常考词
1 meeting, conference, gathering, party
meeting表示“偶然的或拟定的,短暂的或持续的聚会”,可以用于两人或多人。
All the members of this club had a meeting last Friday.
conference表示“会谈,会议,谈判”,常用于就某个重大问题进行专门研究或交换意见的讨论会、协商会等。
Many reporters came to attend the press conference last month.
gathering一般表示“非正式的集会”,常用于群众性的活动(如联欢会等)。
There was a large gathering of people at the ceremony.
party表示“社交性或娱乐性的集会”。
Did you enjoy his birthday party?
2. once, as soon as
once表示“一旦……就……”,除含时间之意外,还表示“条件”。
Once he makes up his mind, he’ll never give it up.
as soon as表示“刚……就……”或“一……就……”,强调的只是时间。
As soon as I get to Washington, I’ll telephone you.
3 wear, have on, put on, dress
wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜(手套、首饰、帽)等,以强调“穿(戴)着”的状态。
Mr. Wood always wears sun glasses in summer.
have on表示“穿(戴)着”,同wear一样,也表状态,不能用于进行时态。
John has on a white shirt today.
put on着重强调“穿(戴)上”的动作。
I like to put on my hat and ear covers when I go out in winter.
dress既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等物。
The little girl can dress herself.
4. road, street, way, path
road表示“路,道路”。
A group of geese are walking along the road.
street表示“城镇、乡村两旁有建筑物的街道”。
Go along the street, and take the second turning on the left.
way表示“任何可以通行的路”。
How can I get there? I don’t know the way.
path表示“小路,小径”。
They walked along the path leading to the top of the hill.
5 quiet, silent, still
quiet表示“安静的,寂静的”。
Y our father needs peace and quiet because he’s working.
silent表示“寂静的,沉默的”。
He always keeps silent when the others are playing around.
still表示“安静的,不动的”。
Stand still while I take your photo
6 living, alive
living用于生物时,表示“活着的”。
The living are more important to us than the dead.
alive表示“活着的,在世的”,着重于状态。
The rabbit we caught is still alive.
7 like, love, enjoy
like表示“喜欢,爱好”,指对某人某事赞许或发生兴趣,并积极参加活动。
I like reading.
love表示“爱好,爱”,表示深深的爱。
We love our country.
enjoy表示“喜爱,欣赏,享受”,广泛应用于从外界事物中得到喜悦,领略到乐趣。
I enjoyed the movie a lot.
8 insist on, stick to
insist on表示“坚持要求”,后常接doing。
The office boy insisted on his coming with us.
stick to表示“坚持”,后常接sth.。
9 happen, take place
happen表示“发生”,是无意识的。
When did the accident happen?
take place表示“举行”,是有意识的。
When will the wedding take place?
10 gather, collect
gather表示“把分散的东西集中到一起”。
Gather your toys up.
collect表示“精心地、有选择地进行收集”。
He collected a lot of valuable stamps.
他收集了许多有价值的邮票
collect one's thoughts 与gather one's thoughts 之间便有明显的含义差别,前者的意思是把自己的思想有条理地组织起来,后者的意思是把分散了的思想集中起来。
11 forget, leave
forget表示“遗留”时,forget后只跟事物,不跟地点或场所。
That old lady always forgets her key.
leave表示“遗留”时,一定接地点场所。
My boss left his key at home this morning.
12 finally, at last, in the end
finally表示“最后”,指某一动作发生的顺序是在最后。
She finally agreed with me.
at last表示“终于”,指经过一番曲折或努力之后某事才发生,强调其结果。
After a lot of difficulties, he succeeded at last.
in the end表示“最后”,指经过若干周折或努力而最后发生了某事。
We did experiment after experiment, and in the end we succeed.
13 fear, frighten
fear表示“害怕……”。
He was shaking with fear.
frighten表示“使……害怕,使……吃惊”。
Does the spider frighten you?
14 fall down, fall into, fall off, fall onto,
fall down表示“(人)跌倒,摔倒,绊倒”,用作不及物动词。
The old lady fell down in the street and broke her leg.
fall into表示“掉到……里,陷入(困难)”。
A car fell into the river while it is speeding on the bridge.
fall off表示“从……上落下,掉下,摔下”,用作及物动词。
The boy fell off a tree and broke the arm.
fall onto表示“掉到……上”。
The books fell off the desk onto the ground.
15 decide, determine
decide表示经过考虑或讨论研究做出决定。
Our boss decided not to go to Egypt by ship.
determine表示决心已下,任何力量都动摇不了。
I determined to give him a chance.
16 discover, find, find out, invent,
discover表示“发现”,指偶然或经过努力发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事物。Columbus discovered America in 1492.
find表示“找到,发现”,着重指找到的结果。
They finally found a way to solve the problem.
find out表示“找出,发现,查明(真相等)”,指经过研究或询问查明某事或真相。Please find out when the ship sails for Sydney.
invent表示“发明”,指通过劳动运用聪明才智发明(创造)出以前从未存在过的新事物。Who invented the computer?
