情态动词句子练习题

情态动词句子练习题 精品文档 情态动词句子练习题 have kept his promise. I wonder why he changed his idea. A. must B. should C. needD. would 解析:选B. “should have +过去分词” 表示“过 去本来应该做某事”; keep one’s promise 意为“信守诺言”。 not find the exact time. A. could; could B. might; could C. should; could D. should; would 解析:选A.“ could have+过去分词表示过去本来应 该做某事”。 more careful. A. may be B. had to C. would be D. should have been 解析:选D. “You should have been more careful”. 意为:你本来应该更细心的。 4(be at home now, because he was seen playing basketball in the stadium just now. A. mustn’t B. needn’tC. can’t D. shouldn’t 解析:选C. can’t be at home 意为:不可能在家。 5(---I can’t understand why our boss is late. 1 / 40 精品文档 the early bus. A. could missB. may have missed C. can have missed D. might miss 解析:选B. “may have+过去分词”表示对过去动作 的判断，意为:可能做了某事。 注意:can表示可能时，只 能用于疑问句和反问句。 6. She didn’t answer the phone, she ______ asleep. A. may be B. must be C. should have been D. must have been 解析:选D. 表示:对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。 7(The little girl’s eyes were red. She ______. A. may cry B. must cry C. must be cried D. must have been crying 解析:选D. 意为:她刚才肯定一直在哭。对过去某 事正发生的推测。 8(He______ his supper now, for the dining hall is still closed. A. can’t be having B. needn’t be having C. mustn’t be havingD. shouldn’t be having 解析:选A. 对现在正在发生的事情的否定推测。 9(I parked my bike behind the building, but now 2 / 40 精品文档 it is gone. It ________ . A. may be stolen B. must be stolen C. must have been stolen D. must have stolen 解析:选C. 对过去发生的事情 的肯定推测的被动 式。 10. ______ Mr. Black_______go to work by ferry before the bridge was built? A. Did; used toB. Use; to C. Did; use to D. Does; use to 解析:选C. used to do的疑问式，可以是Used+主 语+to do ?或Did +主语+use to do? 11. The hotel is only a stone’s throw away, you ______ take a bus. A. need not toB. not need toC. don’t needD. need not 解析:选D. 说话人认为不必要乘车, need 为情态动 词。 12. I am busy now, _______ my brother do it for you ? A. WillB. ShallC. MustD. May 解析:选B. 在疑问句中shall 用于第三人称，也表 示征求意见。 3 / 40 精品文档 13. ---You needn’t do it right now, need you? ---Yes I am afraid I ______ . A. needB. needn’t C. mustD. mustn’t 解析:选C. Yes的意思是:不。意为:恐怕我必须 现在就做。 14.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared . Who _____ have taken it? A. should B. mustC. couldD. would 解析:选C. could/can have done 用于否定推测和 疑问推测。 15. ---The room is so dirty._______ we clean it? ----Of course. A( WillB. ShallC. Would D. Do 解析:选B. shall 用在疑问句中，常用于第一，三 人称， 表示征求意见或请求指示。 16. If you have something important to do, you ______ waste any time. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. won’ t 解析:选B. 根据句意用mustn’t 17. If you want to borrow a football after school, your student card______ here. 4 / 40 精品文档 A. has to leave B. must leave C. has to be left D. must be left 解析:选C. have to 表示客观需要，must表示主观 需要。学生证必须放在此是客观需要。 18. “ Did you scold him for his carelessness?” “Yes, but _____ it” A. I’d rather not doB. I’d rather not have done C. I shouldn’t doD. I’d better not do 解析:选B. would rather 加完成时表示对完成了的 或过去了的事情的态度。意为:当时是不情愿做的。 19. “ Don’t get near to it . It is too dangerous!” “_______” . A. Yes, I won’t B. No, I don’tC. No, I can’ t D. No, I won’t 解析:选D. A为错误的表达方式;B和C没有直接回 答对方的问候。 20. He must be in the classroom, _______ he? A. mustn’t B. can’tC. isn’t D.can 解析:选C. 对表否定的must进行反意疑问时，要用 句子的实义动词 21. He________ be in the garden. He must be in 5 / 40 精品文档 the room. A. can’tB. mustn’t C. will notD. may not 解析:选A. 否定推测用can’t不用mustn’t 22. “Do you have to leave now?” “I am very sorry, but I really______.” A. can’tB. haveC. should D. must 解析:选D. 