酚红指示法检测长须白蛉肠道酸碱度的变化_英文_

酚红指示法检测长须白蛉肠道酸碱度的变化_英文_ PHENOL RED M ETHOD FO R M EA SUR ING THE pH O F THE GUT CO NTENTS IN L U TZOM YIA L ON G I PAL P IS (): PSY CHOD ID A ED IPTERA ζ3 N e sto r A nezY in sh an T an g , ,5101, F acu l tad d e C ienc iasU n iv e rs id ad d e L os A nd esM e r id a V enez u e la . P au l AB a te s , , 3 5, L iv e rp ool S ch ool of T rop ica l M ed ic ineP em brok e P laceL iv e rp ool L QA U K A BSTRACT : A IM T o deve lop a m e tho d to e st im a te th e pH o f th e gu t co n ten t s o f fem a le sandf lie s u sing a . : m ic ro cap illa ry feed ing tech n iqueM ETHOD SF em a le L u tz om y ia long ip a lp is w e re fed w ith a sm a ll ( ) 6. 828. 4. quan t ity o f p h eno l red so lu t io n ind ica to r range pH befo re and af te r a b loo dm ea lT h e co lo u r p a t te rn s o f th e gu t co n ten t s w e re reco rded by v ideo m ic ro scop y imm ed ia te ly af te r th e a li2 , . m en ta ry cana l w a s d issec ted o u t o f th e sandf ly bo dyand u sed to de te rm ine th e pH leve lRE2 ( ) SUL TS: In unfed f lie s th e tho rac ic m id2gu t TM G is no rm a lly neu t ra l, w ith th e pH rang ing be2 () 27. 0 7. 3; 7. 1 8. 4 tw een to and th e abdom ina l m idgu t AM Gis m ild ly a lk a line f rom pH to w ith th e 2. m ax im um pH o b se rved a t th e junc t io n w ith th e h indgu tT h e p re sence o f suga r in th e c rop reduced 6. 8, th e pH o f th e TM G to and th e p re sence o f a recen t ly inge sted b loo dm ea l ra ised th e pH o f th e 7. 4. , TM G to H ow eve ra s b loo dm ea l d ige st io n p ro ceeded th e pH o f th e TM G w a s reduced to ac id ic , 6. 8 . : leve lspH o r be lowCO NCL US IO NT h e new m e tho d co u ld be in teg ra ted w ith th e inve st iga2 .t io n o f m e tacyc lo gene sis o f L e ishm an ia p a ra site s in v iv o : , , , , , Key W ordspH de tec t io nP sycho d idaeL u tz om y ia sandf ly gu tp h eno l redL e ishm an ia 2. T h e san df ly gu t is an en v iro nm en t sp e2 L e ishm a n ia lifecyc lestu d ie s o f th e . c ia lised fo r foo d d ige st io nIt is a lso an en v i2 M A TER IAL S A ND M ETHOD S ro nm en t w h e re p ro to zo an p a ra site s o f th e gen u s L e ishm a n ia rep lica te an d deve lop in to 50% A so lu t io n o f sa tu ra ted pH in d ica2 . va r io u s fo rm sT h e pH o f th e gu t is an im 2 (6. 82 , , to rp h eno l red PR effec t ive ran ge pHpo r tan t p a ram e te r th a t m ay affec t th e ac t iv i2 ) 8. 4, w a s fed th ro u gh a m ic ro cap illa ry in to 2()ty o f bo th m ic ro o rgan ism s an d d ige st ive . . th e san df ly gu t F igA A f te r th e PR so lu 2 . en zym e sIt m ay a lso affec t th e deve lopm en2 t io n an d th e gu t co n ten t s h ad b een m ix ed , fo r a t lea st lh th e gu t w a s d issec ted o u t in 2 , ta l b io lo gy o f L e ishm a n ia p a ra site ssin ce it 10 is k now n th a t low ex te rn a l pH in v it ro is a tac t an d b a th ed in a d rop o f mm o l p ho s2 1 ( ) , , 7. 