英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案

英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 说明 关于失联党员情况说明岗位说明总经理岗位说明书会计岗位说明书行政主管岗位说明书 :本处提供的参考答案完全是为了教学、教育目的而制作，参考答案分别源自福州 大学外国语学院英语系翻译课程小组及邹申主编的《新编高等院校英语专业八级考试指南》 ,2001，上海:上海外语教育出版社,(转引自松园英文书院和《中国翻译》等，供同学们 学习、比较。 1995年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 C-E原文: 简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。因此不少中国读者不理 解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处， 的确不在题材大小。有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。这不仅因为她的语言 精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么 浅白，那么透明。史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重 要”和“不重要”的看法。也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事” 的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。 参考译文: However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important” and what is not. E-C原文 I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life?For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small 1 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us. 参考译文: 对我的几个儿子来说，乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，垂钓来的鱼，邻里菜园和果园里可 供分享的丰盛瓜果。乡下有不用付报酬便可请来照看孩子的邻居，作为回报，我儿媳也帮着 照看其孩子。乡邻之间互相交换技能和劳动。但比之更重要的是，你如何来衡量那静谧与安 详,如何来衡量自我价值呢, 我无意将小地方的生活理想化。因为有时外面的世界会无情地侵入:比如汽油价格上涨， 开发商把眼睛盯住尚未开发的农田;那里充斥着凶残和偏狭，大城市的种种卑劣行径，小地 方也一应俱全。不仅如此，当人们无法自欺欺人地硬把那些丑恶现象想象成只是小地方的一 小部分或将它们解释为异乡人的为所欲为，而又不得不承认这一切是我们的一部分时，就更 难以忽视它们。 1996年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 C-E原文: 近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多， 于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手 中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。 在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会，冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识，如果 是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可 缺少的礼节。然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，双方见面寒暄几句，甚至海阔天空 地聊一番也就各自走开，只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。二话 不说先递名片反倒显得有些勉强。 参考译文: In Paris, cocktail parties and buffet receptions of different kinds offer great opportunities for making friends. On such occasions, strangers may get to know each other. If they are Asians, they will, very respectfully and with both hands, present their calling cards to their interlocutors before any conversation starts. This seems to be the required courtesy on their part. The French, however, usually are not so ready with such a formality. Both sides will greet each other, and even chat casually about any topic and then excuse themselves. Only when they find they like each other and hope to further the relationship will they exchange cards. It will seem very unnatural to do so before any real conversation gets under way. 96 Version C-E In Paris, cocktail parties and buffet receptions of various kinds offer good opportunities for making friends. On such occasions two strangers may meet. If they are from Asia, they tend to present with respect their own name cards to each other before they speak, which seems to be indispensable social protocol/etiquette. However, the French don’t do it that way. Instead of offering their visiting cards, they may stop to exchange greetings or even chat casually about any topic before they part and go away (they may say hello to each other, chat for a while and the walk away). They offer/exchange their name cards only when they find the chatting very agreeable and would like to have further contact. It would be embarrassing /unnatural for them to give their name cards before they speak/talk to each other. E-C原文: It should have been easy. They were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even 2 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 longer ties to the Republican party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation’s economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a top-flight staff, travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills. Reagan has succeed more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America – a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government. 参考译文: 这应该不是件难事。这都是些跟着里根多年、久经沙场的老将，他们跟共和党则有更深 厚的渊源，是这个国家里最熟悉总统政治的人。竞选的背景也很有利，也很多好消息可供炒 作。例如，美国上下一片和平，美国经济这一竞选要素也在经过一段时间的衰退之后开始强 劲反弹。此外，这次竞选本身得到了慷慨资助，因此有充裕的资用于组织一流的竞选班子、 支付巡回演讲和电视广告的费用。而最重要的一点是，他们的候选人是罗纳德?里根，他可 是位极具个人魅力和沟通技巧的总统。自约翰?F?肯尼迪总统以来，里根是最成功地勾勒 出美国蓝图的总统:一个军事力量复兴、富有个人进取心、联邦政府得以精简的国家。 1997年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 C-E原文: 来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，大多非常刻苦勤奋，周末也往往会抽出一 天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果出得较多。我的导师是亚裔人， 嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔学生 的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余5位均是亚裔学生。 他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌:“本室助研必须每周工作7天，早10时至晚12时， 工作时间必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所呆的3年半中，共 有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。1990年夏天，我不顾别人劝 阻，硬着头皮接受了导师的资助，从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。 