回答have to 的疑问句用must作肯定 回答。 23. “Let’s go to the library, shall we?” “_________?” A. No, I can’tB. Yes, I will C. Yes , thank you D. No, we’d better not 解析:选D. A,B,C都 不能回答shall we, 此处D的语气比较婉转客气。 24. “Can I take it away?” “ You ______ better not.” A. should B. couldC. would D. had 解析:选D. had better 与不带to 的不定式构成谓 语，可以变成疑问句:Hadn’t you better---- 25. You _______ have brought your camera. They all had theirs with them. A. couldn’tB. needn’t C. wouldn’tD. mustn’ 6 / 40 精品文档 t 解析:选B. 本来不必要做某事. 26. See who is there!______it be May? A. MayB. MustC. CanD. Will 解析:选C. 表推测时A，B都用作疑问句。 27. John______ be a basketball player. He is much too short. A. mayB. mustn’tC. can’tD. should 解析:选C. 断然的不定推测用can’t 28. The Chinese teacher looks so pale. She ______ be ill. A. mustB. mustn’t C. canD. need 解析:选A. 表示有把握的肯定推测用must 29. Something______to save our earth. Do you think so? A. can doB. must doC. has to doD. must be done 解析:选D. “something must be done” 意为:必 须采取措施。 30. Look at what you have done! You ______ be more careful. A. ought B. canC. wouldD. should 解析:选D. ought 后应用to 7 / 40 精品文档 31. — Has Li Lin started? He said he would join in the party. — He ______. He is a man of keeping his word. A. could have left B. must have left C. can’t come D. won’t be coming 解析:B。从He is a man of keeping his word中 可以看出，李林肯定已经出发来参加聚会了，这是对已经发 生的事情非常肯定的推测，故用must have done。注意must 表推测时，不能用于否定句和疑问句中。 32. — May I park my car here? — No, you ______. No car is allowed to park here. A. may not B. needn’t C. mustn’tD. daren’t 解析:C。此题考查以情态动词提问的一般疑问句的 回答。在英语中，以某些情态动词提问的句子，出于礼貌委 婉或句意的需 要，回答时，要换用另一个情态动词。在回 答must开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答 用needn’t或don’t have to;在回答may开头的一般疑 问句时，肯定回答用may，否定回答用mustn’t;在回答need 开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’ t。 33. — Excuse me, could you tell me where the Yajia Supermarket is? 8 / 40 精品文档 — It’s two blocks straight ahead. You ______ miss it. A. mustn’tB. can’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t 解析:B。根据题意，此处需要表示“推测”的否定 结构，故can’t为正确 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 。4. A。这是一个省略句，couldn’ t have done表示对过去发生的动作的否定推测，意为“不 可能„„”。 34. — I saw Mr. Sun at Tongyu Station this morning. — You ______. He’s still on holiday in Hawaii. A. couldn’t haveB. mustn’t have C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 解析:A。这是一个省略句，couldn’t have done表 示对过去发生的动作的否定推测，意为“不可能„„”。 35. — How about paying a visit to Dr. Wang, our former Chinese teacher? — Good idea. I will e-mail him today so that he ______ know ______ to expect us. A. shall; whyB. could; when C. would; what D. will; how 解析:B。这是一个综合题。本题so that后的目的 状语从句中的谓语动词要用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。 9 / 40 精品文档 When to expect us表示“我们什么时候可到达”。“疑问 词+不定式”结构在句中作know的宾语。 36. Everything has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, ______ be just noise to others. A. mustB. mayC. shouldD. could 解析:B。由sometimes可知，此处应用表示可能性 不大的情态动词，即may。 37. Someone ______ my umbrella. I found it wet yesterday. A. must be usingB. must have used C. must use D. must have been using 解析:B。由后句可知，这是对过去发生的事情的肯 定推测，故B项正确。 38. — How dangerous it was! — Yes, but for the passer-by’s quick action, the girl ______. A. was drowned B. could have been drowned C. had drowned D. should be drowned 解析:B。but for的意思是“要不是”，语法功能上 等同于if 引导的否定虚拟条件句，因前句中How dangerous it was可知应与过去事实相反。 39. You ______ scold such a pupil who always keeps 10 / 40 精品文档 silent so seriously that you ______ hurt him. A. should; can B. may; will C. mustn’t; may D. can’t; must 解析:C。