2. fac to r th a t in du ce s m e tacyc lo gen e sisth e p h a te b u ffe red sa lin e PB S pH T h e d iffe ren t ia t io n p ro ce ss th a t re su lt s in th e co lo u r p a t te rn s o f th e gu t w e re th en reco rd2 2ed an d u sed to in d ica te th e pH o f th e gu t m amm a lin fec t ive o r m e tacyc lic p rom a st ig2 .. o te fo rmT h e sim p le tech n iqu e o f m ea su r in g co n ten t s th e pH o f th e san df ly gu t co n ten t s w h ich de sc r ib ed in th is p ap e r m ay p ro v ide an in v i2 3 : , P re sen t add re ssD ep a r tm en t o f B io lo g ica l Sc ience sv o sy stem to in ve st iga te th e ro le o f pH in , , 5 5, Kee le U n ive r sityS taffo rd sh ireST B GU K 酚红指示法检测长须白蛉肠道酸碱度的变化 ζ 唐银山N e s to r A nez , ,5101, F acu ltad de C ienc ia sU n ive r sidad de L o s A nde sM ré ida V enezue la . P au l AB a te s , , 3 3, L ive rpoo l Schoo l o f T rop ica l M ed ic ineP em b ro k e P laceL ive rpoo l L Q A U K 提要 目的: 作者建立酚红指示法检测长须白蛉中肠酸碱度用于检测在中肠不 受损伤的情况下其内含物酸碱度的变化。方法: 用玻璃微管强迫长须白蛉 L u tz om y ia 吸食少量50% 饱和酚红溶液至中肠。解剖后, 观察肠道内各部位的颜色, lon g ip a lp is () 用以显示其内含物的酸碱度。结果: 饲糖组白蛉胸部中肠 的酸碱度一般呈中 TM G () 性, 7. 027. 3; 腹部中肠 呈弱碱性, 7. 128. 4, 并且从前往后逐渐增高。如 pH AM GpH 果嗉囊中有糖残留, 的 可降至6. 8。饲血组 酸碱度在吸血后1—3 内 TM G pH TM G d 可达 但随着血液的逐步消化, 其 则逐渐降至或低于6. 8。此时期 的降 7. 4, pH pH pH 低, 是利什曼感染型发生期。结论: 本法可用于检测白蛉中肠的 具有简便准确等 , pH 优点, 通过对 变化的检测, 可间接反映肠道内利什曼感染型的发展变化。pH 关键词值测试 毛蛉科 罗岭属 白蛉中肠 酚红 利什曼原虫pH 珠海市1986—1995年外来人口与当地人口疟疾发病对比 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 珠海市卫生防疫站珠海519000 陈伦松 珠海市位于广东省南部珠江口西岸, 境内以山单位门诊的“四热病人”血检疟原虫的阳性者。同时地丘陵区为主, 部分为滨海冲积平原, 属低纬度南亚 对疫点周围人群及部分外来与当地人口进行带虫调 热带季候风气候, 自然因素适合疟疾流行。1954年疫 查及荧光抗体检测。 情 报 告 疟 疾 7 274 例, 年 发 病 率 为 247. 639 以 下。 1986年至结果与分析 外来人口与当地人口 从1985年调查, 广东省四种主要传疟媒介中华按蚊、微 1995年10年间, 进入该市领取暂住 1 小按蚊、日月谭按蚊和嗜人按蚊均存在。自1985年 证人口累计有2514 013人, 与当地人口之比由1986 进行大规模经济建设以来, 随着经济的迅速发展, 外 年的1? 4增至1995年的1? 1. 5, 如果加上未办理暂住 来人口逐年增多, 疟疾病例明显增加, 点状暴发流行 证人口, 估计平均为1? 1。 时有发生, 发病率由1985年的2. 939 增至1993年的 血检阳性率、带虫发病率 15. 519 。现就外来人口与当地人口的疟疾发病状况 1986—1995年的外来人口的“四热病人”共血检 作对比分析。 62 204人, 平均年血检率为2. 5% , 检出疟原虫阳性3 资料来源与方法 552 人, 阳 性 率 为 5. 71% , 平 均 带 虫 发 病 率 为 14. 人口数采用该市公安局每年年终统计的有暂住 539 。同期的当地人口平均年血检率为1. 8% , 血检 证人口数及当地人口数。疟疾病例数为各医疗卫生 Prepa ra t ion of pH in d ica tor f lu id cam e ra. Sa tu ra ted PR so lu t io n w a s p rep a red b y Ca lcula t ion of the vo lum e of the f ir st 0. 01 m ix in g g o f w a te r so lu b le PR pow de r drop of PR tha t san df l ie s ta ke 1 w ith m l o f d ist illed w a te r a t room tem p e r2 C a lcu la t io n s w e re m ade acco rd in g to . a tu reT h e su sp en sio n w a s th en cen t r ifu ged , th e ap e r tu re o f th e m ic ro cap illa ryth e sp eed an d th e u n d isso lved p a r t ic le s w e re d isca rd2 o f th e f lu id b e in g fed an d th e du ra t io n o f th e . edT h is so lu t io n w a s th en d ilu ted in to h a lf . 