常用网络工具的应用
一、实验目的:
1.了解系统网络命令及其所代表的含义,以及所能对网络进行的操作。
2.通过网络命令了解运行系统网络状态,并利用网络命令对网络进行简单的操作。二、
二、实验仪器设备及器材
Window XP 局域网
3、实验相关理论
1.PING命令是检查网络连接状况的网络工具,可以用它来检测数据包到达目的主机的可能性。
2.Win98:winipcfg或Win2000以上:Ipconfig/all命令显示DNS服务器地址、IP地址、子网掩码地址、默认网关的IP地址。
3.Netstat是显示网络连接和有关协议的统计信息的工具。Netstat主要用于:网络接口的状况;程序表的状况;协议类的统计信息的显示三个方面。
4.ARP:地址解析协议命令,用于将IP地址解析为MAC地址。
4、实验要求:
验前认真预习TCP/IP协议内容,尤其应认真理解WINDOWS网络相关原理;在进行实验时,应注意爱护机器,按照试验指导书的要求的内容和步骤完成实验,尤其应注意认真观察试验结果,做好记录;实验完成后应认真撰写实验报告。
五、实验原理
六、实验步骤
1、最常用的网络测试工具-PING.EXE
(1)判断本地的TCP/IP协议栈是否已安装成功
C:\Documents and Settings\student>ping 127.0.0.1
Pinging 127.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data:
用32个数据字节验证本机与计算机的连接
Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
返回本机:字节为32个 时间小于10 毫秒 生存时间为128
Ping statistics for 127.0.0.1:
统计本机的数据:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
包数:发送为4,接收为4,丢失为0(丢失率为0%)
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
大概回路行程时间在毫秒
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
最小为0毫秒,最大为0毫秒,平均为0毫秒
(2)判断能否到达指定IP地址的远程计算机
C:\Documents and Settings\student>ping 10.64.42.1
Pinging 10.64.42.1 with 32 bytes of data:
用32个数据字节验证网关与计算机的连接
Reply from 10.64.42.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=64
返回网关:字节为32个 时间小于10 毫秒 生存时间为64
Reply from 10.64.42.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=64
Reply from 10.64.42.1: bytes=32 time=34ms TTL=64
Reply from 10.64.42.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=64
Ping statistics for 10.64.42.1:
统计网关的数据:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
包数:发送为4,接收为4,丢失为0(丢失率为0%)
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
大概回路行程时间在毫秒
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 34ms, Average = 8ms
最小为0毫秒,最大为34毫秒,平均为8毫秒
(3)根据域名获得其对应的IP地址
C:\Documents and Settings\student>ping www.qq.com
Pinging www.qq.com [59.64.114.98] with 32 bytes of data:
用32个数据字节验证腾讯网与计算机的连接
Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=57
返回腾讯网:字节为32 时间为2毫秒 生存时间为57
Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=57
Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=57
Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=57
Ping statistics for 59.64.114.98:
统计腾讯网的数据:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
包数:发送为4,收回为4,丢失为0(丢失率为0%)
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
大概循环时间在毫秒:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 1ms
最小值为1毫秒,最大值为2毫秒,平均值为1毫秒
(4)根据IP地址获取域名
C:\Documents and Settings\student>ping 59.64.114.98
Pinging 59.64.114.98 with 32 bytes of data:
用32个数据字节验证网络与计算机的连接
Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=57
Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=57
Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=7ms TTL=57
Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=57
返回腾讯网:字节为32 时间为2毫秒 生存时间为57
Ping statistics for 59.64.114.98:
统计网络的数据:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
包数:发送为4,收回为4,丢失为0(丢失率为0%)
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
大概循环时间在毫秒:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 7ms, Average = 3ms
最小值为1毫秒,最大值为7毫秒,平均值为3毫秒
(5)根据IP地址获取机器名
C:\Documents and Settings\student>ping -a 127.0.0.1
Pinging student14 [127.0.0.1] with 32 bytes of data:
用32个数据字节验证网络与计算机的连接
Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
