广外2008年水平测试以及答案

广东外语外贸大学2008年研究生入学考试 英语专业水平考试试题 1. Fill in each of the blanks below with a word provided in the brackets. The words you put in must be grammatically and semantically appropriate. You can only use the words in the brackets ONCE. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (30分) (and, absolute, anticipate, best, breaks, browsing, deliberately, enjoy, differently, feel, health, norm, patterns, potential, some, then, those, tiredness, well, with) Be realistic about time in your planning. And suit yourself-everyone works (1)______, and your personal (2)_______ working patterns may (3)_______ be different from (4)__those_____ other people might expect from you. The aim should be to develop your own (5)_______, not to regulate your working habits to a conventional (6)_______. Allow for unexpected (7)________ such as days when libraries are closed, delays while materials arrive through the post, days when you don?t (8)_______ like working, etc. And create breaks (9)_______. For example, you should allow for creating variation in your working (10)________ . Read for a while, then do some writing or some research (11)_______ in a library; this can reduce the effect of strain or (12)_______ with long bouts of writing, something which is particularly important for (13)________ reasons if you work at a computer. Remember that finishing off always takes longer than you (14)_______ , so allow enough time for this. Be careful with deadlines: some are notional (and extensions are possible); others are fixed and (15)_______ , with the result that noncompletion on schedule can mean failure. Check the rules to find out which of these your deadline is. II. This section contains twenty multiple-choice questions on antonyms. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet (20分) 1. DIVERGE (A) relay (B) bypass (C) enclose (D) come together 2. LEVY (A) relinquish (B) rescind (C) repatriate (D) revitalize 3. ANCHOR (A) unwind (B) disjoin (C) dislodge (D) disrupt 4. FATUOUSNESS (A) sensibleness (B) courage (C) aloofness (D) obedience 5. GIST (A) artificial manner (B) trivial point (C) eccentric method (D) singular event 6. PERSEVERE (A) put into (B) send out (C) give up (D) take away 7. AMALGAMATE (A) separate (B) terminate (C) calibrate (D) correlate 8. ANARCHY (A) courtesy (B) hope (C) neutrality (D) order 9. HAPLESS (A) excited (B) elated (C) delighted (D) fortunate 10. ENDORSE (A) oppose publicly (B) provoke criticism (C) receive payment (D) submit unwillingly 11. EXPIRE (A) evolve (B) come to life (C) grow to fruition (D) bring to light 12. METAMORPHSIS (A) relief from strain (B) cyclical motion (C) continuation without change (D) dogmatic persistence 13. FERMENT (A) solidity (B) purity (C) tranquility (D) transparency 14. PLETHORA (A) narrowness (B) dearth (C) choice (D) confusion 15. SURCHARGE (A) discount rebate (B) liability (C) decrease (D) shortfall 16. PROFUSE (A) rare (B) flawed (c) real (D) scanty 17. SUBSTANTIATION (A) dissent (B) delusion (C) disproof (D) denial 18. FORESTALL (A) announce (B) precipitate (c) steady (D) prolong 19. ESTRANGEMENT (A) reconciliation (B) dissemblance (C) consolation (D) negotiation 20. OUTLANDISH (A) prolific (B) noticeable (C) transparent (D) conventional III. Read the following passages carefully and complete the tasks. Write your answers an the Answer Sheet (50分) TEXT A SOMETHING ABOUT NAPLES just seems made for comedy. The name alone conjures up pizza, and lovable, incorrigible innocents warbling “O Sole Mio”; a nutty little corner of the world where the id runs wild an d the only answer to the question “Why?”appears to be “Why not?” Naples: the butter-side-down of Italian cities, where even the truth has a strangely fictitious tinge. One day a car rear-ended one of the city?s minibuses. The bus driver got out to investi gate. While he stood there talking, his only passenger took the wheel and drove off Neither passenger nor bus was ever seen again. Then there was that busy lunch hour in the central post office when a crack in the ceiling opened and postal workers were overwhelmed by an avalanche of stale croissants. As the cleaners hauled away garbage bags of moldy breakfast, the questions remained: Who? Why? And what else could still be up there? But Naples actually isn?t so funny. Italy?s third largest city,with 1.1 million people has a much darker side. where chaos reigns: bag snatching and mugging clogged streets of stupefying confusion, where traffic moves to mysterious laws of its own through multiple intersections whose traffic lights haven?t functioned for months, maybe years-if they have lights at all. Packs of wild dogs roam the city?s main park. Nineteen policemen on the anti-narcotics squad are arrested for accepting payoffs from the Camorra, the local Mafia. To many Italians, particularly those in the wealthy, industrialized north, none of this is surprising. To them Naples means political corruption, wasted federal subsidies, rampant organized crime, appallingly large families, and cunning, lazy people who prefer to do something shady rather than honest work. Nepolitans know their reputation, “People think nothing ever gets done here,” s aid a young professional woman “Sometimes