2 feed in g sT h e size o f th e f ir st d rop o f PR so , st ren g th w ith d ist illed w a te rt ran sfe r red in 2 lu t io n th a t w en t in to th e TM G w a s abo u t - 43 to a sea led co n ta in e r an d sto red in a ref r ig2 ( )1. 66 ×10mm 0. 166 n l. T h e in it ia l vo l2 - 2 e ra to r a t 4? fo r fu r th e r u se. ×101. 67um e o f th e gu t co n ten t s is abo u t 3 M icroca p illa ry f eed in g of f l ie s () 16. 7 . , mm n lb y ca lcu la t io nT h e refo reth e Co lo n ised L u tz om y ia lon g ip a lp is w a s 100PR so lu t io n w a s d ilu ted app ro x im a te ly . u sed in th is stu dyT h e rea r in g m e tho d fo l2 2t im e s w h en m ix ed w ith th e m idgu t co n2 22low ed th a t o f K illick K en d r ick & K illick .ten t s 2 K en d r ick . Tw o g ro up s o f 4252day2o ld fe2 Prepa ra t ion of the ser ia l pH in d ica tor s . m a le f lie s w e re p rep a red fo r th e stu dyT h e In o rde r to in te rp re t th e co lo u r p a t te rn s 10 f ir st g ro up co n sisted o f f lie s af te r em e r2 , o f th e gu t co n ten t sa refe ren ce se r ie s o f pH 24 gen ce w ith th e su ga r supp ly rem o ved 5 co lo u r s w e re p rep a red in Λl m ic ro cap illa r2 ; ho u r s b efo re th e exp e r im en tth e seco n d ( 2. 5 ? 1 ie sm l o f w a te rd ilu tedPR so lu t io n g ro up w a s o ffe red a b loo d m ea l o n a seda ted ) ( )100 10 . w a s p laced in a g la ss tu b e m l. 27 h am ste ro f th e b loo d fed f lie s in w h ich 6. 7 8. 5 0. 1 T h e pH w a s ad ju sted f rom to a t th ree o f th em w e re te sted each day f rom th e . in te rva lsA sm a ll sam p le a t each in te rva l 24 . f ir st ho u r s af te r b loo d m ea lSu ga r sup 2 () 5 , w a s tak en b y a m ic ro cap illa ry Λlw h ich 24 p lie s w e re a lso rem o ved ho u r s p r io r to w a s th en v ideo ed to ge th e r w ith th e o th e r s . th e te st sT h e m ic ro cap illa ry feed in g m e tho d . to fo rm th e refe ren ce co lo u r b an d sT h e fo llow ed th a t de sc r ib ed b y H e r t ig an d H e r2 3 : < 6. 8 - 6. 9 ,co lo u r s o b se rved w e reye llow . t ig T h e m ic ro cap illa ry w a s d isco n n ec ted 7. 0- 7. 7. 6 7 - 8. 0 3 o ran ge, 7. 4 - red , 7. f rom th e m o u th p a r t s imm ed ia te ly af te r th e f 1 - ye llow ish p u rp le, 8. 8. 3 redd ish p u rp le, ir st d rop o f liqu id w en t in to th e tho rac ic an d 8. 4 o r o ve r b lu ish p u rp le. 2, m id gu ta s revea led b y d irec t o b se rva t io n o f Equ ipm en t . co lo u r th ro u gh th e tho rac ic cu t ic leT h e f lie s 11 A Ze iss S tem i SV d issec t in g m ic ro 2 w e re th en re lea sed in to in d iv idu a l v ia ls an d k ep t fo r abo u t o n e ho u r to a llow th e PR so 2 2scop e w a s f it ted w ith a So n y CCD IR IS lu t io n to m ix tho ro u gh ly w ith th e gu t co n2 . co lo u r v ideo cam e raT h e im age s w e re . ten t sT h e w ho le gu t w a s th en ca refu lly re2 reco rded w ith a v ideo reco rde r an d p layed . m o ved in tac t f rom th e san df ly bo dy in a b ack o n a co lo u r m o n ito rT h e co lo u r se t2 () 7. 2. , d rop o f PB S pH o n a g la ss slideT h e t in g s o f th e m o n ito rw h ite b ack g ro u n d se t2 co lo u r s o f th e gu t an d th e p ro g re ss o f th e t in g s o f th e v ideo cam e ra an d th e ligh t tem 2 d issec t io n s w e re reco rded u n de r a v ideo .p e ra tu re w e re f ix ed th ro u gho u t th e stu dy - 9 PH of san df ly gut con ten ts, 1Table 2 RESUL TS day s af ter blood m ea l Sandf ly D ay s TM G AM G C rop B loo d T h e ch an ge s in co lo u r p a t te rn s o f th e N O 10 1 - + + + + f reed san df ly gu t w e re no t seen u n t il 6. 927. 01 7. 427. 6 2 + + + + + . m in u te s af te r d issec t io nT h e pH d ist r ib u2 3 + + + + + 7. 427. 6 t io n in u n fed fem a le san df ly gu t s is show n 4 - + + + 7. 427. 67. 427. 6 5 2 - + + + 1. in T ab le A sligh t ly ac id ic o r n eu t ra l pH 7. 427. 6 6 - + + + w a s fo u n d a t th e stom o daea l va lve an d n eu2 7 - + 6. 827. 027. 67. 16. 827. 0 3 8 7. 127. 3 - + + t ra l co n d it io n s in th e TM G. T h e re w a s a 9 7. 427. 6 - + + + 8. 4 10 - - g radu a l in c rea se o f pH f rom n eu t ra l to 6. 827. 08. 328. 4 8. 328. 5 4 11 - + o r o ve r in th e AM G w ith th e pH reach in g 8. 328. 5 8. 328. 4 12 - + + 7. 027. 4 2.m ax im a l a t th e ju n c t io n w ith th e h in dgu t 13 - - 6. 827. 027. 06. 8F lie s w ith f lu id in th e c rop ten ded to h ave 7. 48. 227. 6 28. 4 14 - - 5 15 - - 6. 827. 0 6. 827. 0 .u n even d ist r ib u t io n s o f pH in th e AM G 8. 228. 4 Table 1 PH of san df ly gut con ten ts bef ore blood m ea l 16 + - 27. 38. 128. 4 7. 16. 827. 0 17 - - 6. 827. 0 Sandf ly 7. 728. 0 6 TM G AM G C rop .N o 7. 127. 3 18 - - 6. 827. 0 7. 728. 0 7. 128. 2 1 7. 0 7. 127. 528. 4 2 7. 0 6. 827. 327. 3 19 6. 8+ - 7. 728. 4 8. 228. 4 3 7. 0 8. 028. 4 27. 3 7. 728. 3 7. 04 20 7. 027. 3 + - 7 6. 827. 0 7. 027. 3 7. 127. 3 5 6. 827. 0 6. 827. 0 6. 827. 027. 1 7. 127. 3 6 21 - - 6. 827. 0 7. 128. 427. 5 7 8. 028. 4 6. 827. 3 7. 427. 6 8 c rop fu ll 22 + - 8. 028. 56. 827. 0< 6. 8 8. 028. 4 9 c rop fu ll 7. 427. 6 23 6. 827. 0 + - 8 10 7. 027. 328. 1 7. 027. 3 c rop fu ll 8. 028. 4 27. 9 - 8. 427. 027. 4 7. 424 6. 827. 0 + - 7. 728. 0 25 + - 6. 827. 07. 728. 09 26 6. 827. 0 7. 728. 0 + - E st im a t io n s o f pH leve ls af te r b loo d 27 6. 87. 0+ - 27. 0 27. 3 2. 1 feed in g a re show n in T ab le O n day s an d 2 , af te r feed in gth e pH in th e TM G w a s e le2 D ISCUSS IO N 7. 