男性脱发原因

男性脱发原因 男性脱发是男性型脱发的俗称,也称雄激素源性脱发(AGA) ,在男性中十分常见,具遗传倾向。男性型脱发患者的头发往往先从前额两侧及顶部开始变得稀疏,导致前额发际线后退。脱发部位的正常头发被细的绒毛所替代,最终这些绒毛也脱落致使秃发面积逐渐扩大。[1] 现代生活的快节奏,让不少开始男性面临前所未有的压力。有调查数据显示全球年届50的男性中超过50%的人患有男性型脱发,男性脱发在我国的患病率为15.73%~19.75%。 原因 1. 雄性激素源性脱发 皮肤毛囊是雄激素作用的靶器官,头皮又是雄激素受体密度比较高的部位,是雄激素“喜欢”聚集的场所。所以雄性激素源性脱发是最普遍的脱发类型,95%的脱发病例属于这一类型。患雄性激素源性脱发的人血清和头皮中二氢睾酮水平比正常人高,头皮、额部,特别是颞颥部和顶部的头发在二氢睾酮的长期作用下,毛囊表现为进行性萎缩、变小,毛发逐渐变细、变软,颜色变淡,毛发减少。此类型脱发的结果造成发际线消褪和头部轻度谢顶。 2. 药物导致脱发 一些处方药物可能导致某些人脱发,对癌症的治疗会使头发停止生长并在治疗期间脱落,停药后或治疗结束后,头发有可能重新生长出来。如果在服药的初期就发生突发性脱发,及时咨询大夫,对治疗 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 做适当改变。 3. 病理性、外科手术或疾病导致的脱发 高烧后1~3个月,严重感染疾病或外科手术都会造成脱发;患有某些慢性病的会持续脱发;甲状腺功能不正常也会导致脱发;一些免疫性疾病,如头皮部位严重的盘状红斑狼疮等,也会让头皮毛囊“很受伤”;机械性撕脱、烧伤、慢性深部细菌或真菌感染都会让头部“荒芜”。 4. 神经性斑秃 导致此类型脱发的原因还不明确,此类的脱发成片状脱落,形成铜钱大小面积的光滑、圆形秃面,神经性斑秃应该注重精神的调养。 5.遗传原因 脱发除了和各方面的压力有关外,遗传性也是其中一个非常重要的因素。 致病原理 1、头发的生长周期 1)头发是以每月约1厘米的速度缓慢地长出来的。每根头发需生长2至6年然后进入休止期,最后脱落。在脱落的部位,一般在三个月内一根新的头发可从同一毛囊中长出。在同一时期,约10%的头发处于休止期,而其余90%的头发处于生长活跃期。但头发的生长速度随着人的年龄老化而逐渐减慢。 2)当毛囊持续萎缩时,头发会逐渐变短变细,并导致脱发,最终形成生不出头发的微小毛囊。 2、遗传因素 男性因携带的脱发遗传基因不同,体内所分泌睾酮会在某些人的皮下组织之内经由5a-还原酶 (5α-reductase)作用形成双氢睾酮(dihydrotestosterone, DHT)DHT(DHT 号称毛囊杀手。强力的DHT进入细胞核,对于代谢系统产生作用。具有细胞能量作用的ATP物质的制造会因此而受阻。当作为热量源的ATP无法产生出来,因此无法进行毛发的蛋白合成,毛母细胞失去活力,开始角质化,毛囊开始萎缩或者坏死,头发大量进入休止期,头发就会大量脱落。 临床诊断 脱发的医学检查: 1. 医生肉眼检查 一般情况下,具有丰富经验的专业医生通过肉眼检查,再问问遗传、饮食、化学品接触等问题,就知道是不是溢脂性脱发或男性型脱发,所以不用做什么检查,有经验的医生看看就明白。 2. 头发的牵拉检查 头发牵拉实验阳性是指在头皮的任何部位可不费力地拔落2-8根头发而无疼痛感。休止期脱发、生长期脱发松动综合症、斑秃等毛发病中,本实验呈阳性反应。 3. 内分泌检查 性激素水平的检查对产后脱发、更年期脱发和口服避孕药引起的脱发,有一定的临床意义;血清TSH的检查对诊断甲状腺功能减退症最有价值。 4. 营养代谢检查 营养代谢性疾病如铁缺乏症,早期常需实验室检查证实,血清铁蛋白小于12ug/L 为贮铁缺乏,同时运铁蛋白饱和度小于0.15,全血FEP大于 1.78umol/L(100ug/dL)或FEP/Hb大于4.5ug/gHb的其中两项,可确诊为缺铁性红细胞生成性脱发。恶性营养不良早期,由于蛋白质长期摄入不足,体内形成负氮平衡,血及尿中尿素氮首先下降,尿肌酸、肌酐下降也是较敏感的指标,血浆总蛋白低下是营养不良性脱发的确诊条件。 Male causes of hair loss Male hair loss is commonly known as male pattern baldness, rule the roost hormone borne alopecia (AGA) is very common in men with a genetic predisposition. The hair of male pattern hair loss patients often start with the forehead on both sides and at the top becomes sparse, forehead hairline. ,Hair loss part of normal hair is fine fluff replaced by the end of fluff off causing alopecia area gradually expanded. [1] The fast-paced modern life, www.wfzyc.com,so many start the men facing unprecedented pressure. The survey data show that more than 50% of the global annual session of the 50 men suffering from male pattern hair loss, male hair loss in the prevalence rate of 15.73% to 19.75%. Reason 1 male alopecia Skin hair follicle androgen target organs, scalp and the higher parts of the androgen receptor density and androgen "like" the gathering place. Therefore, the male sex hormone alopecia is the most common type of hair loss, www.bjyuer.net,95 percent of hair loss cases are of this type. Suffering from alopecia of the male hormone in human serum and scalp dihydrotestosterone levels higher than normal, scalp, forehead, temporal Ru and the top of the hair in the long-term effects of dihydrotestosterone, hair follicles performance progressive atrophy smaller, hair gradually tapering to soften the color fades hair reduction. The result of this type of hair loss caused slight fade and head balding hairline. 2 drugs cause hair loss Some prescription drugs may cause some hair loss, cancer treatment will make the hair stop growing and fall during treatment, www.baidaiful.com,the hair may grow back after stopping or after the end of treatment. Sudden hair loss occurs in the early stages of the medication, and timely consultation with the doctor, treatment options to make the appropriate change. Pathological, surgery or disease causes hair loss 1 to 3 months after a high fever, severe infection or surgery will cause hair loss; suffering from certain chronic diseases will continue to hair loss; abnormal thyroid function can lead to hair loss; some autoimmune diseases, such as severe scalp discoid erythema lupus, etc., but also makes the scalp hair follicles "very hurt"; mechanical avulsion, burns, chronic deep bacterial or fungal infection will allow the head of the "barren rock". 