文丘里管射流装置的结构及工作原理

文丘里管射流装置的结构及工作原理 作者:西南科技大学 王海军 着现代工业的加速发展，在工农业生产的诸多领域对射流技术的需求日渐广泛。如金属切割、打磨、工件的 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 面清洗等，因此，提高射流装置的效率，降低其成本，具有重要意义。现有的液体加压射流喷射器装置，主要是以气压机与泵相结合的加压喷射器装置为主。进入2O世纪8O年代以来，各国多把注意力集中在如何形成一种特殊的脉冲射流发生器上，许多研究人员为此进行了大量的研究与实验，提出了各种类型的脉冲水射流发生装置，但对于改进射流喷头方面并没有太大的发展，尤其是结构的简化方面。传统设备在生产工艺上虽然可以满足实际需求，但是其结构复杂、体积相对较大，且不能满足一些特殊的要求，如强腐蚀性液体、磨液、易堵高粘稠性液体等对设备损坏较大，造成设备无法正常运行，折旧速度加快。笔者利用文丘里管结合气压机的射流装置，革新了喷射器部分。在本设计中真空度主要由“文丘里管(真空泵主要构件)”产生，而且可以达到要求;若采用两根“文丘里管”串连，则产生的真空度达原来的十几倍。射流的压力大小主要由速度决定，调节气流的相关参数即可以对射流进行调节。本设计将原有普通连续水射流喷射器结构与文丘里管结构相结合，利用喷管高压空气流从小孔吹出的方式而使液室产生真空引力引起气液在混合室混合。因此，可以由空气吹出速度的大小来调节真空度的大小。该装置减少了原有的加压喷射器需要泵提供液体注入动力，节约了能量、减小了体积。 to find solutions. Especially valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the considerable work in blue, from yinglaisongwang, provide services to invite businessmen and for major projects, micromanaging, hands-on, real offices full service, full service role. Hotel in Pingliang, Pingliang building and printingBrush factory service quality and service levels have also been further enhanced. Second, creatively work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, and the shift to a more directly involved in the project, from the small projects to large projects to introduce change, strengthening project work. Liaison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to national construction projects, I work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial authorities on contact and, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, timely feedback on the city and the County (district). Liaison Office in Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national, provincial, for State investment of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the city's four pillar industries, large projects and more mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp the 图1 文丘里管射流实验装置结构示意图 压力表1、2、3分别测量文丘里管人口、喉、出口，B1、B2分别为调节阀， α、β分别为文丘里管的前后倾角。其中α=15? β=12?，管直径a=50 mm，文丘里管的喉部直径b=15(6 mm，全管的长度为400 mm。 2 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 与结果 2(1 原理 文丘里管射流装置的工作原理可以用伯努利方程和连续方程来表达: 伯努利方程: 连续方程: (2) V? A=常数 式中，V-流体流速，m,s;g—— 重力加速度，n;ρ—— 流体压力，Pa;γ—— 流体比重，M,n3;z--流体势能，m;A—— 过流截面，m2。 文丘里管的流量特征可用下式表示: to find solutions. Especially valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the considerable work in blue, from yinglaisongwang, provide services to invite businessmen and for major projects, micromanaging, hands-on, real offices full service, full service role. Hotel in Pingliang, Pingliang building and printingBrush factory service quality and service levels have also been further enhanced. Second, creatively work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, and the shift to a more directly involved in the project, from the small projects to large projects to introduce change, strengthening project work. Liaison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to national construction projects, I work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial authorities on contact and, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, timely feedback on the city and the County (district). Liaison Office in Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national, provincial, for State investment of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the city's four pillar industries, large projects and more mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp the 式中，Q1—— 注人文丘里管的液体量，m,s;Q2—— 文丘里管流出流量，m,s;?H- 文丘里管前后压差，m;?p—— 文丘里管前后压力损失，Pa;k2—— 与?H相对应的总阻力综合参数;p1—— 并联文丘里管的入口压力，Pa;p2—— 并联文丘里管的出口压力，Pa。支管两端的压力损失?H可用下式表达: 式中Σδ--支管各处(包括文丘管)的总阻力系数;v--通过支管各处的流量，m,s。导出总阻力综合参数k2及流速v2、v3由式(2)、(3)、(4)可以推出: 式中d- 喷管各处的直径，m。 又由式(2)、(3)可以推出: 式中 v2—— 通过文丘里管导出的液体流速，m,s; v3—— 通过文丘里管喉部的流速，m,s。在文丘里管的喉部应用伯努利方程(1)得: 式中p3—— 文丘里管的喉部压力，Pa;?h1—— 文丘里管逐步缩小的压力损失，m;?h2—— 压力表(1)与文丘里管前端之间的压力损失，m。 由(3)、(4)、(5)、(6)、(7)、(8)可以推出P3与?p、P4、Q2以及文丘里管结构性能参数(k2、c1 、c、d2、d3)之间的函数关系式: to find solutions. Especially valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the considerable work in blue, from yinglaisongwang, provide services to invite businessmen and for major projects, micromanaging, hands-on, real offices full service, full service role. Hotel in Pingliang, Pingliang building and printingBrush factory service quality and service levels have also been further enhanced. Second, creatively work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, and the shift to a more directly involved in the project, from the small projects to large projects to introduce change, strengthening project work. Liaison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to national construction projects, I work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial authorities on contact and, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, timely feedback on the city and the County (district). Liaison Office in Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national, provincial, for State investment of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the city's four pillar industries, large projects and more mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp the 式中，c1为与?h1相对应的前倾角阻力系数，c为与?h2相对的阻力系数。 