翻译硕士英语习题1

Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write your answers on the Answer Sheet. 1. She did her work _________her manager had instructed. A. as B. until C. when D. though 2. _______ of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night. A. None B. Both C. Neither D. All 3. For some time now, world leaders _______ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction. A. had been pointing B. have been pointing C. were pointing D. pointed 4. Have you ever been in a situation ______ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him? A. by which B. that C. in where D. where 5. We’ve just installed two air-conditions in out apartment, _______should make great differences in our life next summer. A. which B. what C. that D. they 6. AID is said _________ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. A. being b. to be C. to have been D. having been 7. She managed to save ______ she could out of her wages to help her brother. A. how little money B. so little money C. such little money D. what little money 8. Fool ____ Jane is, she could not have done such a thing. A. who B. as C. that D. like 9. The experiment requires more money than _____. A. have been put in B. being put in C. has been put in D. to be put in 10. _______ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. A. Had it not been B. Hadn’t it been C. Was it not D. Were it not 11. “ What courses are you going to do next semester?” “ I don’t know. But its about time _______ on something.” A. I’d decide B. I decided C. I decide D. I’m deciding 12. The police have offered a large ________for information leading to the robbers arrest. A. award B. compensation C. prize D. reward 13. I arrives at the airport so late that I ______ missed the plane. A. only B. quite C. narrowly D. seldom 14. The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers’ fears were completely ______ A. unjustified B. unjust C. misguided D. unaccepted 15. The head of the Museum was ____ and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts. A. promising B. agreeing C. pleasing D. obliging 16. The multinational corporation was making a take-over _____ for a property company. A. application B. bid C. proposal D. suggestion 17. The party’s reduced vote was ______ of lack of support for its policies. A. indicative B. positive C. revealing D. evident 18. There has been a ______ lack of communication between the union and the management. A. regretful B. regrettable C. regretting D. regretted 19. The teacher ________ expects his students to pass the university entrance examination A. confidently B. proudly C. assuredly D. confidently 20. The ______ family in Chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before. A. normal B. average C. usual D. general 21. The new colleague ____ to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company. A. confess B. declares C. claims D. confirms 22. During the reading lesson, the teacher asked students to read a few ______ from the novel. A. pieces B. essays C. fragments D. extracts 23. During the summer holiday season it is difficult to find a(n) _____ room in the hotels here. A. empty B. vacant C. free D. deserted 24. The old couple will never ______ the loss of their son. A. get over B. get away C. get off D. get across 25. Scientific research results can now be quickly ________ to factory production. A. used B. applied C. tried D. practiced Part II. Reading Comprehension Text A Many of the home electric goods which are advertised as liberating the modern woman tend to have the opposite effect, because they simply change the nature of work instead of eliminating it. Machines have a certain novelty value, like toys for adults. It is certainly less tiring to put clothes in a washing machine, but the time saved does not really amount to much: the machine has to be watched, the clothes have to be carefully sorted out first, stains removed by hand, buttons pushed and water changed, clothes taken out, aired and ironed. It would be more liberating to pack it all off to a laundry and not necessarily more expensive, since no capital investment is required. Similarly, if you really want to save time you do not make cakes with an electric mixer, you buy one in a shop. If one compares the image of the woman in the women’s magazine with the goods advertised by those periodicals, one realizes how useful a projected image cab be commercially. A careful balance has to be struck: if you show a labor-saving device, follow it up with a complicated recipe on the next page; on no account hint at the notion that a woman could get herself a job, but instead foster her sense of her own usefulness, emphasizing the creative aspect of her function as a housewife. So we get cake mixes where the cook simply adds an egg herself, to produce “ that lovely home-baked flavor the fami ly love”, and knitting patterns that can be made by hand, or worse still, on knitting machines, which became tremendously fashionable when they were first introduced. Automatic cookers are advertised by pictures of pretty young mothers taking their children to the park, not by professional women presetting the dinner before leaving home for work. 26. According to the passage, many of the home electric goods which are supposed to liberate women_________ A. remove unpleasant aspects of housework. B. Save the housewife very little time. C. Save the housewife’s time but not her money. D. Have absolutely no value for the housewife. 27. According to the context, capital investment refers to money _____ A. spent on a washing machine. B. borrowed from the bank. C. saved in the bank. D. lent to other people. 28. The goods advertised in women’s magazin es are really meant to ________ A. free housewives from housework. B. Encourage housewives to go out to work. C. Turn housewives into excellent cooks. D. Give them a false sense of fulfillment. Text B The “standard of living” of any country means the average persons shares of the goods and services which the country produces. A country's standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy.- "goods" such as food and cloth-ing, and "services" such as transport and entertainment. A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country' s natural re-sources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions ofthe world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess none of them. Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. Some countries are per-haps well off in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons have been unable to develop their resources. 'Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country's people. Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled.A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced throughinternational trade. For example, Britain's wealth in foodstuffs' and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would otherwise be lacking. A country's wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures. 29. The standard of living in a country is determined by___________ A. its goods and service. B. the type of wealth produced. C. how well it can create wealth. D. what an ordinary person can share. 30. A country's capacity to produce wealth depends on all the factors EXCEPT________ A. peoples share of its goods. B. political and social stability. C. qualities of its workers D. use of natural resource 31. According to the passage,________ play an equally important role in determining a country’s standard of living. A. farm products B. industrial goods C. foodstuffs D. export import Text C How we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when we are in fourteens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept our-selves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion. Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress ina certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment. Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cute boy's hair in the same way as he used to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest fashionable Styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd ordull.What causes fashions to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats, for example. In cold climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caused a depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats: more American men followed his example. There is also a cyclical pattern in fashion. In the 1920s in Europe and America, short skirts became fashionable. After World War Two, they dropped to ankle length. Then they got shorter and shorter until the miniskirt was in fashion. After a few more years,skirts became longer again. Today, society is much freer and easier than it used to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fashion. The popularity of jeans and the "untidy" look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashions of the top fashion houses. At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choose our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater; and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depressed if you don't look like the latest fashion photo. Look around you and you’ll see that no one else does either! 32. The author thinks that people are____________ A. satisfied with their appearance. B. concerned about appearance in old age. C. far from neglecting what is in fashion. D. reluctant to follow the trends in fashion. 33. Fashion magazines and TV advertisement seem to link fashion to _________ A. confidence in life. B. personal dress. C. individual hair style. D. personal future. 34. Causes of fashions are ____________ A. uniform. B. varied C. unknown D. inexplicable. 35. Present-day society is much freer and earlier because it emphasizes ________ A. uniformity. B. formality. C. informality D. individuality. 36. Which is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Care about appearance in formal situations. B. Fashion in formal and informal situations. C. Ignoring, appearance in informal situations. D. Ignoring appearance in all situations. TEXT D Massive changes in all of the world's deeply cherished sporting habits are underway. Whether it's one of London's parks full of people playing softball, and Russians taking up rugby, or the Super bowl rivaling the British Football Cup Final as a televised: spectator event in Britain, he patterns of players and spectators are changing beyond recognition, we are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture. That annual bicycle race, the Tour de France, much loved by the French is a good casein point. Just a few years back it was a strictly continental affair with France, Belgium and Holland, Spain and Italy taking part. But in recent years it has been dominated by Colombian mountain climbers, and American and Irish riders. The people who really matter welcome the shift toward globalization. Peugeot. Michelin and Panasonic are multi-national corporations that want worldwide returns for the millions they invest in teams. So it does them literally a world of good to see this unofficial world championship become just that. This is undoubtedly economic-based revolution we are witnessing here, one made possible by communications technology, but made to happen because of marketing considerations. Sell the game and you can sell Coca Cola or Budweiser as well.The skilful way in which American football has been sold to Europe is a good example of how all sports will develop. The aim of course is not really to spread the sport for its own sack, but to increase the number of people interested in the major money-making events. The economics of the Super bowl are already astronomical. With seats at US$125, gate receipts alone were a staggering $10,000,000. The most important statistic of the day, however, was the $100,000,000 in TV advertising fees. Imagine how much that becomes when the eyes of the world are watching. So it came as a terrible shock, but not really as a surprise, to learn that some people are now suggesting that soccer change from being a game of two 45-minute halves, to one of four25-minute quarters. The idea is unashamedly to capture more advertising revenue, without giving any thought for the integrity of a sport which relies for its essence on the flowing nature of the action. Moreover, as sports expand into world markets, and as our choice of sports as consumers also grows, so we will demand to see them played at a higher and higher level. In boxing we have already seen numerous, dubious world title categories because people will not pay to see anything less than a " World Title " fight, and this means that the title fights have to be held in different countries around the world! 37. Globalization of sporting culture means that ______- A. more people are taking up sports. B. traditional sports are getting popular. C. many local sports are becoming international. D. foreigners are more interested in local sports. 38. Which of the following is NOT related to the massive changes? A. Good economic returns. B. Revival C. Communications technology. D. Marketing strategies. 39. What is the authors attitude towards the suggestion to change soccer into one of four 25-minute quarters? A. Favorable. B. Unclear C. Reserved D. Critical 40. People want to see higher-level sports competitions mainly because______ A. they become more professional than ever. B. they regard sports as consumer goods. C. there exist few world-class championships D. sports events are exciting and stimulating. Text E The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that is it, because new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living. Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and Japan at its pre-bubble peak. The U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor U.S. economic performance. Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese countere pants a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job. More recently, while examing housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English- speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry’s work. What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don’t force it. After all, that’s how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn’t have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things. As education improved, humanity’s productivity potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesn’t constrain the ability of the developing world’s workforce to substantially improve productivity for the forested future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn’t developing more quickly there than it is. 41. The author holds in paragraph 1 that the important of education in poor countries ___________. [A] is subject groundless doubts [B] has fallen victim of bias [C] is conventional downgraded [D] has been overestimated 42. It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system __________. [A]challenges economists and politicians [B]takes efforts of generations [C] demands priority from the government [D] requires sufficient labor force 43.A major difference between the Japanese and U.S workforces is that __________. [A] the Japanese workforce is better disciplined [B] the Japanese workforce is more productive [C]the U.S workforce has a better education [D] ]the U.S workforce is more organize 44. The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged __________. [A] when people had enough time [B] prior to better ways of finding food [C] when people on longer went hung [D] as a result of pressure on government 45. According to the last paragraph , development of education __________. [A] Results directly from competitive environments [B] Does not depend on economic performance [C] Follows improved productivity [D] Cannot afford political changes Part III. Writing Write an English composition with 160-200 about doing exercising。