mustn’t表示“不准许”，may表示可能 性，所以C正确。 40. — Why does Alice know so much about Angkor Wat? — She ______ have been there, or ... A. mustB. oughtn’t toC. may D. can’t 解析:C。句意:她或许到过那里，或者„„。or ... 是重要的信息，说明还有其他的可能性。A的说法太绝对， 与or ... 提供的信息冲突。 41. — You may laugh, but I’ve been thinking of becoming a vegetarian.— Oh, you ______ be crazy. You will be hungry all the time. A. must B. may C. will D. need 解析:A。must表示的把握最大，may表示有可能， need不表示推测，will表示将来。根据句意可知A正确， 表明对对方的不理解和责备，语气比较坚决。 42. — What’s the matter with you? — Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried fish just now. 11 / 40 精品文档 A. shouldn’t eatB. mustn’t have eaten C. shouldn’t have eatenD. mustn’t eat 解析:C。shouldn’t have done 表示“本不该做„„， 但实际上却做了”。 43. — ______ he have been chosen as captain of the football team? — Yes, he ______. A. Can; must have B. Must; must have C. Can; mustD. Must; must 解析:A。疑问句中可以用can, 肯定句用must。 44. Mr. Zhang ______ in Shanghai tomorrow morning. A. can have arrived B. will have arrived C. may have arrived D. must have arrived 解析:B。will + have done，表示对将来必然进程 的猜测。 45. Miss Wang started at o’clock, and she ______ be there now. A. should B. can C. can’t D. need 解析:A。should 表示主观性猜测，译为“应该”。 46. — It must be Mr. Li who did it. — No, it ______ be Mr. Li. A. mustn’t B. wouldn’t C. can’t D. may 12 / 40 精品文档 解析:C, can’t 表示否定的猜测，侧重于主观判断， 译为“决不会;不可能”。 47. You ______ finish reading the book as soon as possible. A. may B. can C. need D. should 解析:D。should表示劝告某人应该做某事。 48. — Need you go to work now? — Yes, I ______. A. must B. need C. can D. dare 解析:A。need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答应用must。 49. Your trousers are dirty. ______ them for you? A. Shall I washB. Will I wash C. Am I going to wash D. Am I washing 解析:A。Shall I ... ,是征求对方意见时常用的 句型。 50. You are late for school today. You ______ to school earlier. A. ought to come B. should have come C. ought have comeD. should come 解析:B。should have done表示“过去某件事应该 做而实际上没有做”，此处含有责备之意，也可用ought to have come。 13 / 40 精品文档 51. We must learn from Lei Feng, ______ we? A. may B. can’t C. don’t D. needn’t 解析:D。反意疑问句中，当must作“必须”解时， 可以用needn’t / mustn’t构成附加疑问句。 52. She must be hungry, ______ she? A. isn’t B. needn’t C. doesn’t D won’t 解析:A。反意疑问句中，陈述部分的must表示对现 在情况推测时，附加疑问句中通常依据must后面的动词形 式确定助动词。 53. He ought to come here early, ______ he? A. would B. should C. didn’t D. shouldn’t 解析:D。反意疑问句中，陈述部分的谓语有ought to 时，附加疑问句中应用shouldn’t 或oughtn’t。 54. You used to smoke, ______ you? A. used to B. don’t C. didn’t D. shouldn’t 解析:C。反意疑问句中，陈述部分的谓语有used to 时，附加疑问句中应用didn’t 或 usedn’t。 55. You ought ______ for what you haven’t done. A. not to be punished B. not be punished C. to not punished D. to not be punished 解析:A。ought to 的否定式是ought not to。 14 / 40 精品文档 56. ______ you please tell me the way to the post office? A. Must B. Need C. Would D. Should 解析:C。Would you please ... ,是向对方提出请 求或询问时常用的婉转而有礼貌的句型。27. A。主语是第 三人称时，shall表示说话人给对方的“允诺;命令;指示; 意愿”。 57. I’m sure he ______ have the computer sooner or later. A. shall B. can C. must D. would 解析:C。Would you please ... ,是向对方提出请 求或询问时常用的婉转而有礼貌的句型。 58. It is important that we ______ learn how to drive. A. have to B. should C. need D. shall 解析:B。在It is important / impossible / necessary that ... 句型中，that从句的谓语用 “ 动词原形”。 59. It has been announced that candidates _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. A. can B. will C. may D. shall 15 / 40 精品文档 解析:D。在规章中告诫应考者，在收完所有 试卷 云南省高中会考试卷哪里下载南京英语小升初试卷下载电路下试卷下载上海试卷下载口算试卷下载 前 “必须”留在教室里。 