17 damage, destroy, ruin
damage表示“损坏,破坏”,毁坏的程度通常是可以修补的。
The earthquake damaged several buildings.
destroy表示“破坏,摧毁,消灭,毁灭”,毁坏的程度是不能修补的。
The big fire destroyed the whole building.
ruin表示“毁灭”,把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度。
The storm has ruined all the crops here.
18 cross, across, crossing
cross作动词用时,表示“横过”。
They are crossing the river.
across可作介词或副词,表示“横穿,横过”。
The Bank of China is across the street.
crossing表示“横穿,交叉,十字路口,人行横道”。
Those children are standing at a crossing waiting for their school bus.
19 care, care about, care for, care to
care表示“在意,关心,顾虑,照顾,喜爱”,但其后通常接从句。
I don’t care where you have been.
care about表示“关心,计较,在乎”,一般用于否定句。
He cares deeply about the environment.
care for表示“关心,照料,喜欢,愿意”,一般用于肯定句或疑问句。
Who will care for your children when you are away?
care to表示“愿意,欲望”,后接动词原形。
Would you care to join us for dinner?
20 best, hit, strike
beat表示“连续性地击打”。(指无规律的击打)
The rain beat against the windows.
hit表示“打中,对准打”。
He hit me with his hand.
strike表示“重击、打一下或若干下”。(指有规律的撞击)
The clock struck 12 when we arrived the church..
21 big, huge, large, vast
big表示“尺度、重量、容积等大”。
Our room is bigger than theirs.
huge表示“体积大(还可指超越一定
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的大)”。
That little boy was given a huge piece of cake.
large表示“面积大,范围大,数目大”。
Police discovered a large quantity of drugs in the van.
vast表示“范围、地域大、巨大的”。(也可指数目巨大的)
There are vast forest areas along the Amazon River.
22 besides, except, except for
besides表示“除了……(包括在内)”。
Besides chocolate and fruit juice, we need bread and eggs.
except表示“除了……(不包括在内)”。
Every one of us, except him, went to the theatre for The Twelfth Night.
except for表示“整体……除了某一点以外”。
The essay is good except for a few mistakes.
23 be pleased with, be pleased at/about, be pleased to
be pleased with表示“对……满意,喜欢……”,后面通常接指人的名词或代词。
The president was pleased with all of his men in his company.
be pleased at/about表示“对看到或听到的事感到高兴”,后面接指事的名词或v-ing。
I am pleased at seeing so many students present.
be pleased to表示“很高兴或很乐意做某事”,其中to是不定式符号,后面接动词原形。My boss must be pleased to see you again in Moscow.
24 ashamed, shameful
ashamed表示“感到羞耻,觉得惭愧,不好意思”,指主观认为是可耻的。
He was ashamed of losing his wife’s necklace the other day.
shameful表示“不可饶恕,可耻”,指事物本身的客观性质是可耻的。
To steal money from a blind person is a shameful act.
25 arrive, get, reach
arrive表示“达到,抵达”,不及物动词,后接in (大地点),at (小地点)。
When will you arrive in London, Mr. Wallace?
get表示“到达,抵达”,不及物动词,后接to。
When we got to the airport, the flight had taken off.
reach表示“到达,抵达”,及物动词。
His letter reached me this morning.
26 alone, lonely
alone = by oneself, without others表示“独自一人”,可作表语和宾补。
He went to the separate island all alone.
lonely表示“孤独,寂寞”,主观上渴望有伴。若指地方,则表示“人迹罕至的,荒凉的,偏僻的”,可作定语或表语。
The old man was alone in the house on the top of the hill, but he didn’t feel lonely.
27 agree on, agree to, agree with, agree that
agree on表示“就……取得一致意见”。
We couldn’t agree on what to buy.
agree to有两层含义和用法:
(1)to作为动词不定式符号,其后面跟动词原形,表示“同意做某事”。
They agreed to meet on Sunday.
(2)to作为介词,之后跟表示
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、条件、建议等一类的名词或代词。
The manager has agreed to our plan.
agree with表示“同意某人意见”,其后可跟表示人的名词或代词。
We didn’t agree with what she said at the meeting.
agree that表示“认为……”,其后跟宾语从句。
We agreed that they would deliver the sofa in the morning
28 admit sb./sth. to..., admit of, admit to
admit sb./sth. to表示“……允许某人或某物进入某处”。
This visa will admit you to that country.
admit of表示“容许有,有……可能,容有……余地”。
The facts admit of no other explanation
admit to表示“承认”。
She admitted to stealing the keys.
29 a number of, the number of
a number of表示“许多”,谓语动词用复数。
A number of visitors pay a visit to the museum every day.
the number of表示“……的数目”,谓语动词用单数。
The number of pandas is increasing.
30 at the age of, by the age of
at the age of表示“在……岁时”。
She published a book at the age of ten.
by the age of表示“到……岁的时候,在……岁以前”。
By the age of sixteen, he had won ten gold metals.
31 . at the beginning, in the beginning
at the beginning表示“在……,在初……开始的时候”,常与of连用。
All of us should be careful with our work at the beginning of term.
in the beginning表示“起初,首先”,相当于at first。
In the beginning, some of us took no interest in this game.