常见不及物动词搭配2016

一、接不定式(而不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 请求做某事care to do sth. 想要做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某事expect to do sth. 期待做某事fear to do sth. 害怕做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事manage to do sth. 设法做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事 注:有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式,不接动名词: aim to do sth. 打算做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事long to do sth. 渴望做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 跟介词搭配的不及物动词 count on 依靠embark on上路gamble on以……打赌insist on坚持……rely on依靠 theorize on 对……推理,对……建立理论harp on 老提到……calculate on 指望,依靠concentrate on 集中到……depend on依靠reckon on盼望,指望……account for 说明,解释……answer for回答……apologize for为……道歉suffer for为……受苦pay for 为……付钱look for 寻找atone for补偿,赔偿make up for补偿stand for代 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf compensate for 补偿abstain from 有意回避,弃权desist from 停止refrain from抑制,忍住shrink from 回避suffer from 受苦,患病benefit from 获益于flinch from 退缩escape from 从……逃开approve of 同意boast of 吹牛consist of 由……组成despair of 失望dream of 梦想做某事repent of 忏悔,懊悔believe in 相信……persevere in 坚持……revel in 陶醉,着迷于……succeed in 在某方面成功delight in 为……高兴join in 加入……participate in 参加……persist in 坚持……specialize in 专门从事某事,在某方面专长aim at 瞄准于……chafe at 恼怒,不满frown at 向……皱眉头scowl at 沉下脸……,对……皱眉laugh at 嘲笑smile at向……微笑work at 从事于……,用功于……look at 看着……attend to 参加……certify to 证明 住所证明下载场所使用证明下载诊断证明下载住所证明下载爱问住所证明下载爱问 ……allude to 暗示……confess to 承认……descend to 下降到……object to 反对……react to 对某事作出反应refer to 提到……resort to 求助,采用……see to 检查……submit to 提交……testify to 表明,说明……turn to 转向……fall to 下跌,减弱 在英语错误中,“及物动词+介词+宾语”(transitive verb+preposition+object),是常见的一种。所谓及物动词,就是谓语动词(predicative verb),不必通过介词引荐宾语。相反的,不及物动词(intransitive verb)是不带宾语的。有许多动词,虽然性质是及物的,但不一定要有宾语,如下列的①a和②a便是这种情形: ①a. We study every day. ①a. We study every day. b. Do you study English every day. ②a. Please write clearly next time. b. Can you write your composition now? 如果本质上就是不及物动词,就不会有宾语;若要宾语,就要借介词之助,一起连用才行(不及物动词+宾语+介词),如③b和④b;③a和④a是错的; *③a. The children are listening the music. b. The children are listening to the musi c. *④a. She is laughing the crippled man. b. She is laughing at the crippled man. 反之,及物动词不必靠介词,就可以带宾语,如上述的①b和②b ,又如⑤和⑥: ⑤John is giving a book to me. ⑥Who will answer this question? 如果无意中把介词加上,就错了,如: *⑦Who will answer to this question? 下列这句从房地产广告中看到的句子,也犯了同样的错: “We have many buyers awaiting for available units here.” “Awaiting”是个及物动词,后面的介词“for”是多余的,要去掉;不然把“awaiting”改为“waiting for”也行。 许多人习惯上喜欢把介词加到及物动词后面,然后才带出宾语。最常见的是“emphasize/stress on/upon”和“discuss about”,如: ⑧Singaporeans seem to have emphasized on material gains. ⑨In our education system, we stress upon examination results. ⑩World leaders spent a lot of time discussing about worsening economic problems. 显然的,这三句里的介词“on/upon”和“about”是多余的,不必要的。 下面是些类似的错误: ●The young must obey to their elders. ●Do not approach to that odd-looking man. ●The audience attacked on the rude speaker. ●Nothing can escape from his parents' eyes. ●Do you hope to serve for your nation? ●When did Susan marry with Paul? 介词“to, on, from, for, with”都要去掉才对。 为什么会有这些错误呢?主因是分不清楚及物动词和不及物动词的性质。其次,就是对同一个动词 及其名词的句型有些混淆。解决之道有二。第一,要把“及物动词+宾语”和“不及物动词+介词+宾语”划分清楚,如: I did not answer him./ I did not reply to him. He reached Londan yesterday./ He arrived in London yesterday. 