返回网络:字节为32 时间小于10毫秒 生存时间为128
Ping statistics for 127.0.0.1:
统计腾讯网的数据:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
包数:发送为4,收回为4,丢失为0(丢失率为0%)
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
大概循环时间在毫秒:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
最小值01毫秒,最大值为0毫秒,平均值为0毫秒
(6)Ping指定的IP地址30次
C:\Documents and Settings\student>ping -n 30 202.205.107.58
Pinging 202.205.107.58 with 32 bytes of data:
用32个数据字节验证网络与计算机的连接
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=126
返回网络:字节为32 时间小于10毫秒 生存时间为126
Ping statistics for 202.205.107.58:
统计网络的数据:
Packets: Sent = 30, Received = 30, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
包数:发送为30,收回为30,丢失为0(丢失率为0%)
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
大概循环时间在毫秒:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
最小值为10毫秒,最大值为0毫秒,平均值为0毫秒
(7)用40
0字
个人自传范文3000字为中华之崛起而读书的故事100字新时代好少年事迹1500字绑架的故事5000字个人自传范文2000字
节长的包Ping指定的IP地址
C:\Documents and Settings\student>ping -l 400 202.205.107.10
Pinging 202.205.107.10 with 400 bytes of data:
用400个数据字节验证网络与计算机的连接
Reply from 202.205.107.10: bytes=400 time<10ms TTL=62
Reply from 202.205.107.10: bytes=400 time<10ms TTL=62
Reply from 202.205.107.10: bytes=400 time<10ms TTL=62
Reply from 202.205.107.10: bytes=400 time<10ms TTL=62
返回网络:字节为400 时间小于10毫秒 生存时间为62
Ping statistics for 202.205.107.10:
统计网络的数据:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
包数:发送为4,收回为4,丢失为0(丢失率为0%)
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
大概循环时间在毫秒:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
最小值为0毫秒,最大值为0毫秒,平均值为0毫秒
2、网络配置查看程序-IPCONFIG.EXE
(1)查看所有配置信息:Winipcfg 或 Ipconfig /all
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>Ipconfig/all
Windows IP Configuration
Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : r5-045
Primary Dns Suffix . . . . . . . :
Node Type . . . . . . . . . . . . : Unknown
IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : No
WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No
Ethernet adapter 本地连接:
Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :
Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Realtek RTL8139 Family PCI Fast Ethe
rnet NIC
Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-E0-4C-4C-A9-DB
Dhcp Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.64.5.45
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 10.64.5.254
DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 202.205.107.10
3、网络连接统计工具-NETSTAT.EXE
(1)显示所有连接
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>netstat -a
Active Connections
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State
TCP r5-045:epmap r5-045:0 LISTENING
TCP r5-045:microsoft-ds r5-045:0 LISTENING
TCP r5-045:1161 r5-045:0 LISTENING
TCP r5-045:8177 r5-045:0 LISTENING
TCP r5-045:10019 r5-045:0 LISTENING
TCP r5-045:netbios-ssn r5-045:0 LISTENING
TCP r5-045:1028 10.64.7.199:10018 ESTABLISHED
TCP r5-045:1045 r5-045:10019 ESTABLISHED
TCP r5-045:1681 221.7.91.31:http SYN_SENT
TCP r5-045:1682 10.64.7.122:7211 SYN_SENT
TCP r5-045:10019 r5-045:1027 CLOSE_WAIT
TCP r5-045:10019 r5-045:1045 ESTABLISHED
TCP r5-045:1031 r5-045:0 LISTENING
UDP r5-045:microsoft-ds *:*
UDP r5-045:isakmp *:*
UDP r5-045:ms-sql-m *:*
UDP r5-045:4500 *:*
UDP r5-045:5412 *:*
UDP r5-045:5999 *:*
UDP r5-045:6000 *:*
UDP r5-045:6002 *:*
UDP r5-045:ntp *:*