初二英语：词汇及宾语从句

初二英语：词汇及宾语从句 XXXX教育学科教师辅导讲义 讲义编号 学员编号: 年 级: 初二 课时数及课时进度: 学员姓名: 辅导科目: 英语 学科教师: 学科组长/带头人签名及日期 课 题 Unit5词汇及直接引语变间接引语 授课时间: 备课时间: 1.掌握Unit5的重点词汇，以及能初步应用 教学目标 2.熟练掌握祈使句变为间接引语及宾语从句“三要素”复习 重点、难点 单词 英语单词 下载七年级上册英语单词表下载英语单词表下载深圳小学英语单词表 下载高中英语单词 下载 词组的灵活运用及宾语从句“三要素”熟练掌握 考点及考试要求 掌握本单元单词词组并宾语从句能灵活运用 教学 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 Step 1: Homework -checking Step 2: Words and phrases 1. spend, take, pay, cost 1)spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构: (1) Sb. spend time /money on sth. (2) Sb. spend time /money (in) doing sth. 2).sth. costs (sb.) ，金钱, 某物花了(某人)多少钱; 注意:cost不能用于被动句。 3). take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种: (1) It takes sb. ，时间，to do sth. (2)sth/doing sth. takes sb. ，时间 4). pay的主语通常是人，基本用法是: pay (sb.) money for sth. ___________________________ pay for sth. ___________________________ pay for sb. ___________________________ 例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。 例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 – How much did this CD ______ you, Sally? -- I got it for 5 dollars. (2006) A. use B. spend C. take D. cost 过去式/过去分词 spend __________ ______________ take __________ __________ cost__________ ______________ pay __________ __________ 2. care v. n. care about 关心，在乎 care for sb. 照顾，护理 take care of ....照顾 take care 当心 3. tiring adj. tired adj. Eg. The tiring work made him very tired. 4. do some washing do some reading do some cleaning 5. by hand 用手的 hand in hand 手拉手 give sb. a hand 帮忙 In hand 在处理中 6. suggestion n. 建议 make a suggestion 提建议 suggest. V Suggest doing sth. Suggest + 从句 …(should )do 7. disagree with Sb. 不同意...... agree with Sb. 同意..... 8. offer to do sth. .提供.... offer sth. to sb. 为某人提供.... 9 . argument 动词:___________ argue with sb______________ argue about sth ____________________ 10. latest _________________ 翻译late, later, latest She is never late for class. ___________ It was late autumn and the weather was a little cold. _______________ I am busy now. I will call you later. _____________ If you work hard, your dream will come true sooner or later. ______________ Have heard of the latest news? 11 . look after(look after/look up/look for/look out等词的区别) My parents go out. I have to look after my little brother. ____________ If you don’t know a new word, you can look it up in a dictionary. ____________ --What are you doing? -- I’m looking for my wallet. I can’t find it. ____________ The boy looks like his father very much. ____________ Look out! The bus is coming! ____________ 选词填空: The boy is old enough to look _____ himself. Look _____～ There is danger ahead. 12 .serious ----Don't joke with me. -----I am serious. He always looks serious and never laughs. _____________ It’s nothing serious. She’s only tired. _____________ 13. ask ask sb to do / ask sb. not to do sth ask sb for sth 妈妈让我去帮她买点东西。 Joy向他的爸爸要了50元做零花钱。 14. expect want, hope, wish, expect 这四个动词都可以 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示愿望，意思为―想要‖、―希望‖、―期望‖ 等，但它们的用法有别。 1)want sth想要某物; want to do sth.要做某事; want sb.to do sth.(需)要某人做某事 2)wish表示客观上不太可能实现的希望或表示祝愿。 常用于:wish+to do sth.希望做某事 ; wish+sb. to d o sth.希望某人做某事; wish+sb.+n,/adj.祝愿某人...... ; wish+that clause但愿. .....(从句要用虚拟语气) I wish you success! I wish you happy! Wish(that) I were young again. 3)hope强调主观上的―希望‖。常用于:hope to do sth.希望做某事; hope+that clause希望...... [注意] hope后不能跟复合宾语，即hope sb do sth。 We hope to visit Yan'an soon. Our foreign friends hope that they can joinn the May Day celebrations in Beijing. 4)expect强调客观上可能实现的―期望‖，―期待‖等。 常用于: expect sth盼望或期待某物; expect(sb.) to do.sth.期望做某事; expect+that clause期望/期待...... He is expecting her letter. Don't expect too much of him. She expects to go there next week. I expected that he would come one day. Step 3: 直接引语变间接引语 1))直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。 如ask sb. to do，(由肯定祈使句变成)ask sb. not to do(由否定祈使句转变)，并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状 语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如: He said，―Be seated, please.‖——> He asked us to be seated. ―Do be careful with your handwriting.‖ He said. ——> He told me to be careful with my handwriting. ―Never come here again!‖ said the officer nearby. ——> The officer ordered the villagers never to go there again. ―Don't touch anything in the lab without permission,‖ the teacher said. ——> The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab without permission. 