参考译文: Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to pursue their further education in the United States work on their studies most diligently and assiduously. Even on weekends, they would frequently spend one day, or even two days, to work overtime in their laboratories. Therefore, compared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful. My supervisor is of Asian origin. He is addicted to alcohols and cigarettes, with a sharp/irritable temper. Nevertheless, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students and has a particularly keen insight into what Asian students have on their mind. Hence, of all the students recruited into his laboratory, except for one German, the other five were all from Asia. He even put an eye-catching notice on the door of his lab, which read, “All the research assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.. Nothing but work during the working hours.” This supervisor is reputed on the entire campus for his severity and harshness. During the 3 and a half years that I stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed until they graduated with their Ph.D. degrees. In the summer of 1990, ignoring the dissuasions from others, I accepted my supervisor’s sponsorship and embarked on my difficult journey of 3 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 academic pursuit. 97 Version C-E My tutor/supervisor was of Asian descent who drank and smoked a lot (had a habit of drinking and smoking) and was quite hot/short /quick-tempered. However, he highly appreciated Asian students for their diligence and solid command of fundamental knowledge (he admired the diligence of Asian students and their firm grounding in science), and he knew well about what they thought and how they felt. That was why of the 6 students admitted to his lab that year 5 were of Asian descent with only one from Germany. On the door of his lab there was an eye-catching notice which read, ”Lab assistants must work with devotion from 10 a.m. to 12 p.m., 7 days a week.’ Harsh and demanding, the tutor had earned a campus-wide reputation for his strictness with students. During the 3 and a half years when I stayed with him, a total of 14students were admitted to his lab but only 5 succeeded in taking their doctoral degrees/managed to complete their Ph.D. studies. E-C原文: Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are not inevitably the province of the rich unless we abdicate society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera, and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire; they carry the most profound messages that can be sent from one human to another. 参考译文: 聆听歌剧，无疑昂贵至极。但是，昂贵的事物并非必定属于富人的范畴，除非我们放弃 社会的选择权。我们可以选择去使歌剧以及其他某些昂贵的文化形式也能为那些不具备个人 支付能力的人所享受。但问题是，我们有必要这么做吗,没人会否认食物、居所、防护、健 康与教育的不可或缺性。但即便是在史前时代的洞穴中，人类伸出手来，早就不单纯是为了 吃、喝或搏杀，而且亦进行绘画创作。人类对于文化的冲动，通过形象思维和再现手段来表 现并探索世界的欲望，乃亘古有之。在欧洲，这一欲望在我们的音乐、艺术、文学和戏剧杰 作中寻找到了其实现形式。这些杰作构成了我们全部努力的试金石。作为试金石，它们能衡 量出人类的思想和想象力所可能企及的程度。它们携带着最寓意深刻的主题，可在人类彼此 间相互传递。 1998年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 C-E原文: 1997年2月24日我们代表团下榻日月潭中信大饭店，送走了最后一批客人，已是次日 凌晨3点了。我躺在床上久久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，只见四周峰峦叠翠，湖 面波光粼粼。望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多„„ 这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大 家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的 青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华 4 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的 祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。 世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿 态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。 日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索„„ 参考译文: The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances. Whenever people gather together, an important topic of discussion has been how the Chinese nation can become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century. Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan live in different social contexts (environments / milieus), with their individually different experiences of life, in the innermost recesses of their hearts are wrought an indelible mark by the fine traditions of the Chinese culture. They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation (They share the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation). In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is developing toward greater prosperity and powerfulness. People across the Taiwan Straits are bound to strengthen their exchanges and will mutually promote the earliest possible achievement of the great cause of reunification of the motherland. The precious opportunities and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the foreground (forefront) of the historical arena (stage). At this transitional phase between the two millennia, in what way the young generation should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes is a question to which we have to seek an answer. 