60. How _______ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only a part of the article? A. can B. must C. needD. may 解析:A。can 在疑问句中，表示疑惑、怀疑，根据 情况可译作“能、可以”等。 61. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She _____ at the meeting. A. mustn’t have spoken B. shouldn’t have spoken C. needn’t have spoken D. couldn’t have spoken 解析:D. must表示推测时不用于否定句;shouldn’ t have done sth. 表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”; needn’t have done sth. 表示“本来不必做某事而实际上 做了”;couldn’t have done sth. 表示“不可能做过某 事”。根据题意，选D。 62. One ought _____ for what one hasn’t done. A. not to be punished B. to not be punished C. to not punished D. not be punished 解析:A. 情态动词ought 后要接带to的不定式， ought to do 的否定式是ought not to do，所以答案是A。 16 / 40 精品文档 63. If you really want yourself to be in good health, you must ___ always ___ so much. A. not; be smoking B. not; have smoked C. not; to smokeD. be not; smoking 解析:A. must not always be doing sth. 表示“不 要老是做谋事”，含有埋怨、指责、反感等感情色彩。 64. With so much work on hand, you _____ to see the game last night. A. mustn’t go B. shouldn’t go C. couldn’t have goneD. shouldn’t have gone 解析:D. 题中的A项和B项都指现在情况;couldn’ t have gone表示“不可能去过”;shouldn’t have gone 表示“本不应该去而实际上去了”。根据题意，选D。 65. Most of the students felt rather disappointed at the English party. They say that it ______ better organized. A. had been B. had to be C. must have been D. could have been 解析:D. could have done sth. 表示“本来能够做 某事而实际上未能做成”。 66. I’m surprised that he _____ in the exam. A. should fail B. would have failed 17 / 40 精品文档 C. may have failed D. should have failed 解析:D. should可用于表示惊奇、感叹、不满等感 情色彩的句子，如指过去的动作，则要用should have done sth. Would 和 may 通常不带感情色彩。 67. The little girl _____ there alone. A. not dare goB. dares not goC. dare not go D. dare not to go 解析:C. 题中的dare是情态动词，后接不带to的 不定式，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。 68. “Must we do it now?” “No, you _____.” 1. I _____ like someone to take me to the theatre. A. will B. mayC. would D. shall 答:C。would like to...为固定用法，表示“宁愿”。 2. You’re late. You __________ here earlier. A. should come B. ought to come C. should have come D. ought have come should have done 本应该做但实际上没有做到的事 答:C。needn’t have done本来不必做但实际上做 了的事 oughm’t to have done本不该做但实际上做了的事 could have done本来能做但役有做的事 18 / 40 精品文档 这类结构通常表示责备、埋怨或遗憾的语气。 3. I thought you ________like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. could D. must 答:B。thought为过去式，must没有过去式，could 一般只用于疑问或否定句中表示推测。 4. There was plenty of time. She_______. A. mustn’t have hurried B. couldn’t have hurried C. must not hurry D. needn’t have hurried 答:D。 needn’t have done 本不必做但实际上做 了的事 7. The plant is deaD. I________ it more water. A. will give B. would have given C. must giveD. should have given 答:D。 should have done 本应做但实际上没有做 的事 6. You___________ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. can’tB. mustn’ C. needn’tD. may not 19 / 40 精品文档 答:C。needn’t表示“不必”。从后一句可判断出 C项。 7. Where is my pen? I________it. A. might loseB. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost 答:D。在使用情态动词表示推测用法时，首先应掌 握其推测用法的基本句式:can主要用于疑问或否定句中表 示推测;may常用于肯定或否定句中表示推测;must用于肯 定句中表示推测。 can 一般式对现在情况的推测 may +不定式 完成式 对过去情况的推测 must 进行式 想必正在做 完成进行式 想必一直在做 8. I didn’t hear the phone. I___________ asleep. A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been 答:B。从句子的时态didn’t hear可判断出B项。 9. He _______ you more help, even though he was very busy. A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give 答:A。此题相当于 If you had asked him for help, 20 / 40 精品文档 he might have given you more helpo 10. —Could 1 borrow your dictionary? ______ Yes, of course you__________. A. might B. will C. can D. should 答:C。could，might，would用来提问时，表示语气 婉转的，客气。因此，用can，may或will来回答。如: ? —Might 1 sit here? —Yes, you may. ? —Would you remember me to your parents? —Thank you. I will. 11. If you go from Changehun to Beijing, you ________ a passport. A. needn’t B. don’t need C. needn’t to haveD. oughtn’t need 答:B。情态动词有三个特点;?不能单独做谓语 ? 设有人称和数的变化 ?接省去to的动词不定式。 12. You have to get there before eight o’clock. You __________ now. A. need go B. need to go C. need have goneD. need to have gone 答:B。need做情态动词用时，仅用于疑问或否定句 中。 21 / 40 精品文档 13. A computer__________ think for itself~ it must be told what to do. A. can’tB. couldn’t C. may not D. might not 答:A。can表示“能力”。 14. —Shall we go skating or stay at home? —Which _______do yourself? A. do you rather B. would you rather C. will you rather D. should you rather 答:B。 would rather do 宁愿做 15. Tom ought not to _______ me your secret, but he meant no harm. A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told 答:A。ought not to have done 本不应该做但实际 上做了的事 16. The new airport___________ if they had not stopped working on it. A. would complete B. had been completed C. had completed D. would have been completed 答:D。从句为过去完成时，主句应用“would+现在 22 / 40 精品文档 完成式”，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。 17. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She___________ at the meeting. A. mustn’t have spoken B, shouldn’t have spoken C. needn’t have spoken D. couldn’t have spoken 答:D。表示“一定不”，应用couldn’t。must仅 用于肯定句中表示推测，故排除A项。 18. Peter _____ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet. A. must B. mayC. can D. will 答:B。从后一句 he isn’t very sure yet 可判断 B项，may可能。 19. —Shall I tell John about it? —No, you ________. I’ve told him already. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 答:A。从后一句“我已经告诉他了”可判断“不 必”。 20. —Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. 23 / 40 精品文档 —_________. A. I don’t B. I won’t C. I can’t D. I haven’t 答:B。I won’t. 我不会忘。 21. —There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. —It ________ a comfortable journey. A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have beenD. couldn’t have been 答:D。从题干中的时态可判断出是对过去情况的推 测。 22. One ought ______ for what one hasn’t done. A. not to be punishedB. to not be punished C. to not punishedD. not be punished 答:A。ought to的否定式为 ought not too 23. That young man has made so much noise that he _________ not have been allowed to attend the concert. A. couldB. must C. wouldD. should 答:D。should not have done 本不该做但实际上做 了的事 24 / 40 精品文档 14. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack ________ be here at any moment. A. must B. needC. should D. can 答:C。只要抓住nearly这个信息词和后面at any moment 这个信息词语就可以选出C项。 at any moment 相 当于 very soon now。 25. Johnny, you ______ play with the knife, or you ______ hurt yourself. A. won’t, can’t B. mustn’t, may C. shouldn’t, mustD. can’t, shouldn’t 答:B。 mustn’t 表示不应该，may可能。其他选项 与句意不符。 116. The fire spread throughout the hotel very quickly but everyone___________ get out. A. had to B. would C. couldD. was able to 答:D。can表示“能力”。如:He can speak three foreign languages.他能说三门外语。 He can drive a car. 他能开车。be able to 表示“经过努力能够„„”。 27. —When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. —They___________ be ready by 12: 00. 25 / 40 精品文档 A. can B. should C. might D. need 答:B。should在此题中意为 be expected to. 28. —Will you stay for lunch? —Sorry, ___________. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustn’t B. I can’t C. I needn’t D. I won’t 答:B。根据My brother is coming to see me 这一 信息可判断出B项。 29. —Must I go there right now? —No, you_____. A. don’t need B. mustn’t C. don’t have toD. hadn’t better 答:C。用must来提问的句子，肯定回答用must，否 定回答用 needn’t或 don’t have to的形式。 30. We ______ last night, but we went to the concert instead. A. must have studied B. might study C. should have studied D. would study 答:C。should have done本应该做但事实上没有做 的事 31. —I stayed at a hotel in New York. 26 / 40 精品文档 —Oh, did you? You_______ with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed 答:A。此题属于情态动词在交际语言中的具体运用。 由题干中did you?这一信息句可知是一个表示疑问的句子， 而D项是表示对过去事实的肯定推测，故排除D项。 32. Sorry, I’m late. l___________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A. mightB. should C. can D. will 答:A。B项 should have done表示本该做但事实上 未做的事。若实际上没关掉 a-lama clock, 就不会造成 l’ m late.因此，B项与题意不符。 33. —Are you coming to Jeff’s party? I’m not sure. I______ go to the concert instead. A. must B. wouldC. should D. might 答:D。might表示可能性，因前边已提过 I’m not sure. 34. I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. ______ I have a look? A. Do B. May C. ShallD. Should 答:B。may表示征求对方的许可。 35. I was really anxious about you. You ______ home without a word. 27 / 40 精品文档 A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave 答:B。从题章分析，对方没有打招呼就走了。 shouldn’t have done本不该做但实际上做了的事。 36. Susan ______ written a report like this. A. can have B. mustn’t have C. can’t haveD. ought to not have 答:C。D项语序不对，应改为 ought not to have。 37. I wonder how he_______ that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say 答:D。dare既是实义动词又是情态动词。dare为实 义动词应是dared to say，用胜实义动词时有人称和数的变 化。若选A项，应为he dares to say，若用做情态动词， 没有人称和数的变化，dared为dare的过去式。 38. When he was there, he ___________go to that coffee shop at the corner after work ew ery day. A. would B. should C. had better D. might 答:A。would表示过去总是或习惯的动作 39. Children at the beginning of this century _______ a lot and ________ themselves greatly even 28 / 40 精品文档 without television. A. used to read, enjoying B. used to read, enjoyed C. were used to reading, enjoy D. were used to read, enjoying 答:B。used to表示“过去经常”，and 并列两谓语。 40. If you really want yourself to be in good health, you must_______ always _________ so much. A. not, be smoking B. not, have smoked C. not, to smoke D. be not, smoking 答:A。always与进行时连用可表示一种感情色彩， 可以表示夸奖，赞美或不耐烦的语气。如: He is always thinking of others.他总是想着别人。 He is always working hard. 他总是勤奋工作。 He is always asking questions like that. 他总 是问那样的问题。 41. Michael ___________ be a policeman, for he’ s much too short. A. needn’t B. can’t C. shouldD. may 答:B。can’t表示“一定不”，从后一句可做出推 断。 29 / 40 精品文档 42. Jack _________ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me. A. mustn’t have arrived 情态动词专项练习 情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 考点一:can，may，must等情态动词在陈述句中的用法: 1. can的用法: .表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may和must均不可代替它。如:She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。 .表示许可，常在口语中。如:You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 .表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t译为“不可能”。如:Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗,—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗,—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在 30 / 40 精品文档 游览长城呢。 —I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.—No. She __be there, I have just been there. 根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知，应为“不可能”， can’t表示推测[答案] 2. could的用法: .can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力。 如:He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。 . could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me 你能帮我个忙吗, —Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?—Yes, you can.可以。 3. may的用法: .表示请求、许可，比can正式，如:May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗,You may go home now.现在 你可以回家了。 —_______ I borrow your MP3?—Sure . Here you are. A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would 在此处表示请求，意为“做„„可以吗”。 答案:A .表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一 31 / 40 精品文档 般用于肯定句中。如:It may rain tomorrow .明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢. .may的过去式为might，表示推测时。可能性低于may。如:He is away from school. He might - 1 - be sick. 他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。 . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如:May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福～May you succeed～祝你成功～ 4. must的用法: .must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。如:You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。Must I hand in my homework right now?我必须现在交作业吗, 对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答或don’t have to .如:—Must I finish my homework? 我现在必须完成作业吗 must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。 32 / 40 精品文档 注意其反意问句的构成形式: 当must表示肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要 用实际问句的助动词来构成。如:She must have seen the film before, hasn’t she?You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，didn’t you? 5. need的用法: .need表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，， 意为“没有必要，不必”。用need提问时，肯定回答don’ t have to。如:—Need I stay here any longer? 我还有 必要留在这儿吗,—Yes, you must .是的。—No. you needn’ t /don’t have to.不，你不必。 .need还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的 变化，如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。如:I need to do it right now.我需要马上做这件事。He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那个女孩。 如果是物作主语，一般用need doing与need to be done这种情况下应注意两点: ?.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义;?.该 动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不 变。例如:. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted.那扇门需要油漆一下。Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired.你的车需要 33 / 40 精品文档 维修了。 7. shall的用法: shall表示征求对方意见，如:Shall we go out for a walk?我们出去散步好吗, 在英语中，我们可以用其他多种方式提出我们的建议 或征求对方意见。 .用“Let’s do...”来提出建议。如:Let’s go for a walk after supper. - - .用“What/How about...?”来提出建议;about后接 名词或动词ing形式。如:What about/How about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us? .用“Why not...?”来提出建议，表示“何不??”not面后接动词原形。“Why not...?”实际上是“Why don’t you/we...?”的简略形式。如:Why not meet at the school gate at eight? Why don’t we stay here another day? .用“Would you like...?”来提出建议，意思是“你想要??吗?”Would you like后可接名词或不定式。如:Would you like a cup of tea? Would you like to go and see her? 因此，如果我们说:“去游泳好吗?”英语中可有这 样几种表达法:Shall we go for a swim? Let’s go for a swim，shall we? What about/How about going swimming? 34 / 40 精品文档 Why not go for a swim? Would you like to go for a swim? What do you think of going for a swim? 8. should的用法: .should意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、义务、 责任等。如:We should protect the environment.我们应 该保护环境。 Should have done表示对过去动作的责备、批评。如: You should have finished your homework. 你应该已经完成作业了。 9. will的用法: will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。如: I will help you if I’m free this afternoon.