1.定语从句(熊老师高考英语复习资料)

语法部分 一定语从句 引导定语从句的连词有:which, who, that, whose, when, where, how, where, why.根据关连词在句中可作不同的成份,现将关连词在定语从句中作主语,宾语,状语, 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 语,定语进行归纳。 1关系代词作主语。 Do you know the man who/that is standing at the school gate.? (who/that在定语从句中充当主语) Have you visited the museum which /that was built twenty years ago? (which/that在定语从句中充当主语) The building which /that stands near the river is our school. (which/that在定语从句中充当主语) 2.关系代词作宾语 This is the very book that I want to buy. The doctor that/ who you are asking for is in the next room . 注意;介词提到关系代词前不用that,而用which , whom.如: The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. He never forgot the day on which he was admitted into Beijing University. Tom is the boy with whom I went shopping yesterday. 如果是固定的动词词组,介词不能提前,如; This is the person (who) I am looking for.(不能说This is the person for whom I am looking) 3 关系代词作定语 The woman whose house was broken into was found crying on the street. (whose在定语从句中充当定语,修饰house) The book whose cover is blue is mine.=The book , the cover of which is blue, is mine 4 关系副词作状语 I know the reason why he was late. We are looking forward to the day when China will host (举办)the Olympic Games . This is the house where Dr. Wang lived. 注意: 先行词是表示地点时。有时用where,有时用that/which.引导定语从句,这时要根据谓语动词是否及物动词来决定。是及物动词时用that/which,是不及物动词时用where,如: This is the house where he lived last year. This is the house that/ which he visited last year. 关系词如果是作主语也要用which, that 而不用where如: The house which/that was built in 1978 has been pulled down.(这个句子中的which/that在句中作主语,不能改为where) 先行词表示时间时,如果从句的谓语动词是及物动词用that/which,是不及物动词时,用when如: I will value the days that/ which we spent together.(句中的that/which在句中作宾语不能when) Do you still remember the day when/on which I saw you off at the station? The days are gone forever when we were bullied by others. I regret wasting the days and hours which/that should have been spent on lessons.(句中的which/that在句中作句语不能改为when) 5在下列情况下that用,不用which引导定语从句。如: (1).先行词是不定代词:all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything All that we have to do is to practise every day. There is much that must be done now. (2).先行词被行容词最高级, 序数词,the first , the last; all, any, every, few, little, very, no, much, some, the only, the same, I have read all the books that you lent me. He is the only person that I want to talk to. Have you got anything that belongs to me? The first lesson that I was taught will never be forgotten. (3)先行词是“to be”后的表语或关系代词本身在从句中作表语时。如: It is a book that will be very popular.( a book是is后的标语) He is not the man that he was .(that在定语从句中作was的表语) (4)当主句以here, there 开头时。如: Here is a good place that we have been looking for. There is seat in the corner that is free. (5)先行词既有人也有物时,关系代词用that The old man still remembers the persons and the things that were describled in the story. 6.在下列情况下要用which , who,而不用that. (1)非限制性定语从句不用that,指人用who指物用which; He live in Beijing, which is the capital of Beijing. Just now I saw Tom, whom you are looking for. (2)句首有疑问词who, which 时,用that,不用who. which Who is the girl that is standing near the door? Which of the books that were borrowed from him is the best? 7.以no one, everyone, someone, anyone, those为先行词,关系代词用who不用that Those who are in favor of the plan, please raise your hands No one who has read the book doesn’t like it. 8.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是不可缺少的一部分。从句和主句之间不能用逗号分开。而非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明,没有从句也不会影响主句意思的完整。一般用豆号把主句与从句分开。通常不用关系代词that,而应该用关系代词which, who. (1)限制性定语从句 He has a son who is in the army. (He maybe has more than one son)他有一个在部队的儿子。 (2)非限制性定与从句 He has a son, who is in the army. ( He has only one son)他有一个儿子,在部队。 Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 注意: A先行词为专用名词时,要用非限制性定语从句,如: Bill settled down in Hongzhou, which is famous for its beautiful scenery. B.先行词被指示代词或物主代词修饰时,要用非限制定语从句。如: His brother, who is an expert at engineering, will go abroad next week. These machines, which were made in Shanghai, sell very well at both home and broad. C. 在非限制性定语从句中,关系代词不能省略,如: Mr. Smith, whom I have worked with for ten years, retired yesterday. 7. which , as引导的定与从句。 (1)在下列情况下用as A.表示“正如” He is good at physics, as we all know. She is very careful, as her work shows. As is known to all, the earth goes around the sun. B.as引导的定语从句既可放在句首也可放在句子的后半部分。Which引导的从句只 能放在句子的后半部分,如: As I remember, he was born in 1980. He is kidding, not serious, as everyone can see. He is very strict in work, which is very important. (2)在下列情况下用which A.which引导的从句时,对主句所叙述的情况进行补充说明,主句内容所造成的一种 状态或结果. Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light. She married Joe, which surprised everyone. The child had a fever, which worried his parents. .B.当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或从句的谓语带的是一个复合宾语结构下,一般用which不用that, as.如: Y ou pretend not to know, which I didn’t understand. He admires Mrs. Brown, which I find strange. C.不能省略非限制性定语从句中的be时,用which.反之用as Jane said that he had won the match, which was a lie. As (was) planned, we met at the airport