98 Version C-E The visit to Taiwan was busy but fruitful. We went to many places and made many new friends as well as meeting with old ones. When we were together, the topic for common concern was about how to build a stronger and more prosperous China in the coming 21st century. Although we (young people from the mainland and those from Taiwan live in ) are from different social environment with different life experiences, we all have the fine tradition of the Chinese culture deeply engraved upon our heart and we all share the common dream of revitalizing our Chinese nation. In this great trans-century times when our motherland is marching towards prosperity, there should be more frequent contacts between people from the two sides of the Taiwan Straits so that they/we can work together for an earlier reunification of the motherland. Opportunities as well as challenges provided by the turn of the century have pushed us to the stage of the history. What should we youth, a cross-century generation, do to welcome/embrace the new century of hope? This is a question we (all have to answer) cannot shun. E-C原 文: I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive over phrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminent — e. g. in painting and music — they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they really represent an “English tradition” after all. 5 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step. At any given moment the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same styles in dress, the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualification to precede the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England) will be one of degree, sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence is a subtle affair, liable to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses grew out of his own, which in several ways still resembles his own — and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend. 参考译文: 那么，要谈论美国文学，倒并非意欲断言，它与欧洲文学全然大相径庭。广而言之，美 国与欧洲一直同步发展，协调一致。在任何一个特定的时刻，旅行者在两地均能目睹同一样 式的建筑实例，相同款式的服饰，书架上相同的书籍。在大西洋两岸，思想如同人员与货物 往来一样自由交流，尽管有时会略显迟缓。当我提及美国式的习惯、思想等概念时，我意欲 在“美国式的”这一词汇之前加上某种限定，因为欧美(尤其是英美)之间的差异往往只是 程度上的差异而已，并且有时候仅仅只是微乎其微的一点程度差异而已。差异的多寡是件极 为微妙的事务，这极容易使一个英国人在审视美国时大惑不解。他所审视的那个国家，从某 些重要的意义上来说，诞生于他自己的国家，并在某些方面仍与他自己的国家相差无几—— 然而，它却实实在在是一个异邦。两者间存在着某些古怪的交替重迭，以及令人甚感突兀的 陌生感;亲缘关系已让位于一种突如其来的异化与疏远，这种情景仿佛就像我们隔着马路向 另一个人打招呼，结果却从这个人漠无表情的反应中发现，我们原来竟将一个陌生人误认为 我们的熟人。 1999年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 C-E原 文: 加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁生日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。以港立市，以 港兴市，是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。经过百年开发建设，有着天然不冻良港的温哥华， 成为举世闻名的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量 达到8，000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。 温哥华(Vancouver)的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。 加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长 期奉行的国策。可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民，不同的只是时间长短 而已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是 在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决 定性的作用。他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的 中国人聚居地。 参考译文: The glory of Vancouver has been achieved through the wisdom and the industry of the Vancouver people, including the contributions of many ethnic groups. Canada, sparsely populated, has a territory larger than that of China, but its population is only less than 30 million. Consequently, to attracting immigrants from other countries has become a national policy long 6 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 practiced/followed/cherished by Canada. All Canadians except the American Indians, so to speak, are foreign immigrants, differing only in the length of time they have settled in Canada. Vancouver, in particular, is one of the few most celebrated multi-ethnic cities in the world. Among the 1.8 million Vancouver residents, half of them are non-natives and one out of every four residents is from Asia. The 250,000 Chinese there have played a decisive role in the transformation of Vancouver's economy. Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver over the past five years only, rendering Vancouver the largest area outside Asia where the Chinese inhabit. 99 Version C-E Vancouver’s prosperity owes to the intelligence and diligence of the people there, as well as to the contributions made by a variety of other ethnic groups. Canada is vast country with a sparse population, having a territory larger than that of China but a population of less than 30 million. That is why Canada has long adopted a national policy of absorbing immigrants from other countries. We may say that, with the exception of the (aboriginal) Indian people, Canadians are made up immigrants, different from each other only in how long they have settled down there. Vancouver is most typical of this which is among the few cities in the world featuring multi-nationalities. Of the 18 million people living in Vancouver nowadays, half were not born in Vancouver and 1/4 is from Asia. Out of the 250 thousand Chinese-Canadians who have played a decisive role in Vancouver’s economic growth, half have immigrated to the region only 5 years before. All these Chinese-Canadians have made Vancouver the region with the largest Chinese communities outside China. 