第二,把及物动词转化为名词,然后加上适当的介词和宾语,如: Don't approach such a person. Is oral practice a good approach to language teaching? when, while, as的用法区别 三者可表示“当……时候”,区别如下: (1)若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作,从句表示的是一个持续性动作,三者都可用: He fell asleep when [while, as] he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。 【注】as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在……期间”时,其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作(action)和发展(development) 意味的动词,一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等),所以下面一句中的while 不能换为as: A:I’m going to the post office. 我要去邮局。 B:While you’re there, can you get me some stamps? 当你在邮局时,能帮我买几张邮票吗? (2)若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作,且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间,通常要用while: Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃饭时不要说话。 I kept silent while he was writing. 在他写的时候,我默不作声。 但是,若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边…一边”之意思,通常用as: She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。 (3)若从句是一个短暂性动作,主句是一个持续性动作,可用as / when 但不用while: It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。 (4)若主从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作,用as / when: I thought of it just when [as] you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候,我也想到了。 (5)若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况,相当于汉语的“随着”,一般用as: Things are getting better and better as time goes on. 随着时间的推移,情况越来越好。 As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚,天气越冷。 (6)表示“每当…的时候”(暗示一种规律性),一般要用when: It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。 He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。 (7)若主从句所表示的动作不是同时发生,而是有先后顺序时,一般要用when: I will go home when he comes back. 他回来时,我就回家去。 (8) when 可用作并列连词,表示“这时(突然)”;while 也可以用作并列连词,表示“而”、“却”(表示对比);但as 则没有类似用法: We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要出发,这时天开始下雨了。 He likes coffee, while she likes tea. 他喜欢咖啡,而她却喜欢茶。 (9) as 后可直接跟一个名词,构成省略句,但while, when 很少这样用: As [When] a boy, he lived in Japan. 他小时候在日本。 (10) when 和while 后可接现在分词、介词短语、形容词等构成省略句,但as 一般不这样用: When [While] reading, he fell asleep. 他看书时睡着了。 When [While] in trouble, ask her for help. 遇到麻烦的时候你就去找她帮忙。 When\while\as\just as的用法 1. 当从句中的谓语动词是持续性的动作时,我们可以用while, when或as。 While / When / As I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the bank.我顺着马路往前走时,发现银行门前停着一辆警车。 2. 当从句中的谓语动词表示瞬间动作时,不可用while。 He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他正要走,这时有人敲门。 3. 如果谈论两个长动作,最常用的是while。 While John was sitting biting his nails, I was working out a plan to get us home. 约翰坐在那里咬指甲时,我想出了一个回家的办法。 不过, as是可以用来说明两种正在发展或变化的情况的,这时as引导一个持续性的动作,主句中的动作与之同时进行。 As we talked on, he got more and more excited. 我们继续往下谈的时候,他越来越兴奋。 4. 如果表示两个短动作或事件同时发生,最常用的是as或just as,也可用when。 Just as he caught the ball, there was a tearing sound. 当他抓住球的时候,有一种撕裂的声音。 I thought of it just when you opened your mouth. 就在你要说话的时候,我也想到了。 主句和从句的区别:在英语句子中通常会出现各种各样的比较复杂的句子,在句子中有两个或两个以上的主语,谓语,宾语,我们通常会区分主句和从句,区别主从句的 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 中最简单的就是看连接词,我们 也称为引导词,但是有时连接词也会省略,只要找到连接词就找到了从句。常见的引导词有:that, where, who, how, why, who, whom, when, as, if… 如: If you don’t hurry, you will miss the bus. I know the man who wrote the book. Where we will go haven’t been decided. as when while 的区别和用法 as when while的用法 一、as的意思是“正当……时候”,它既可表示一个具体的时间点,也可以表示一段时间。as可表示主句和从句的动作同时发生或同时持续,即“点点重合”“线线重合”;又可表示一个动作发生在另一个动作的持续过程中,即“点线重合”,但不能表示两个动作一前一后发生。如果主句和从句的谓语动词都表示持续性的动作,二者均可用进行时,也可以一个用进行时,一个用一般时或者都用一般时。 1、As I got on the bus,he got off. 我上车,他下车。(点点重合)两个动作都是非延续性的 2、He was writing as I was reading. 我看书时,他在写字。(线线重合)两个动作都是延续性的 3、The students were talking as the teacher came in. 