4. Nerve alopecia areata The reason for this type of hair loss is not clear, this kind of hair loss into flaking, the formation of the coins the size of the area of the smooth, round bald face, neurological alopecia areata should focus on the spirit nursed back to health. 5. Genetic causes Alopecia in addition to pressure and various aspects, hereditary also one of the very important factors. Pathogenic principle 1, the hair growth cycle 1) hair in a slow speed of about 1 cm per month to grow out. Each hair growth for 2-6 years and then need to enter the telogen phase, and finally fall off. Off site, generally within three months a new hair can grow from the same hair follicle. In the same period, about 10% of hair is in the telogen, while the remaining 90% of hair is in the active growth period. But the hair growth rate gradually slowed down as the aging of the human. 2) When the hair follicles continue to shrink, the hair will gradually shorter thinner and cause hair loss final form not beget the tiny hair follicles of the hair. 2, Genetic factors Male because of the hair loss genes carried the body the secretion of testosterone in the subcutaneous tissue of some people through the 5a-reductase (5α-reductase) role in the formation of DHT (dihydrotestosterone, DHT) DHT (DHT is known as the hair follicle killer. potent DHT into the nucleus, to effect the metabolic system. www.sopovip.com, substances in the manufacture of the role of cellular energy ATP hindered when ATP as a heat source can not be generated, and therefore can not be the hair of protein synthesis, the hair matrix cells lose their vitality, start keratinization, hair follicle atrophy or necrosis, hair poured into the telogen, a large number of hair will fall off. Clinical diagnosis Hair loss medical examination: 1 doctor visual inspection Under normal circumstances, with extensive experience in the professional doctors by visual inspection, and then ask heredity, diet, chemical exposure, and you know that is not seborrheic alopecia or male pattern hair loss, so do not do checks, experienced doctors to see explanatory. Hair pulling check Hair pulling test positive in any part of the scalp may from time to effortlessly pull off the the 2-8 hair without pain. Telogen effluvium, growth phase syndrome, alopecia areata, hair onset alopecia loose, the experiment showed a positive reaction. 3. Endocrine examination Check of the sex hormone levels of postpartum hair loss, menopause, hair loss and hair loss caused by oral contraceptives, the clinical significance; the serum TSH check diagnosis of hypothyroidism most valuable. 4. Nutrition metabolism checks Nutritional and metabolic diseases such as iron deficiency, early often require laboratory tests confirmed that the serum ferritin is less than 12ug / L for the lack of ferritin, transferrin saturation of less than 0.15, the whole blood FEP of greater than 1.78umol / L ( 100ug/dL) or FEP / Hb to greater than 4.5ug/gHb two of diagnosed with iron deficiency erythropoiesis alopecia. The kwashiorkor early, due to the lack of long-term intake protein, the body of a negative nitrogen balance, blood and urinary urea nitrogen first decline in urinary creatine, creatinine decline is also more sensitive indicators, low plasma total protein malnutrition alopecia diagnosed condition.