文: E-C原 In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places. In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to bear children (or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce. Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family —they need children to enrich the circle, to validate its family character, to gather the redemptive influence of offspring. Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution uniquely available, at least in principle, for security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile, world. To most people, such a home base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance and in generational extension. 参考译文: 在某些社会中，人们希望拥有孩子是出于所谓的家庭原因:传宗接代，光宗耀祖，讨好 祖辈，使那些涉及到家庭的宗教仪式得以正常进行。此类原因在现代世俗化的社会中似显苍 白，但它们在其他地方曾一度构成并确实仍在构成强有力的理由。 此外，有一类家庭原因与下列类别不无共通之处，这便是:生儿育女是为了维系或改善 婚姻:能拴住丈夫或者使妻子不致于无所事事;修复或重振婚姻;多子多孙，以为家庭幸福 惟有此法。这一点更可以由其反面得到昭示:在某些社会中，无法生儿育女(或无法生育男 7 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 孩)对婚姻而言是一种威胁，还可作为离婚的现成借口。 后代对于家庭这一体制本身所具有的深远意义远非如此。对许多人来说，夫妻两人尚不 足以构成一个真正意义上的家庭——夫妻需要孩子来丰富其两人小天地，赋予该小天地以真 正意义上的家庭性质，并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。 孩子需要家庭，但家庭似乎也需要孩子。家庭作为一种社会机构，以其特有的方式，至 少从原则上说，可在一个变幻莫测、常常是充满敌意的世界中让人从中获取某种安全、慰藉、 保障，以及价值取向。 2000年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 C-E原文: 中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比，它先天有些不足， 后天也常缺乏营养，但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为后起之 秀 。世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种 生 物的演化历史。第二代属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性 结果 。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的 旁观者 。 世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己去动手 操作，自 己细心体察。这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥妙。 中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆!它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处，设计制作了力 学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。 参考译文(1) The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the Earth and various kinds of organisms. The second generation are those of industrial technologies which presented the fruits achieved by industrial civilization at different stages of industrialization. Despite the fact that those two generations of museums helped to disseminate / propagate / spread scientific knowledge, they nevertheless treated visitors merely as passive viewers. The third generation of museums in the world are those replete with / full of wholly novel concepts / notions / ideas. In those museums, visitors are allowed to operate the exhibits with their own hands, to observe and to experience carefully. By getting closer to the advanced science and technologies in this way, people can probe into their secret mysteries. The China Museum of Science and Technology is precisely one of such museums. It has incorporated some of the most fascinating features of those museums with international reputation. Having designed and created exhibits in mechanics, optics, electrical science, thermology, acoustics, and biology, those exhibits demonstrate scientific principles and present the most advanced scientific and technological achievements. 参考译文(2) The first-generation museums in the world are museums of natural history. With fossils and specimens they introduce to people the evolution of the earth and various living organisms on it. The second-generation museums are those of industrial technology. Fruits of various stages of industrial civilization are on display here. Although these two generations of muslins have played the role of spreading scientific knowledge, they regard visitors as passive spectators. The world’s third-generation museums are full of completely new concepts. Here visitors can carry out operations and careful observations themselves. In this way they come closer to advanced achievements in science and technology so as to probe into their mystery. 8 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 00 Version C-E The first generation (of) museums in the world were museums of natural history, which made known the evolution of the earth and all kinds of living creatures by displaying to the audience fossils and specimens. The second generation museums were those of individual technologies. What they exhibited were achievements in different historical periods/at different stages brought about by industrial civilization. These two generations of museums had helped to spread the scientific knowledge (had played a role in spreading scientific knowledge), however, they have taken/regarded/treated visitors as passive spectators/ onlookers. The third generation museums in the world give full expressions to various modern concepts and fresh ideas (are full of innovative ideas and concepts/are totally new in their conception). (They are more interactive, so that), where visitors can have a careful observation of the exhibits by having their hands on them/touching them and operating them, which brings museum-goers closer to the advanced science and technology, closer to where their mystery lies. E-C原文 If people mean anything at all by the expression “untimely death”, they m us t believe that some deaths nm on a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely—a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing of a young person, one assumes that the best years lay ahead and the measure of that life was still to be taken. History denies this, of course. Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of MariLarry Monroe and James Deans, whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats died at 26, and only half playfully judge their own lives as failures when they pass that year. The id ea that the life cut short is unfulfilled is illogical because lives are measure d by the impressions they leave on the world and by their intensity and virtue. 参考译文(1) 如果人们藉"英年早逝"这一字眼真的意欲表达什么含义的话，他们必然相信某些人的辞 世可以算是寿终正寝，而另一些人则"死不逢时" 。死于年迈很少被冠以"死不逢时"之名， 因为能度过漫长的一生被认为是甚为圆满的。反之，如果所碰到的是一位年轻人之死，人们 会以为这位年轻人风华正茂，前途无可限量，生命的倒计时尚未真正开始。 当然，历史 否定这一切。在诸多较为著名的"英年早逝"的情形中，我们会忆起玛丽莲.梦露与詹姆斯.迪 恩斯之死，其生命的短暂丝毫无损于其生命的完整性。对于约翰.济慈年方26便溘然长逝这 一事实，文人墨客们皆痛不欲生，但他们中仅有半数人诙谐地认为，设若他们也死于这一年 龄，其一生可视为失败。视英年早逝为不圆满，这一观念有悖于逻辑，因为衡量生命的尺度 乃是留给世界的印记，是生命的力度及其美德。 参考译文(2)提起英年“早逝”，人们或有所指。人们定会相信有些人死亡的时刻更为 适宜。寿终正寝极少称为“早逝”。长寿即意味着生命之完整。但英年早逝常令人感到逝者 美好时光尚未到来，一生之评说尚未做出。然而，历史却否认这点,提起杰出的早逝者，人 们定会亿起玛丽莲?梦露和詹姆士?迪恩。两人生命短暂，却完美无缺。诗人约翰?济慈 26岁与世长辞，作家们对此难以接受。而他们自己过了26岁时却只能半开玩笑地认为今生 今世无所作为。生命短暂即未成果这—观念荒谬无理。生命的价值取决于它留给世界的印象、 它的贡献及它的美德。 2001年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 C-E原 文 9 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。晚年的乔羽 喜爱垂钓，他说，“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最 好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天 成的场所。” 钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽说:“钓鱼可分三个 阶段:第一阶段是吃鱼;第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之;第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池 碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身 心得 信息技术培训心得 下载关于七一讲话心得体会关于国企改革心得体会关于使用希沃白板的心得体会国培计划培训心得体会 到充分休息。” 参考译文: In his later years (Late in his life), Qiao Yu has become enamored of fishing (developed a penchant / special fondness for fishing). He asserts: “ Mostly speaking, a place with water and fish must necessarily be blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood. I believe that the optimum fishing places are not those commercial fishing centers which provide the fishermen with all the conveniences and where fish are kept hungry for ready capture, but those naturally-formed places in the wilderness which exert a special appeal.” According to him, fishing can constitute an activity conducive to the cultivation of one’s temperament and to one’s health, at once physical and psychological. Qiao Yu claims: “Fishing can be divided into three stages. The first stage consists of mere fish-eating; the second a combination of fish-eating and the pleasure (enjoyment) of fishing; the third primarily the pleasure of fishing when, confronted with a pond of clear water, one puts aside all his troubling vexations and annoyances and enjoys the total relaxation both mentally and physically.” 01 Version C-E In his declining years Qiao Yu was fond of angling. He once said, “The places where have both water and fishes are generally in nice environment that can put people in good mood. The best angling place, I think, is not the comfortable angling park where hungry fishes are prepared, but the appealing natural one.” Angling is an exercise that can mould one’s temperament and make him sound in body and mind, as Qiao Yu said, “Fishing can be divided into three phases: the first is for angling, the second is for angling and interest as well, and the third is mainly for angling interest. When facing a pool of open green water, one can forget the worries and nuisances completely and relax himself fully.” E-C原 文: Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau’s idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one’s perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts. Effort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “The pleasure of taking pains”. The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless. We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the rules. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the 10 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun. 参考译文: 梭罗所理解的“低层次”，即为了拥有而去拥有，或与所有的邻居明争暗斗而致拥有。 他心目中的“高层次”，则是这样一种积极的人生戒律，即要使自己对自然界永恒之物的感 悟臻于完美。对于他从低层次上节省下来的时间和精力，他可将其致力于对高层次的追求。 勿庸置疑，梭罗不赞成忍饥挨饿，但他在膳食方面所投入的精力仅果腹而已，只要可确保他 能去从事更为重要的事务，他便别无所求。 殚精竭虑，全力以赴，便是其精髓所在。除非我们愿意直面那些需要我们全身心投入的 艰难困苦，否则便不会有幸福可言。正如叶芝所言，除却某些不可能的情形，我们于人生中 所获取的满足皆取决于我们在多高的境界中选择我们所愿意面对的艰难困苦。当罗伯特?弗 罗斯特言及“以苦为乐”时，他内心所思，大体如此。商业广告中所宣扬的那种幸福观，其 致命的缺陷就在于这样一个事实，即它宣称，一切幸福皆唾手可得，不费吹灰之力。 即便于游戏之中，我们也需要有艰难困苦。我们之所以需要它，因为设若没有困难，便 断无游戏可言。游戏即是这样一种方式，为了享受其中的情趣而人为地使事情变得不那么轻 而易举。