老师进来时,学生们正在讲话。(点线重合)前一个动作是延续性的,而后一个动作时非延续性的 二、while的意思是“在……同时(at the same time that )”“在……期间(for as long as, during the time that)”。从while的本身词义来看,它只能表示一段时间,不能表示具体的时间点。在时间上可以是“线线重合”或“点线重合”,但不能表示“点点重合”。例如: 1、He was watching TV while she was cooking. 她做饭时,他在看电视。(线线重合) 2、He was waiting for me while I was working. 我工作的时候,他正等着我。(线线重合) 3、He asked me a question while I was speaking. 我在讲话时,他问了我一个问题。(点线重合) 三、when的意思是“当……时候(at the time that)”“无论什么时候(whenever)” “一……就……(as soon as )” “在……以后(after)”。它表示的时间概念比较广泛,上述例句中的as或while均可用when代替,因为when不但可以表示具体的时间点,而且也可以表示一段时间。在时间上它既能表示“点点重合”“线线重合”,又能表示“点线重合”。例如: 1、When he came in,she went out. 他进来,她出去。(点点重合) 此句中when从句的动作表示的是一个时间点,when可以用as代替,但不能用while代替。2、When he came back,I was doing some washing. 他回来时,我在洗衣服。(点线重合) 此句中when从句的动作表示的是一个时间点,所以只能用as代替,不能用while代替。 as when while的区别 一、根据从句动作的持续性来区分 1、“主短从长”型:即主句是一个短暂性动作,而从句是一个持续性动作,此时三者都可用。如: Jim hurt his arm while[when,as]he was playing tennis. 吉姆打网球时把手臂扭伤了。 As[When,While]she was waiting for the train,she became very impatient. 她在等火车时,变得很不耐烦。 注意:as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在……期间”时,其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作(action)和发展(development)意味的动词,一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如be,seem,love,want, agree,see,know,have等),所以下面一句中的while 不能换为as: A:I’m going to the post office. 我要去邮局。 B:While you are there,can you get me some stamps?当你在邮局时,能帮我买几张邮票吗? 2、“主长从长”型:即主句和从句为两个同时进行的动作或存在的状态,且强调主句动作或状态延续到从句所指的整个时间,此时通常要用while。 I always listen to the radio while I’m driving. 我总是一边开车一边听收音机。 He didn’t ask me in; he kept me standing at the door while he read the message. 他没有让我 进去,他只顾看那张条子,让我站在门口等着。 但是,若主句和从句所表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边”之意时,则习惯上要用as。如: He swung his arms as he walked. 他走路时摆动着手臂。 I couldn’t remember a story to tell the children, so I made one up as I went along. 我想不出有什么故事可给孩子讲了,只好现编现讲。 3、“主长从短”型:即主句是一个持续性动作,而从句是一个短暂性动作,此时可以用as或when,但不能用while。如: It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。 When [As] he came in, I was listening to the radio. 他进来时,我在听收音机。 二、根据主句与从句动作是否同时发生来区分 1、若主句与从句表示的是两个同时发生的短暂性动作,含有类似汉语“一……就”的意思,英语一般要用as (也可用when)。如: The ice cracked as [when] I stepped onto it. 我一踩冰就裂了。 He jumped to his feet as the boss came in. 老板一进来他立刻站了起来。 但是,在hardly [scar cely]…when…句式中,不能将when换成as。如: Scarcely had we arrived, when it began to rain. 我们刚一到就下起雨来了。 2、若主句与从句表示的是两个几乎同时发生的短暂性动作,含有类似汉语“刚要……就”“正要……却”的意思,英语一般要用as(也可用when),且此时通常连用副词just。如: I caught him just when [as] he was leaving the building. 他正要离开大楼的时候,我把他截住了。 Just as [when] the two men were leaving, a message arrived. 就在这两个人要离开的时候,突 然有了消息。 三、根据是否具有伴随变化来区分 若要表示主句动作伴随从句动作同时发展变化,有类似汉语“随着”的意思,英语习惯上要用as,而不用when或while。如: The room grew colder as the fire burnt down. 随着炉火逐渐减弱,房间越来越冷。 As time goes by my memory seems to get worse. 随着时间的流逝,我的记忆力似乎越来越差。 注:若不是引导从句,而是引出一个短语,则用with,不用as。如: With winter coming on, it’s time to buy warm clothes. 随着冬天到来,该买暖和衣裳了。 The shadows lengthened with the approach of sunset. 随着太阳下落,影子也逐渐伸长。 四、根据从句动作的规律性来区分 若暗示一种规律性,表示“每当……的时候”,英语一般要用when。如: It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。 He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。 五、根据主从句动作的先后顺序来区分 若主句与从句所表示的动作不是同时发生,而是有先后顺序时,一般要用when。如: When he arrives he’ll tell us all about the match. 等他到了,他会好好给我们讲讲那场比赛的情况。 When she had finished she waited as though for a reply. 她讲完之后等了等,仿佛是在等候回答似的。 六、根据是否具有“趁机”意味来区分 1、若从句所表示的“当……的时候”具有“趁机”的意味,则通常用while。如: Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。