4. va ted to R ead in g s co u ld no t b e o b ta in ed in th e AM G a s th e b loo dm ea l in side th e p e r2 It is d iff icu lt to m ea su re th e pH o f th e it rop h ic m em b ran e o ccup ied m o st o f th e gu t co n ten t s in in sec t s w ith comm e rc ia l e2 , sp ace in th e gu t lum en an d fu r th e rm o reth e qu ipm en t, a ltho u gh a m ic ro 2e lec t ro de sy s2 red b loo d ce lls w o u ld a lso in te rfe re th e 2 2ch lo 2 an d silve rtem u sin g an t im o n ysilve r . co lo u r read in gA s b loo dm ea l d ige st io n p ro 2 e lec t ro de s w a s repo r ted fo r su ch p u r2 r ide 4 , ceeded in th e fo llow in g day san d th e c rop . , , po se T o u se th is m e tho dhow eve rth e , co n ta in ed f lu id f rom su ga r feed in gth e pH gu t w a ll h a s to b e p en e t ra ted w ith e lec2 6. 8 .o f th e TM G redu ced dow n to o r b e low .t ro de s in o rde r to acce ss th e f lu id s in side T h e pH p a t te rn s in th e AM G w e re m o re T h is dam age m igh t a lte r th e pH read in g s o n d iff icu lt to in te rp re t an d show ed u n even , th e m e t rean d is p a r t icu la r ly d iff icu lt w ith p a t te rn s o f d ist r ib u t io n. sm a ll in sec t s su ch a s san df lie s. T h e m e tho d de sc r ib ed in th is repo r t is ab le to p ro v ide in 2 gu t w e re d iff icu lt to o b ta in. N o PR so lu t io n 2. fo rm a t io n o n pH co n d it io n s w h ilst th e gu t reach ed th e h in dgu t in u n fed f lie sH ow ev2 2, e rth e in d ica to r reach ed th e h in dgu t in . , rem a in s in tac tF u r th e rth e va lve s a t bo th 2som e o f th e b loo dfed f lie s af te r th ey h ad d i2 en d s o f th e gu t w e re ab le to iso la te th e gu t . ge sted th e b loo d m ea lIt is p ro b ab le th a t . co n ten t s f rom th e so lu t io n o u t sideT h is 2th e acce ss to th e h in dgu t is p reven ted p r io r m igh t b e th e m a in rea so n w h y th e co lo u r to d ige st io n an d defaeca t io n o f b loo dm ea l p a t te rn in th e gu t lum en w a s re la t ive ly sta2 . rem n an t sT h e lim ited da ta o b ta in ed an d th e , b lean d rem a in ed u n ch an ged fo r a s lo n g a s g rad ien t o f pH in th e AM G a re su gge st ive 10 m in u te s af te r d issec t io n. 2.o f an a lk a lin e h in dgu t en v iro nm en t P re lim in a ry te st s w ith th e PR so lu t io n T h e read in g s o f th e pH in th e gu t w e re < 6. 8 > 8. 4 a t th e leve ls o f o r show ed th a t lim ited b y th e effec t ive ran ge o f th e in d ica2 th e sm a ll am o u n t o f in d ica to r f lu id in t ro 2 . , to r u sedFo r ex am p leth e re w e re som e ca s2 du ced b y m ic ro cap illa ry feed in g h ad no o b v i2 e s w h e re th e pH o f th e TM G m ay h ave b een o u s affec t in a lte r in g th e pH in th e gu t co n2 6. 8 8. 