游戏中的种种规则，便是将困难武断地强加于人。当有人将情趣摧毁殆尽时，他总 是因为拒不按游戏规则行事而使然。这犹如下棋;如果你随心所欲、心血来潮地去更改那些 全然武断的游戏规则，这样去赢棋当然会更加容易。但下棋的情趣则在于，应在规则的限定 范围内赢取胜利。一言以蔽之，没有艰难，断无情趣。 2002年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 I. Translate the following underlined part of text into Chinese: The word “winner” and “loser” have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society. Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be: rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence, and manipulating others. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask. Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. They can separate facts from opinions and don’t pretend to have all the answers. They listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can adore and respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them. Winners do not play “helpless”, nor do they play the blaming game. Instead, they assume responsibility for their own lives. 参考译文: 成功者不会毕生致力于这样一种概念:即想象自己应该成为何种人。相反，他们即他们 自己。因此，他们不会费神去装腔作势，故作姿态，摆布他人。他们明白:爱与装爱，傻与 装傻，知与装知、真正博学与假装博学之间是有区别的。成功者无须躲在面具后面。 成功者敢于独立思考，敢于运用自己的知识。他们能够把事实从纷繁的意见中剥离出来， 而又不会假装无所不知。 他们倾听他人的意见，品评他人的言论，却能得出自己的结论。虽然胜利者也钦佩他人， 尊敬他人，但是，他们不会完全被他人所规定、所摧垮、所束缚，所吓倒。 11 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 成功者不会假装无助，也不会怨天尤人，相反，他们承担起自己生命的责任。 II. Translate the following text into English: 大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。所以人们对于大自然，全都一直并深深地依 赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒， 喂牛和挤奶，除草和栽花;在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌; 往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。 参考译文: The bounty of nature is equal to everyone, rich or poor, and therefore all men are strongly attached to her. This is particularly true in the rural areas, where people have kept the same lifestyle for a millennium or so. They plant crops and grapevines, brew wine to drink, feed cows to milk, and weed gardens to grow flowers. They go to church at weekends, and they meet in the square on holidays, playing the violin, singing and dancing. The age-old land remains the same as their family hearth. Each place boasts its folklore and thereby social customs go down. 02 Version C-E The bounty of Nature is equal to everyone, rich or poor, and therefore all men are strongly attached to her. This is particularly true in the rural areas, where people have kept the same lifestyle for a millennium or so. They plant crops and grapevines, brew wine to drink, feed cows to milk, and weed the garden to grow flowers. They go to church at weekends, and they meet in the square on holidays, playing the violins, singing and dancing. The age-old land remains the same as their family hearth. Each place boasts its folklore and thereby social customs go down. 2003年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 I. Translate the following part of text into Chinese: In his classic novel, “The Pioneers”, James, Feminore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered. All she sees is a forest, “Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?” she asks. He’s astonished she can’ t see them. “Where! Why everywhere,” he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they are as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished. Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, “Life for the American is always becoming, never being.” 参考译文: 詹姆斯?费尼莫尔?库柏在其经典小说《拓荒者》中，记述了主人公—— 一位土地开 发商——带着表妹游览一座他将要建造的城市的情景。他向表妹描绘了宽阔的街道，排排的 房屋，俨然一座熙来攘往的大都市。 然而，表妹环顾四周，却一脸迷茫，她所看到的只是一片森林。于是她问:“你要给我 看的美景和改观在哪里啊,”他很惊讶，她居然还不能心领神会。便回答说:“还问哪里, 这不到处都是嘛。”因为尽管他还没有把它们真正建成，他却早已在心中构想好了。它们对 他来说是如此真实具体仿佛它们早已建成。 库柏在这里揭示了一种美国人独有的特征，即前瞻性:他们能够站在未来的高度来看现 在的一切;摆脱过去束缚而更加心系未来。正如埃尔伯特?爱因斯坦曾言:“对美国人来说， 12 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 生活总是进取，而非守成。” II. Translate the following text into English: 得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子 里，我顿感打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中 设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界， 一片繁华，自己的哥姐，堂表弟兄，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。一霎时，一阵被人摒弃， 为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。 参考译文: Before I was taken ill, I had been a spoiled child of my parents, getting things my way in the family. Once isolated and confined to a small house on the slope of the garden, I suddenly found myself in disfavour and my wings clipped. One spring evening, with myriads of flowers in full bloom in the garden, my parents held a garden party in honour of many guests, whose arrival at once filled the place with laughing chats. In the small house on the slope, I quietly lifted the curtain, only to be met by a great and prosperous world with my elder brothers and sisters and my cousins among the guests, all in jubilation. All at once, seized by a fit of forlorn rage, I could not help bursting into tears. 03 Version C-E Before I fell ill, I had been the bully under our roofs (in my family) owing to my doting parents. Feeling like being deposed into a cold palace, I began to taste the bitterness of depression and frustration immediately after I was segregated and confined in a small house on a hillside in our garden. On a spring evening, my parents gave a banquet in the garden where a profusion of flowers were in full bloom. In no time, crowd of their guests collected and laughter was heard all over there. I, without being noticed, lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden, and my elder sisters, brothers and cousins, each full of the joys of spring, were shuttling among the guests/helping treat(host) the guests . Quickly enough, I was thrown into a fist of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and discarded by the rest and could not help crying my heart out. 2004年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 I. Translate the following underlined part of text into Chinese: For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean, as I do most days, and know that I have an entire day ahead, uninterrupted, in which to write a few pages, take a walk with my dog, read and listen to music, I am flooded with happiness. I am lonely only when I am overtired , when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out. Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and, perhaps, by looking again at each one as though it were a person. It takes a while, as I watch the surf blowing up in fountains, but the moment comes when the world falls away, and the self emerges again from the deep unconscious, bring back all I have 13 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood. 参考译文: 只有当我疲劳过度的时候，在我长时间工作而没有休息的时候，或是在我感到心头空虚 而需要充实的时候，我才感到孤独。有时，当外出讲学后回家，见过许多人，讲了很多话， 满脑子的感受，需要梳理的时候，我也会感到孤独。 屋子有一阵子显得空荡荡的，而我不知自我潜藏何处。只有去浇浇花草，或许，然后再 注目每一株花草，将之视为活生生的人，我才能渐渐找回失去的自我。 找回自我，需要一点时间。我看着浪花迸若喷泉，不过这样的时刻降临了，身边的世界 渐次隐遁，自我，再次从潜意识深处浮现，带回了最近的经历，那等待探究和细细品味的经 历。 II. Translate the following underlined part of text into English: 在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到 的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象 很好。吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿筵席，缺点就都找出 来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候 你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜加蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。第二，你初到一个餐馆，开始举 筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应”。 参考译文: We should not be too romantic in interpersonal relations. Human beings are interesting in that they tend to first see good in a new acquaintance. This is like dining in a restaurant. You will be not only favorably impressed with the first two courses. However, the more you have, the more sober you become until the dinner ends up with all the flaws exposed. Consequently, your joy would give way to anger; your praises to criticism or even fault-finding; and your nodding in agreement to shaking the head. What accounts for all this is, in the first place, you are hungry when you start to eat. As the saying goes, “Hunger is the best sauce”, and vice versa. 2005年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文 I. Translate the following underlined part of text into Chinese: It is simple enough to say that since books have classes--- fiction, biography, poetry--- we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite. 参考译文: 然而，人们对书籍往往求非所予。开卷之时，我们常常思想模糊，思维割裂，苛求小说 真实，认定诗歌造作，视传记为美化，期望史书认同一己之见。阅读之时，若能摒弃所有此 14 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 类成见，那将是一个可喜的开端。不要对作者指指点点，而应尝试设身处地，做作者的同道 和“同谋”。若是你一开始便故步自封，先入为主，求全责备，你就不可能最大限度地从所 读的书中获益，但是，你若能大大敞开思想，那么，开篇的那几行曲径通幽的文字，那若明 若暗的微妙表达和深意将把你带到一个独具特色的灵魂面前。投身其中，知晓此境，不用很 久，你就会发现作者正在传递给你的，或试图传递给你的，原来如此显豁。 II. Translate the following text into English: 一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗,提出一个绝对的标准当然很 困难;但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如 何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。 古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、 多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想 家等等都莫不如此。 参考译文: What is the significance of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement? Difficult as it is to advance an absolute one, it will not be so to judge the very meaning of one’s existence generally from whether he is serious about life and what his attitudes are towards work and life. Throughout the ages, all people of accomplishment take their lives seriously. As long as they are alive, they would rather devote themselves to more work and study than let a single minute slip by in vain. And the same is true of the common labourers as well as the great statesmen and thinkers in our country. (选自2006年第一期《中国翻译》) 《简爱》是一本具有多年历叱 的文学着作。至今已152年的历叱了。它的成功在于它详细的内容,精彩的片段。 在译序丣,它还详细地介绍了《简爱》的作者一些背景 故事 滥竽充数故事班主任管理故事5分钟二年级语文看图讲故事传统美德小故事50字120个国学经典故事ppt 。 仍丣我了解到了作者夏洛蒂,勃郎特的许多事。奵出生在一丢年经济困顿、多 灾多难的家庭;屁住在一丢进离尘器的穷乡僻壤;生活在革命势头正健,国家由农 民向工业国过渡,新兴资产阶级日益壮大的时代,这些都给奵的小说创作上打上了 可见的烙印。 可惜,上帝似乎毫不吝啬的塑造了这丢天才仧。有似乎急不可耐伸出了毁灭之 手。这些才华横溢的儿女,都无一例外的先于父亲再人生的黄金时间离开了人间。 惜乎,勃郎特姐妹! 《简爱》这本小说,主要通过简。爱不罗切斯特之间一波三折的爱情故事,塑 造了一丢出生低微、生活道路曲折,却始终坚持维护独立人格、追求丢性自由、主 15 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 张人生平等、不向人生低头的坚强女性。 简。爱生存在一丢父母双亡,寄人篱下的环境。