根据以上推导，理论上可得出如下结论:(1)、文丘里管喉部压力P3与前后压力差?p成线性关系即与?H成线性关系;(2)、文丘里管喉部压力P3与流量平方(Q2-Q1)2成线性关系。 2(2 实验研究 建立图1的试验装置，以上述特定的文丘里管射流喷射器装置为研究对象。结合公式(3)、(9)的结论，通过调节阀b1、b2及高压气泵a对上述试验装置相关参数进行测量得到P3与?H以及Q22之间的经验公式和关系曲线(图2、图3)。 通过对两组参数的测定，所得的实测数据经线性拟合数据得p3与?H以及与Q22有如下经验公式: P3=-0.140?H+0(050 P3=-0.033(Q2-Q1)2 +0(430 在实际的自吸式液体加压喷射器装置的加工中可以通过控制参数的?H大小来对装置的型号进行确定。在实际的生产过程中则可以通过调节流量Q22来进行适时控制。 3 结论 to find solutions. Especially valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the considerable work in blue, from yinglaisongwang, provide services to invite businessmen and for major projects, micromanaging, hands-on, real offices full service, full service role. Hotel in Pingliang, Pingliang building and printingBrush factory service quality and service levels have also been further enhanced. Second, creatively work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, and the shift to a more directly involved in the project, from the small projects to large projects to introduce change, strengthening project work. Liaison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to national construction projects, I work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial authorities on contact and, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, timely feedback on the city and the County (district). Liaison Office in Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national, provincial, for State investment of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the city's four pillar industries, large projects and more mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp the 利用文丘里管与原有射流喷头相结合而设计的新型射流喷射器装置，不仅结构简单，造价低，而且其可行性强。P3与流过的流量成线性关系(如图2、图3的曲线所示)，经试验分析P3在-0(9—-0(2 Mp 之间具有相当较好的独立线性度，其独立线性度为12(O,。通过在该范围内调节相关参数，对需加压液体Q1状态进行有效控制。根据这一特征，文丘里管液体加压喷射器装置在实际运用中，只要喉部压力P3在-0(9,0(2 MPa之间，控制文丘里管两端压差或流过的流量，就可以利用其较好的线性关系简单地控制喉部压力，有效地调节射流流量及强度。 采用文丘里管液体加压喷射器较其他同类设备具有以下优点:(1)体积小，结构简单。在实际工程运用中体积经常是一个相当重要的因素，该装置体积较其它装置体积大幅度减小，整个装置重量为1 kg左右，这极大的增加其使用范围，也方便了设备的改进。如:在工程中可以在气液进口处改为软管而实现其可移动使用等。(2)耗能低。该装置的运用可以减少一些其它的设备如液泵等，即可以起到节能的效果。而且，自吸式吸人是在利用高压气流对液体产生的横向力的基础上设计，不仅克服原有采用气压机和液泵结合的设备垂直管注入液时高压气流对注入液的影响，而且利用了上述阻力。(3)运用范围广泛。由于其价格、体积及内部结构上的特点，该装置较其它相同类型装置，更加具有灵活性，方便使用于狭窄的工作环境。该装置的前端可以设计可调换的各种喷头的接口可，以按所需射流进行调换。其简单的结构使其不易堵塞，而且造价较低，即使出现腐蚀或堵塞也可以直接更换，而不须在维修及设备时更换投入较大的资金。文丘里液体加压喷射器装置在强度及流量的调节方面具有简便的特点，其在结构、价格及功能上的优势为其展现了广阔的前景。 致谢:本项目得到西南科技大学材料学院陈尚伟、陈彦两位老师的悉心指导，在此谨致谢忱。 参考文献 1 李百军，毛罕平，李凯(并联文丘里管吸肥装置的研究及其参数选择[J](排灌机械，2001(1:42,45 2 张也影(流体力学[M](北京:高等教育出版社，1992 to find solutions. Especially valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the considerable work in blue, from yinglaisongwang, provide services to invite businessmen and for major projects, micromanaging, hands-on, real offices full service, full service role. Hotel in Pingliang, Pingliang building and printingBrush factory service quality and service levels have also been further enhanced. Second, creatively work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, and the shift to a more directly involved in the project, from the small projects to large projects to introduce change, strengthening project work. Liaison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to national construction projects, I work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial authorities on contact and, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, timely feedback on the city and the County (district). Liaison Office in Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national, provincial, for State investment of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the city's four pillar industries, large projects and more mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp the 3 许一飞，许炳华(喷灌机械原理、设计、应用[M](北京:中国农业机械 出版社，1989 4 童秉纲，孔祥言，等(气体动力学[M](北京:高等教育出版社，1990(end) to find solutions. Especially valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the considerable work in blue, from yinglaisongwang, provide services to invite businessmen and for major projects, micromanaging, hands-on, real offices full service, full service role. Hotel in Pingliang, Pingliang building and printingBrush factory service quality and service levels have also been further enhanced. Second, creatively work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, and the shift to a more directly involved in the project, from the small projects to large projects to introduce change, strengthening project work. Liaison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to national construction projects, I work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial authorities on contact and, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, timely feedback on the city and the County (district). Liaison Office in Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national, provincial, for State investment of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the city's four pillar industries, large projects and more mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp the