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的帮助，我 们还会在工 作呢。 Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如 此大的进步。 We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him. 我们不知 道 他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话。 有时 ，虚拟条 件句中 ， 从句可以省略其中的一个 ，、 有时，虚拟条件 句中，主 、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的一 23 / 29 精品文档 种强 烈的感情。 烈的感情 He would have finished it. 他 本该完成了。 You could have ? 省略从句 passed this exam. 你应该能通过这次考试了。 If I were at home now. 要是我现在在家里该多好啊。 If only ? 省略主句 I had got it. 要是我得到它了该多好啊。 、虚拟语气的其他用 法用在 wish 后的宾语从句a、表示与 现在 事实相反的愿 望，谓语动词用 过去式 eg. I wish I had your brains. 我 希望我有你那样的头脑。 b、表示与 过去 事实相反的愿望， 谓语动词: had+done eg: I wish I had known the truth of the matter. 我希望我原来知道这件事 的真相。 c、 表示 将来 难以实现的愿望，谓语动词: should/would + 动 词原形 eg. I wish I should have a chance again. 我希 望我还能有一次这样的机会。 也有相同用法) 二 宁 愿 三 命 令 四 建 议 五要求 insist)中 Suggest, propose) 五要求 中 ， 无 从句的谓语动词都用: 论主句谓语动词 为何种时态 ， 从句的谓语动词都用 “ should + 动词原 形 ” 或只 。 如: He suggested that we take takethe teacher’ 用 “ 动词原形 ” s advice. He insisted that we take takethe teacher’s advice. He takethe teacher’ s advice. He ordered that we demand that we take takethe teacher’s advice. take 动作才用虚拟语气; insist 如果翻译成坚持某种 动作才用虚拟语气 ; 翻译成 24 / 29 精品文档 坚持某种观点就不用虚 拟语气。 拟语气 。 如:He insist he is a student. 他坚持说他是个学生。 这个语句表 示的是事实，因此在这个语句中不能使用虚拟语气。 意为“ 才用虚拟语气， 则不用虚拟语气。 如: suggest 意为 “ 建议 ” 才用虚拟语气 ， 意为 “ 暗示 ” 则不用虚拟语气 。 His face suggests that he looks worried . 他的表情暗含着他很担心。 这 个句子本身是事实，因此它就没有用到虚拟语气。 :necessary 、 表 情 绪 . 观 点 的 形 容 词 或 名 词 也 要 用 虚 拟 语 气 . 如 :neces sary 、 important 、 impossible、natural、strange、surprising、funny、right、wrong、better、 impossible 、natural 、strange 、surprising 、funny 、right 、wrong 、better 、a pity 等。 +主语从句 should+原型 句型 : It is.......that + 主语从句 ， 从句的谓语动词都要用 should+ 原型 或只用 动词原型 。、在 even if, even though 所引导的让步状语从句中 ， 可用虚拟语气 ， 主句 、 从 在 所引导的条件从句结构相同 句结构相同。如: Even if he were here himself, 句的结构与 if 所引导的条件从 句结构相同 he should not know what to do. 即使他亲自来也不知该怎么办。 Nobody could save him even though Hua Tuo should come here. 即 使华佗在世也救不了他。 、在 whatever ， whichever ， whenever ， whoever, 25 / 29 精品文档 wherever ， however, no matter wherever， 在 whatever， whichever， whenever， wh等引导的让步状语从句中，从 句虚拟语气结构为: 指现在或将来: may wh - word 等引 导的让步状语从句中 ，从句虚拟语气结构为 : 动词原形。 如: We will finish it on time no matter what may happen. + 动词原形 不管发生什么事，我们都要按时完成。 We will find him wherever he may be. 无论他在哪里，我们都要 找到他。 I will wait for him no matter how late he may come. 不管他来的多么晚， 我都会等他。 指过去: may + 完成式 。 +完成式 如: : You mustn’t be proud whatever great progress you may have made. 不管你 取得了多么 大的进步，你也不能骄傲。 We must respect him no matter what mistakes he may have made. 不管他犯过什么错误， 我们必须尊敬他。4 、 一般 would rather, had rather, would sooner 等 之后的宾语从句常表示与客观 事实不相符的一种愿望， 事 实不相符的一种愿望 ， 故使用虚拟语气 。 其虚拟语气的 结构为 : 过去: had + 过去分词 ; 现在: 过去时 ; 将来: 过去时 如: I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你 昨天 昨天看过了 这场电影。 I’d rather you were here now. 我倒想你现在 现在在这儿。 We’ 现在 d rather you went here tomorrow. 我们倒想你明天 明天去 26 / 29 精品文档 那儿 明天、虚拟语气还可用在定语从句中 ，表示 : 早该做某事了 ”时 ，定 语从句中的谓语动 虚拟语气还可用在定语从句中， 虚拟语气还可用在定语从句中 表示: 早该做某事了” “ 词须用虚拟语气， 其虚拟语气的结构为: 词须用虚拟语气 ， 其虚拟语气的结构为 : It is time that + 主语 +过去式/ 即从句用虚拟过去式。 如 It is time 动词的 过去式 / should + 动词原形 ，即从句用虚拟过去式 that I went to pick up my daughter at school. 我该去学校接我的女儿了。 It is high time you should go to work. 你早该上班了。、简单句中的虚拟语气 简单句中的虚拟语气 说话时，为了表示客气、谦虚、委婉而有礼貌，言语常使用虚拟语气。其虚拟 语 气 的 结 构 形 式 常 为 : would / could / might / should + 动 词 原 形 。 如: Would you mind my shutting the door? 我把门关起来你介意吗, You should always learn this lesson by heart. 你要把这个教训牢记于心。 I should agree with you. 我应该同意你的观点。 表示“祝愿”时，常用 may + 主语 + 动词原形 主语+ 动词原形。 如: May you have a good journey! 祝你一路顺风。 May your youth last for ever! 祝你青 春永驻。 、 动词原形。 如: Long live the 表示强烈的“愿望” “祝愿”时，常用动词原形 动词原形 Communist Party of China. 中国共产党万岁。 God bless us. 上帝 27 / 29 精品文档 保佑。 习惯表达中常用的虚拟语气。 习惯表达中常用的 虚拟语气 。 Would you like to have a talk with us this ? 提出请求或邀请 。 如: evening? 今天晚上来跟我们 聊天好吗, Could I use your bike now? 我 可以用一下 你的单车吗, I should glad to ? 陈述自己的观点或看法 。 如: meet you. 见到你我会很高兴。 I would try my best to help you. 我 会尽力帮助你。 提出劝告或建议。 You’ better ask your father first. d ? 提出劝告或建议 如: 你最好先问一问你的父亲。 You should make a full investigation of it first. 你应该先全面调查一番。 Do you think he could get here ? 提出问题 。如: on time? 你认为他能按时来吗, Do you expect he would tell us the truth? 你期望他会告诉我们真相吗, ? 表示对过 去情况的责备时 ， 常用虚拟语气 。 其如: You should have 虚拟语气的结构为: 虚拟语气的结构为 :情态动词 + have + 过去分词 。 got here earlier. 你应该早就到这 里了。 You should have returned it to him. 你应该把 它还给他了。省略的虚拟条件句型省略连词 if有时可将条 件从句的连词 if 省略，但此时应用倒装句型，即将从句中 的 were, should, had 等提到句首: Were I Tom, I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆，我会 拒绝。 I will go, should it be necessary. 假若有必要，我会去的。 Had it not been 28 / 29 精品文档 for the bad weather we would have arrived in time. 若不是天气 坏，我们就准时到达了。5 29 / 29