4 b e low o r o ve r w h en th e c rop o r th e .ten t s o f san df lie s it se lf m idgu t w a s f illed w ith f lu id in th e p ro ce ss T h e p re sen ce o f su ga r o r b loo d in th e . o f su ga r o r b loo d d ige st io nT h e u se o f o th 2 d ige st ive lum en w a s ab le to affec t th e d ist r i2 e r in d ica to r dye s an d exp e r im en ta t io n w ith b u t io n o f th e co lo u r p a t te rn in th e AM G 2L e ishm a n ia in fec ted san df lie s h a s th e po ten2 ( )F ig. B . In co n t ra st, th e pH in th e TM G t ia l to revea l fu r th e r in fo rm a t io n o n th e . w a s m o re u n ifo rm in d ist r ib u t io nT h is a2 p h y sio lo gy o f d ige st io n in fem a le san df lie s g ree s w ith th e no t io n th a t d ige st ive ac t iv i2 an d th e effec t s th a t th is m ay h ave o n th e de2 , t ie s a re co n cen t ra ted in th e AM Gin it ia lly .ve lopm en t o f L e ishm a n ia . , w ith in th e p e r it rop h ic m em b ran eH ow eve r . . , .Fo r F ig sAB see o u te r b ack co ve r u lt im a te ly th e TM G is th e lo ca t io n w h e re m o st L e ishm a n ia p a ra site s accum u la te in in 2 ACKNOWL ED GEM ENTS W e th ank M r s A da linda , fec ted san df lie se sp ec ia lly a t th e stom o daea l O lla rve s fo r p ro v id ing th e sandf lie s, th e f inanc ia l suppo r t 2va lve lo ca ted a t th e f ro n t en d o f th e m id gu t 22743295, 2fo r YT f rom CD CH T U L A P ro jec t C CON IC IT , in th e la te r stage s o f th e in fec t io n an d S l295000889 and th e F acu ltad de C ienc ia s, U n ive r sidad de m e tacyc lo gen e sis p ro b ab ly o ccu r s a t th is lo 2 2L o s A nde s and th e enco u ragem en t f rom P ro fe sso r Guan L i . .ca t io nA ltho u gh w e h ave no t p e rfo rm ed ex 2 ren th ro ugho u t th e study , p e r im en t s w ith in fec ted f lie s to da teth e se REFERENCES re su lt s f rom u n in fec ted f lie s su gge st th a t 1 B a te s P A , T e t ley L. E xp P a ra sito l 1993; 76: 412 L e ishm a n ia p a ra site s in th is lo ca t io n co u ld 2 2, . 2, . K illick Kend r ick M & K illick Kend r ick RP a ra sito l ( ) 1991; 33 1. 1: 315.Supp .b e expo sed to re la t ive ly ac id ic co n d it io n s , , . 1927; 65: 3283 H e r t igA T H e r t ig M Sc ience T h is rem a in s to b e de te rm in ed exp e r im en2 4 , . . B igg s D R G reenw ay R M M cg rego r P GE n tom o lo g ia 1994; 73: 31E xp e r im en ta lis e t A pp lica ta .ta lly 26 1996 15 1997R ece ived N o vem be r A ccep ted A ugu st 2R ead in g s o f pH co n d it io n s in th e h in d () 编辑: 任燕芬 酚红指示法检测长须白蛉肠道酸碱度的变化PHENOL RED M ETHOD FO R M EA SUR ING THE PH O F GUT CO NTENTS IN L U TZOM YIA L ON G I PAL P IS THE (): PSY CHOD ID A ED IPTERA ( )正文见第64页. 64 Fo r tex t, see P F ig. A Fema le L u tzomy ia lon g ip a lp is f ed w ith phen o l red through a g la ss m icrocap illary . , F igB the co lour pa ttern of the gut of a f ed f lyshow in g the var ia t ion of the pH m ea sure s a t d if f eren t par ts of the gut () 国内统一刊号—1248本刊代号4—362 941 国内定价: 6. 20元31ƒ CN RQ