今天下午 如果我有空，我就会帮你。 注意: 1、will在there be句型中的形式及其句式变换。 由于“一般将来时”的结构可以用“will+动词原 形”来表示，所以there be句型的一般将来时的形式就是 there will be。例如:There are many students in our school.?There will be many students in our school. There will be a sports meeting next week.一定不能说: There will have a sports meeting next week. 2、will与be going to do something区别: 35 / 40 精品文档 ?. be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表示的将来时间则较远一些，如:He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. ?. be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die.He will be twenty years old. ?. be going to含有“计划，准备”的意思，而will 则没有这个意思，如:She is going to lend - - us her book. He will be here in half an hour. ?.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to,而多用will,如:If any beasts comes at you, I’ll stay with you and help you. 10. had better的用法: had better意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后面接 不带to的不定式，其否定形式为:had better not。如: We had better go now.我们最好现在就走。You had better not give the book to him.你最好不要把这本书给 他。 考点二:含有情态动词的疑问句的回答: 36 / 40 精品文档 1.对may引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式:Yes,you may. Yes, of course. Yes, certainly. Sure . No, you can’t. 2.对must引出的疑问句，回答方式为:Yes, „must. No,„don’t have to. 3.could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a 你能帮我个忙 吗,—Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?—Yes, you can.可以。 4. shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方 意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种: Yes, please. All right. No, thank you. 5.would you„的回答方式有以下几种:Yes, I will. Sure . All right/ OK/ With pleasure. Certainly. Yes, please. —Would you do me ass on my thanks to Lily?—________. A.That’s right B.With pleasure D.No trouble A.意为“对了”，B.意为“乐意效劳”, C.意为“没 关系” D.意为“不费事”。答案:B 考点三:不同情态动词 的否定意义也不同: 1..can’t可译为“不会”，如:I can’t play 37 / 40 精品文档 basketball.我不会打篮球。 当句子表推测时，用can’t表达不可能，如:He can’t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.他不可能病了，他正和Tom下棋呢。 can’t还可用来回答“ May I „? ”这样的问句。如:May I come in ? 我可以进来吗,No, you can’t.不，你不能。 - - can’t还可用于固定习语中。can’t help doing禁不住，情不自禁 can’t wait to do something迫不及待地要做? 如:She can’t help crying.她不禁大哭起来。 The children can’t wait to open the box.孩子们迫不及待地想打开盒子。 2. may的否定式为may not，译成“可能不”，如:He may not be at home.他也许不在家。 考点四:情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为:情态动词+ be + done 。做题时要兼顾情态动词和被动语态这两个方面。She should speak to her mother in that way.她不应该用那种方式和妈妈说话。More and more trees must be planted in China.在中国必须种植更多的树木。Many of the stars 38 / 40 精品文档 can not be seen because they are far away from us.很 多星星我们都看不到，因为它们离我们太远了。 考点五:情态动词表示推测的用法: 一、“情态动词+动词原形”表示对现在的推测。 1、can表示推测时一般用于否定句或疑问句。如:That man can,t be her husbandshe is still single. Who is knocking at the door? Can it be the postman? 2、must表示肯定的推测，一般用于肯定句中。如: He must be in his office now.Mr Li must be working now， for the lights in his office are still on. 3、might表示推测时不一定是may的过去时，只是表 示其可能性较小。如:The man may be the headmaster. —Where is Mr Li?—He might be working in his office. —May Mr Li come?—He might not come here. 4、Could表示推测时，语气can比要弱，说话者留有 余地。如:—Could it be an animal?—It could not be， because it is not moving. 5、Should表示推测的可能性比较大，仅比must的可 能性小一点。如:It is already 10 o’clock now they should be there. 易混点一: can和be able to: 39 / 40 精品文档 两者表示能力时用法相同，但can只有原形“can”和过去式“could”两种形式，在其他时态中要用be able to来表示。另外be able to常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。如:Jim can’t speak English.吉姆不会说英语。He could speak English at.他五岁时就会 - - 40 / 40