they say, “Surely y ou come from Milan. You come from Naples? Naples?” Giovanni del Form, an insurance executive, told me about his flight home from a northern. Italian city, the plane waited on the began to bear the comments around me: …Well here we are in Naples,?” he s ai d with a wince. “These comments make me suffer”. Neapolitans may complain, but most can?t conceive of living anywhere else. The city has the intimacy, tension, and craziness of a large but intensely devoted family. The people have the same perverse pride as New Yorkers. They love even the things that don?t work, and they love being Neapolitans. They know outsiders don?t get it. and they don?t care. “Eve n if you go away” one woman said, “you remain a prisoner of this city. My city has many problems, but away from it I feel bad.” This is a city in which living on the brink of collapse is normal. Naples has survived wars revolutions, floods, earthquakes, and eruptions of nearby Vesuvius. First a wealthy, colony founded by the Greeks (who called it Neapolis, or “new city”), then a flourishing Roman resort, it lived through various incarnations under dynasties of Normans, Swabians, Austrians, Spanish, and French, not to mention a glorious period as the resplendent capital of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. It was a brilliant, cultivated city that once ranked with London and Paris. The Nenziatella, the oldest military school in Italy, still basks in its two centuries of historic glory, the Teatro San Carlo remains one of the greatest opera houses in the world. The treasures of Pompeii grace the National Museum. Stretched Iuxuriantly between mountains and sea along the curving coast of the Bay of Naples, full of ornate palaces, gardens, churches, and works of art, with its mild climate and rich folklore, Naples in the last century was beloved by artists and writers. The most famous response to this magnificence was the comment by a n unknown admirer, “See Naples and die.” Today that remark carries less poetic connotations. The bombardments of World War II were followed by the depredations of profiteers and politicians-for-rent who reduced the city to a demoralized shadow of itself, surviving on government handouts, Until five years ago city governments were cobbled together by warring political factions; some mayors lasted only a few months. A cholera outbreak in 1973 was followed in 1980 by a major earthquake. Its famous port has Withered (though the U.S. Sixth Fleet command is still based just up the coast), industries have failed, tourists have fled, natives have moved out-it seems that only drug trafficking is booming “Unlivable,” the Neapolitans say. 1. The two examples in the second and third paragraphs intend to show that (A) Naples has a high incidence of traffic accidents. (C) people there love to store food for years. (D) everything appears to be on the wrong side. 2. The fallowing words are appropriate to describe traffic conditions in Naples EXCEPT (A) disorder. (B) overcrowding. (C) insecurity. (D) inefficiency. 3. It can be concluded from the passage that the Northerners (A) are critical of what Naples represents. (B) sympathize with Neopolitans. (C) share many thins with Neopolitans. (D) make every effort to shun Neopolitans. 4. The author implies that Neopolitans? affection for the city (A) was unrealistic. (B) went a bit too far. (C) was extraordinary. (D) gave rise to concern. 5. When the author says “Today that remark carries less poetic connotations.” he actually means that (A) the city can now boast very few poets. (B) artists and writers have left for London and Paris. (C) the city underwent heavy bombing during the War. (D) The city?s present problems obscured its gl orious past. TEXT B Once found almost entirely in the western United States and in Asia, dinosaur fossils are now being discovered on all seven continents. A host of new revelations emerged in 1998 that promise to reshape scientists views of dinosaurs, including what they looked like and when and where they lived. It is doubtful that Tyrannosaurus Rex had lips or that Triceratops had cheeks, says Lawrence Wittrier, an assistant professor of anatomy at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. Witmer was a leading researcher for a study on dinosaur anatomy that was presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Vertebrate Paleontology, which concluded on October 3 in Snowbird, Utah. Witmer?s study reached its conclusions by using high-tech computerized axial tomography (CT or CAT) seans along with comparative anatomy studies. For example, the theory that Triceratops and similar dinosaur species had cheeks was based on past comparisons with mammals such as sheep. But Witmer?s careful analysis found the structure of the triceratops jaw and skull made it more likely that Triceratops had a beak like that of an eagle. Witmer said that scientists should use birds and crocodiles as models when researching the appearance of dinosaurs. In early October scientists announced that they had confirmed the discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur. The dinosaur?s bones, found in New Mexico in 1996, are fe ncing paleontologists to rethink their, theories about when ceratopsians migrated to what is now North America. Scientists previously thought that ceratopsians, the group that included the well-known Triceratops, arrived in North America from Asia between 70 million and 80 million years ago. During this time, the late Cretaceous Period, the earth?s two supercontinents-Laurasia in the north and Gondwanaland in the south-were in the process of pulling apart, cutting dinosaur populations off from each other and interrupting migratory patterns. The fossilized bones, found by eight-year-old Christopher Wolfe and his father, paleontologist Doug Wolfe of the Mesa Southwest Museum in Arizona, date to about 90 million years ago. This could mean that ceratopstans originated in North America and migrated to Asia rather than the reverse, paleontologists Said. Doug Wolfe named the important new species of dinosaur Zuniceratops christopheri after his son. An expedition from the Universities of Alaska in Anchorage and Fairbanks has discovered a region in remote northern Alaska so rich in fossilized dinosaur tracks that team members dubbed it the “dino expressway”. The trampled area was found during the summer of 1998 on Alaska?s Norah Slope near the Brooks Range. The team found 13 new track sites and made casts from the prints of five different types of dinosaurs. The rock in which the prints were found dates to more than 100 million years ago, or about 25 million years older than the previously discovered signs of dinosaurs in the Arctic region. Paleontologists said that the new findings provide important evidence that dinosaurs migrated between Asia and North America during the early and mid-Cretaceous Period, before Asia split off into its own continent. Two rich fossil sites in the hills of Bolivia have been recently discovered, exciting paleontologists and dinosaur buffs .This discovery includes one of the most spectacular dinosaur trackways ever found. The discovery of a large site in the mountain region of Kila, Kila in southern Bolivia was announced in early October. Here scientists found the tracks of at least two unknown species of dinosaur. These included a large quadruped (four-footed) dinosaur that was probably about 20 m (about 70 ft) long. The other site, located not far from the Bolivian city of Sucre, was uncovered in a cement quarry by workers several years ago but was not brought to paleontologists attention until the middle of 1998. The site features a vertical wall covered with thousands of dinosaur prints representing more than 100 different species. The tracks date back to between 65 million and 70 million years age. Since dinosaurs are believed to have died out around 65 million years ago, the prints were likely made by some of the last dinosaurs on earth. Scientists speculated that the tracks were made at the edge of a lake or swamp and were then hardened and preserved. The rock containing the tracks was then pushed into a vertical position over millions of years of geologic activity. Dinosaur eggs have also been found at the site, which paleontologists are working to preserve before it falls victim to erosion. Paleontologists hope to study the site and learn about the diet and physical characteristics of the dinosaurs that are represented there. 6. Witmer?s research leads people to believe (A) Tyrannosaurus Rex had lips and Triceratops had cheeks. (B) dinosaurs might have looked like mammals such as sheep. (C) dinosaurs might not have looked like what we thought. (D) dinosaurs must have looked like birds or crocodiles. 7. The discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur suggests ceratopsians (A) migrated to North America around 70-80 million years ago. (B) arrived in Asia from North America about 90 million years ago. (C) originated in Asia and later migrated to North America. (D) could have moved to Asia from North America long ago. 8. Newly-found fossilized tracks in Alaska proved that dinosaurs?migration between Asia and North America took place (A) much earlier than experts previously thought. (B) much later than experts previously thought. (C) after Asia became an independent continent. (D) sometime around 25 million years ago. 9. The discovery of dinosaur fossil sites in Bolivia is exciting because of the following reasons EXCEPT that (A) they are found in a continent other than Asia and North Continent. (B) the largest dinosaurs in the world are found in this discovery. (C) there are some unknown species of dinosaurs found this time. (D) the dinosaurs were believed to be some of the last ones on earth 10. The passage focuses on (A) dinosaur?s geographical location. (B) shifting views of dinosaurs. (C) migration patterns of dinosaurs. (D) geologic activity of Earth. TEXT C In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families to try to preserve their superiority by withdrawing from the lower and middle class behind barriers of etiquette. In a prosperous community, on the other hand, polite society soon absorbs the newly rich, and in England there has never been any shortage of books on etiquette for teaching them the manners appropriate to their new way of life. Every code of enquette has contained three elements, basic moral duties practical rules which promote effidiency; and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance. In the first category are considerations for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents? presence without asking permission. Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible, before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that after spitting a person should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot. Extremely refined behaviour, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, winch admitted women as the social equals of men After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behaviour in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Provence, in France. Provence had become wealthy. The lords had retamed to their castle from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today. In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behaviour of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were inelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name. Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of harming or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest. Answer the following questions briefly. Please write your answers on the Answer sheet. 11. One characteristic of the rich classes of a declining society is their tendency____________. 12. Cite TWO elements of the code of etiquette. ____________________________________________________. 13. According to the writer, part of chivalry is that____________________. 14. Etiquette as an art of gracious living is quoted as a feature of_______________________. 15. What does the writer use “Yet” in the last paragr aph? ___________________. TEXTD Fred Cooke of Salford turned 90 two days ago and the world has been beating a path to his door. If you haven?t noticed, the backstreet boy educated at Blackpool grammar styles himself more grandly as Alastair Cooke, broadcaster extraordinaire. An honorable KBE, he would be Sir Alastair if he had not taken American citizenship more than half a century ago. If it sounds snobbish to draw attention to his humble origins, it should be reflected that the real snob is Cooke himself, who has spent a lifetime disguising them. But the fact that he opted to renounce his British passport in 1941-just when his country needed all the wartime help it could get-is hardly a matter for congratulation. Cooke has made a fortune out of his love affair with America. entrancing listeners with a weekly monologue that has won Radio 4 many devoted adherents. Part of the pull is the developed drawl. This is the man who gave the world “mid-Atlantic?, the language of the disc jockey and public relations man. He sounds American to us and English to them, while in reality he has for decades belonged to neither. Cooke?s world is an America that exists largely in the imagination. He took ages to acknowledge the disaster that was Vietnam and even longer to wake up to Watergate. His politics have drifted to the right with age, and most of his opinions have been acquired on the golf course with fellow celebrities. He chased after stars on arrival in America, fixing up an interview with Charlie Chaplin and briefly becoming his friend. He told Cooke he could turn him into a fine light comedian; instead he is an impressionist?s dream. Cooke liked the sound of his first wife?s name almost as much as he admired her good looks. But he found bringing up baby difficult and left her for the wife of his landlord. Women listeners were unimpressed when, in 1996, be declared on air that the fact that 4% of women in the American armed forces ware roped showed remarkable self-restraint on the part of Un cle Sam?s soldiers. His arrog ance in not allowing BBC editors to see his script in advance worked, not for the first time, to his detriment. His defenders said he could not help living with the 1930s values he had acquired and somewhat dubiously went on to cite “gallantry” as chief am ong them. Cooke?s raconteur style encouraged a whole generation of BBC men to think of themselves as more important than the story. His treacly tones were the model for the regular World Service reports. From Our Own Correspondent known as FOOCs in the business. They may yet be his epitaph. Answer the following questions briefly. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet. 16. Which fact about Cooke is the writer most critical of? 17. How would you describe Cooke? 18. What does the writer mean by saying that …...most of his opinions have been acquired on the golf course with fellow celebrities? at the end of the fourth paragraph? 19. What does the word unimpressed suggest in the last paragraph? 20. In what kind of tone does the writer comment on Cooke?s l ife and career in the passage? IV. This section contains two tasks. Complete the tasks according to the instructions. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. TASK ONE (20 分) Supply a missing paragraph to the following passage. Your paragraph should be consistent with the tone, style and rhetorical organization of the given passage. The paragraph should be within 80 words in length. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet. An acceptable essay must be unified. It must make one clearly identifiable point. The best way to ensure unity is to write a strong thesis sentence, and then to make sure that everything else you write in the essay somehow develops that thesis sentence. In addition to being unified, an acceptable essay must be cohesive. Its parts must stick together. Cohesion is obviously closely related to unity Unless the essay sticks together there will be-or will appear to be-no unity. Cohesion, however, is really a matter of connectives, of the glue or the strings that hold together the different parts of an essay. We sometimes use the word transitions to refer to the connective devices by which writers announce that they are finished with one part of an argument and going on to the next part We sometimes use the word sign posts to refer to the quite explicit information that writers give to their readers about where they are in the development of their support for their thesis. Whatever the terminology we use to explain conesion, your will appreciate your telling them, quite directly, where you are and where you are going. Finally, an acceptable essay must be organized. Some principles of arrangement must be made evident to your readers. If your readers are to know where they are at any given point in your argument, they must be given a clear notion of how you are structuring your essay. The structure of your essay, the organizational principle of it, can be shown by means of an outline, or skeleton sketch. TASK TWO (30分) “A man is known by the company he keeps.” First state what this means and then explain how far you think this statement is justified. You should provide convincing evidence to support your argument. Your response should be within 500 words. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet. 参考答案 1.Fill in each of the blanks below with a word provided in the brackets. The words you put in must be grammatically and semantically appropriate. You can only use the words in the brackets ONCE. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. 1 differently 2 best 3 well 4 those 5 potential 6 norm 7 breaks 8 feel 9 deliberately 10 patterns 11 browsing 12 tiredness 13 health 14 anticipated 15 absolute II. This section contains twenty multiple-choice questions on antonyms. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet 1-5 C A B A B 6-10 C A D D A 11-15 B C C D C 16-20 D C B C D III. Read the following passages carefully and complete the tasks. Write your answers an the Answer Sheet 1-5 B B A C D 6-10 C D A C A Text C 11 To preserve extremely refined etiquette 12 basic normal duties such as respect for age; practical rules such as making proper introduction at a party 13 A knight held platonic love to a lady and woman should be of virtue and gentleness 14 wealthy and leisured society 15 although common people didn?t have a complicated cod e of manner, the essence of politeness of common people doesn?t vary much from that of high society?s. Text D 16 His character, or his moral quality, is the writer most critical of 17 A scoundrel who did very well as a radio broadcaster 18 Few of his political opinions were original, and most of them were copied from fellow celebrities 19 From this word we can guess that women listeners didn?t like him 20 In a sarcastic tone the author makes comment IV. This section contains two tasks. Complete the tasks according to the instructions. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. TASK ONE So, from above we know three elements of an acceptable essay. Unity, cohesion and organization are what writers should try to achieve in the process of writing. With practice, you may compose good essays and have dedicated readers. TASK TWO A man is known by the company he keeps This sentence is first come from Aesop?s Fables with the meaning that a person is believed to be like the people with whom he or she spends time. An d I personally can?t agree more with this epigram. In China there is also a sentence with the same meaning: one who nears vermilion becomes red and one who nears ink becomes black. Thousand of years ago our ancestors had found out this truth, and we descendents have no reason to disbelieve it. And I have more than enough evidence to prove the correctness of this sentence. In animal world, if a duckling happened to be raised by a hen, it would deem itself as a member of chicken family. And its behavior would be to a large extent like that of chicks. While in human society, the situation varies little. A man would definitely be influenced by people with whom he spends most time. For example, a new graduate who goes to his new job and hangs around with workers for several months would speak in the way that belongs to workers. Why? Because workers are everywhere. Their way of living constitute a new environment for that graduate. Under the influence of workers, he has to change. Otherwise, he would feel isolated. Good environment exerts good influences on people; bad environment exerts worse ones. Ask any criminal taken prisoner for theft and you would in surprise find out almost all of them were abetted to steal. As we know, no one was born a criminal. From this point we know how huge the influence of company is.