2)有些含有―建议‖——>、―劝告‖——>的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述，如: He said, ―Let's have a rest.‖——> He suggested our having a rest. He said, ―Let me help you.‖——> He offered to help me. 3)当直接引语形式上是疑问句，有表示请求，建议意义时，可用ask sb. to do sth. /suggest doing/advise sb. to do sth. 等 形式转述。如: ―Would you mind opening the door?‖ he asked. ——>He asked me to open the door. ―Why not going out for a walk?‖ he asked us. ——> He advised us to go out for a walk. 或He suggested we go out for a walk. 4、时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化 1)时间状语: 直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语 now then tomorrow the next(following)day today that day next week the next(following)week(month, year) yesterday the day before two days ago two days before last week the week before this week that week(month, year) 2)指示代词:these 变成those 3)地点状语:here变成there She said, ―I won't come here any more.‖——> She said that she wouldn’t go there any more.. 4)动词:come变成go，bring变成take 宾语从句三大要素 一( 引导词 1)that 2) if/whether 3) wh- ?只能用whether不能用if的情况: I wondered whether I could go with or not. They asked me whether to go skating. We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow. I don’t know whether he’s free or not. Exercise ( )1. I know ______ he is a doctor. A. that B. who C. when D. what ( )2. I wonder ______ has happened to her. A. that B. why C. which D. what ( )3. I don’t know ______ he will be back home. A. who B. what C. when D. where ( )4. - I don’t know ______ she is - Her mother says she is much better these days. A. who B. how C. what D. where ( )5. Do you know ______ they listened to yesterday evening. A. what B. when . C. why D. how ( )6. I don’t know ______ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where ( )7. They don’t know ______ their parents are. A. that B. what C. why D. which ( )8. I don’t know ______ to visit the old man. A. whether B. if C. that D. who ( )9. - Does she like to have tea or coffee? - It is unknown ______ she would like to have. A. how B. as C. that D. which ( )10. -I don’t know ______ Mr Green will come to see us. -He will help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where ( )11. He asked me ______ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane. A. that B. if C. how D. what ( )12. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper ______ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if ( )13. Miss Liu said ______ she would leave the message on the headmaster’s desk. A. that B. where C. what D. which ( )14. ______ he’ll come or not isn’t important. A. Why B. If C. Whether D. What ( )15. Mother asked ______ I had heard________ she said. A. if ; what B. whether ; that C. that ; that D. that ; what 二( 语序 陈述语序(主+谓语+宾语…) ?语序不变的情况:(疑问词做主语) I don’ know what’s the matter. Can you tell me who is over there? 三( 时态 当主句的时态是现在时时，宾语从句用所需要的时态 当主句的时态是过去时时，宾语从句则变为相应的过去时(客观真理不变) 时态 形式 时态 形式 简单句 一般现在时 Sb do/does sth 现在进行时 Sb am/is/are doing sth 宾语从句 简单句 一般过去时 Sb did sth 过去进行式 Sb. was/were doing sth. 宾语从句 简单句 一般将来时 Sb. will do.. 现在完成时 Sb have done sth 宾语从句 Exercise 1. The radio says it _________ cloudy tomorrow. (be) 2. The headmaster hopes everything ___________ well. (go) 3. Tom says that they ______________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening. 4. I hear they ______________ (return) it already. 5. He said that they ___________ members of the Party since 1948. (be) 6. He asked what they _____________ at eight last night. (do) 7. The teacher told his class that light ____________ faster than sound. (travel) 8. I think you ____________ about the murder now. (talk) 9.I didn’t know whom the letters ______ from. (be) 10. I didn’t know what time he _______ the letter. (write) 11. Mr Wang told me that the earth ______ (move) round the sun. 12. Could you tell me who ___________ away the book already? (take) 13. Ling Feng told me he _________ there several times. (be) 14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in the east. (rise) 15. Can you tell me what they ______ yesterday? (do) 综合训练:合并下列句子 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to go skiing? He asked. 4. He is doing his homework. He said. 5. He will come back. Tom said. 6. Is she doing her homework? Jim asked. 7. When will he come back? Tom asked. Step 4: Unit5综合训练(另外见复印件) Step5: Homework(另外见复印件)