仍小就承叐着不同龄人不一样的待遇:姨妈的嫌弃,表姐的蔑视,表哥的侮辱和毒打。。。。。。然而,奵并没有绝服,奵并没有自我摧毁,并没有在侮辱丣沉沦。所带来的种种不并的一切,相反,换回的却是简。爱的无限信心,却是简。爱的坚强不层的精神,一种可戓胜的内在人格力量。 不并,在学习生活丣,简。爱仌然是承叐着肉体上的叐罚和心灵上的催残。学校的斲主罗可赫斯特不但当着全校师生的面诋毁奵,而丏把奵置于耻辱台上示众。使奵在全校师生面前丞尽了脸。但简。爱仌坚强不层,化悲愤为力量,不但在学习上飞速进步,而丏也取得了师生仧的理解。 不久,简。爱又陷入了爱情的旋涡。丢性及强的奵同样保持着丢人高贵的尊丠,在情敌面前显得大家闺秀,毫不逊色,对于英格拉姆小姐的咄咄逼人,奵仍容面对。 同样,在罗切斯特的面前,奵仍不因为自己是一丢地位低贱的家庭教师,而感到自卑,奵认为他仧是平等的。不应该因为奵是仆人,而不能叐到别人的尊重。也正因为奵的正直,高尚,纯洁,心灵没有叐到丐俗社会的污染。使得罗切斯特感到自惭性秽,同时对奵肃然起敬,并深深地爱上了奵。他的真心,让奵感劢,奵接叐了他。后来,简。爱发现罗切斯特已有了妻子,奵的自尊自重再次出现,毫不犹豫地离开了他,奵对爱情的与一,让我敬佩。 最后,简。爱得知,罗切斯特为了拯救在活丣的妻子不并双目失明。躯体丠重残疾,完全両失了生活能力,而同时又妻亡财毁。简。爱全身心的爱再次投入了他的怀抱。。。。。。 16 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 仍这本乢丣,可以看出它塑造了一丢体现新兴阶级的某些要求的女性形象,刻画了工业革命时期的时代精神。 简爱读乢心得100 0字 个人自传范文3000字为中华之崛起而读书的故事100字新时代好少年事迹1500字绑架的故事5000字个人自传范文2000字 二: 前几天,我刚读完了一本乢,乢的名字叫做《简?爱》。 这本乢的作者叫夏洛蒂?勃朌特,奵有丟丢妹妹,奵仧都是女强人。夏洛蒂?勃朌特我对奵有些了解,因为我学过一篇关于奵的课文。所以,奵的代表作《简?爱》我也就自然而然的知道了。 我曾经听说过《简?爱》的小部分故事,只知道简?爱和一丢比奵大四岁的约翰打起仗来,使自己浑身上下伤痕累累,痛苦不堪,还被里德舅妈关在红屋子里,对此,我一直以为简?爱是一丢自不量力的人。 然而当我翻开这本乢的时候,我才知道,原来简?爱是那么不平凡的一丢人,奵是一丢坚强、善良、勇敢、具有吸引力的小女孩。 刚开始看简?爱时,才发现,原来简?爱是一丢弱小的女孩,奵常常叐到别人的欺负。但是,奵被自己的舅妈的儿子欺负的时候,自己的舅妈却总是睁一只眼闭一只眼,但经过自己的反抗,小简?爱终于可以离开自己的舅妈,离开别人的欺负,来到了劳渥德。 令小简?爱意想不到的是,自己的舅妈屁然告诉劳渥德的牧师,说奵是一丢小骗子,是一丢坏孩子。简?爱虽然小,但奵知道尊丠,奵虽然知道自己蒙叐了不白之冤,但是奵知道自己的力量小,根本就不能抵抗,但是我知道,奵心丣有一团怒火正燃烧起来,跟加强了奵要永进离开里德舅妈的意念。 在劳渥德的时间里,戒许简?爱奵觉得很苦,但值得佩朋的是,简?爱失去了自己 17 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 最奶的朊友——海伦以后,我发现奵发的更坚强了,也让我对奵有些刮目相看。 在劳渥德所学到的东西,可以让简?爱当上一名家庭教师,而奵工作的地斱,也就是在桑菲尔德府。接下来的时间,简?爱在 桑菲尔德府不仅遇到了天真活泼的小阿黛勒,也使奵找到了自己的爱情,虽然在寻求爱情的这段时间丣有酸,有甜,有苦,有辣,但奵终于熬过来了,并和奵的爱人并福地生活下去。 乢的末尾就是这样,这是人人都想得到的结果,也是夏洛蒂?勃朌特的结果。乢丣的简?爱虽然不美,但是奵淳朴、善良、坚强,最终赢得自己的爱情,这不就是奵真正的美吗。 其实,我仧看到的简?爱就是夏洛蒂?勃朌特的化身,奵告诉了我仧要学会坚强,这不正是我仧通往成功的道路的需要吗？ 简爱读乢心得1000字三: 《简?爱》一反传统小说丣以温柔美丽的女子做主角、以浪漫劢人的爱情传奇为故事的旧格式,写出了一丢出身低微、相貌平平的女子不不公平的命运抗争的故事。 主人公简?爱是不并的,奵自幼失去父母,唯一爱奵并领养奵的舅舅又过早地弃奵而逝。奵刜涉人丐,便过着寄人篱下、仸人驱使的悲惨生活,饱尝了人情冷暖、丐态炎凉的痛苦。为了逃避丠酷的现实,奵把自己的感情寄托在奵酷爱的乢和大自然上。乢两富了奵的感情丐界,陶冶了奵的性情,苦难又磨炼了奵的意志,使奵养成了坚毅倔强、外柔内刚的性格。 小说丣,简?爱不桑菲尔德府的男主人罗切斯特的爱情波折,使简?爱的丢性得到了充分的体现。当简?爱发现自己爱上了罗切斯特时,奵很清楚地意识到,横在他仧 18 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 之间的鸿沟。罗切斯特出身名门,十分富有,是英国上局社会的绅士,奵出身卑微,不名一文,只是一丢地位不佣人差不多的家庭教师,但是,奵没有因此而气馁,而妄自菲薄,奵勇敢地向自己、向罗切斯特承认了对他的感情。在结婚仦式上,奵才知道罗切斯特已经结过婚,原配妻子尚在人间。为了维护自己的尊丠和婚姻的庄丠、合法、纯洁,奵不顾罗切斯特的再三恳求,强忍内心的巨大伤痛,毅然决然地离开了罗切斯特,遁入无依无靠的茫茫人丐。 在金钱面前,奵也有不俗的表现。在获得叔叔的遗产,一夜之间由赤贫发为富有的时候,奵立即就把大部分的遗产转赠给贫困的表哥、表姐。在奵的心目丣,亲情比金钱更为重要。 简?爱这位离经叛道的女性,虽然并不美丽,但富有挑戓和抗争的丢性,使奵充满了魅力。奵聪明奶学,自尊自爱,尽管社会地位卑微,奵决不自甘堕落。奵认为,在上帝面前,人人平等。奵为争取平等地位,为维护自己独立的人格,而抗争、奋斗。仍很小的时候起,奵便敢于向欺压奵的人反抗,哪怕因此而招致丠惩,也不畏惧。奵那不层不挠,敢于同命运抗争的精神,使那些欺侮奵的人胆戓心惊。 在爱情斱面,奵仍不奴颜婢膝,也不一味地迎合讨奶,奵鄙视那些浑身铜臭、以门第出身论人、一味追求虚荣的上流社会的庸俗之辈。奵的头脑始终是清醒的,奵仍来没有沦为爱情和物质的奴隶,也没有陷入感情的旋涡,而不能自拔。简?爱为维护公道、维护丢人尊丠,所作的不层不挠的斗争,不仅赢得了罗切斯特的尊敬,也使得简?爱这一形象具备了经久不衰的价值。 《简?爱》为千千万万叐欺压的下局平民喊出了心声,为千百年来在男尊女卑社会里饱叐欺凌的姐妹仧喊出了心声,这是它至今仌然是各国的读者最喜爱阅读的小说之一的主要原因。 19 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 简爱读乢心得1000字四: 曾经有一份挚爱，漂洋过海来到我面前，那便是《简爱》。它通过简.爱与罗切斯特之间一波三折的爱情故事，塑造了一个出生低微、生活道路曲折，却始终坚持维护独立人格、追求个性自由、主张人生平等、不向人生低头的坚强女性。她所象征的女性理想和追求已超越了时空，成了人们心中的永恒。 《简爱》是一部带有自转色彩的长篇小说，它阐释了这样一个主题:人的价值,尊严，爱。 在这本书里渗透着最多的就是女性的独立意识。让我们试想一下，如果简爱的独立，早已被扼杀在寄人篱下的童年生活里;如果她没有那份独立，她早已和有妻女的罗切斯特生活在一起，开始了有金钱、有地位的新生活。如果她没有那份纯洁，我们现在手中的《简爱》也不再是令人感动的流泪的经典。为什么《简爱》让我们感动,——就是她独立的性格，令人心动的人格魅力 本书的作者夏洛蒂.勃朗特和《呼啸山庄》的作者艾米莉是姐妹，但是虽然她们生活在同一生活环境，和家庭环境中，性格却大不相同。夏洛蒂的性格比较温柔，很清纯，更加喜欢追求一些美好的东西。尽管她家境贫穷，从小得不到父母太多的关爱，再加上她容貌不美，身材也很矮小。但也许就是这样一种灵魂深处的很深的自卑，反映在她的性格上就是一种非常敏感的自尊，以自尊作为她内心深处的自卑的补偿。 她所描写的简.爱也是一个容貌不美，矮小的女人，但是她有着极强的自尊心。她坚定不移的去追求美好的生活。 简.爱生存在一个父母双亡，寄人篱下的环境，从小就承受着与同龄人不一样的待遇，姨妈的嫌弃，表姐的蔑视，表哥的侮辱和毒打......这是对一个孩子尊严的无情践踏,但也许正是因为这一切,换回了简.爱无限的信心和坚强不屈的精神,一种可战胜的内在人格力量. 她从不因为自己的一个地位低贱的家庭教师而在罗切斯特面前感到自卑，相反的，她认为他们是平等的不应该因为她是仆人,而不能受到别人的尊重.使得罗切斯特为之震撼的是她的正直,高尚，纯洁，心灵没有受到世俗社会的污染。并把她看做了一个可以和自己在精神上平等交谈的人，而慢慢地深深爱上了她。他的真心,让她感 20 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 动,她接受了他.而当他们结婚的那一天，简.爱知道了罗切斯特已有妻子时,她觉得自己必须要离开，她这样讲，“我要遵从上帝颁发世人认可的法律，我要坚守住我在清醒时而不是像现在这样疯狂时所接受的原则”，“我要牢牢守住这个立场”。这是简爱告诉罗切斯特她必须离开的理由，但是从内心讲，更深一层的东西是简爱意识到自己受到了欺骗，她的自尊心受到了戏弄，因为她深爱着罗切斯特,试问哪个女人能够承受得住被自己最信任,最亲密的人所欺骗呢?简爱承受住了,而且还做出了一个非常理性的决定.在这样一种非常强大的爱情力量包围之下，在美好，富裕的生活诱惑之下，她依然要坚持自己作为个人的尊严，这是简爱最具有精神魅力的地方。 小说设计了一个很光明的结尾——虽然罗切斯特的庄园毁了，他自己也成了一个残废，但我们看到，正是这样一个条件，使简爱不再在尊严与爱之间矛盾，而同时获得满足——她在和罗切斯特结婚的时候是有尊严的，同时也是有爱的。 在这里，我看到的不仅仅是一个如何赢得了男贵族爱情的平民女子的灰姑娘的故事，而是勇敢的走出了灰姑娘的童话，迈向一个有着新女性、真女性的文学道路的起步。简?爱藐视财富，但她却认为，“真正的幸福，在于美好的精神世界和高尚纯洁的心灵”。我尊重作者对这种美好生活的理想——就是尊严，爱，毕竟在当今社会，要将人的价值,尊严，爱这道公式付之实现常常离不开金钱的帮助。人们都疯狂地似乎为了金钱和地位而淹没爱情。在穷与富之间选择富，在爱与不爱之间选择不爱。很少有人会像简这样为爱情为人格抛弃所有，而且义无反顾。《简爱》所展现给我们的正是一种化繁为简，是一种返朴归真，是一种追求全心付出的感觉，是一种不计得失的简化的感情，它犹如一杯冰水，净化每一个读者的心灵。 简爱读书心得1000字五: 简?爱是个孤儿，从小寄养在舅母家中，受尽百般欺凌。后来进了慈善学校洛伍德孤儿院，灵魂和肉体都经受了苦痛的折磨。也许正是这样才换回了简?爱无限的信心和坚强不屈的精神，她以顽强的意志以成绩优秀完成了学业。为了追求独立生活，她受聘在桑菲尔德庄园任家庭教师。故事的重点是身份低下的家庭教师简?爱与男主人罗切斯特之间历经磨难的爱情。这段爱情因男女主人公悬殊的社会地位和个性的差异而充满了激烈碰撞，也因两人志趣相同、真诚相爱而迸发出灿烂的火花。作者以简?爱鲜明独特的女性视角和叙事风格娓娓道来，真实而有艺术感染力。特别是简?爱的独特个性和思想，爱是一个不美的，矮小的女人，但她有顽强的自尊 21 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 心。在打动身为贵族的男主人公的同时，也紧紧抓住了我们读者的心。 简?爱作为爱情小说的女主人公是以前所未有的女性形象出现在这部十九世纪的文学作品中的。以往爱情故事的女主人公都是些美丽温柔、高贵贤淑的女子形象。而简?爱，她"贫穷，低微，不美，矮小"，但她拥有的一颗智慧、坚强、勇敢的心灵，使那些外在的美在这内在美面前黯然失色。更为可贵的是简?爱并不因为自己的贫穷和外貌而自卑，相反，她勇敢坚定:"我和你的灵魂是平等的。""我跟你一样有灵魂，--也完全一样有一颗心!""我现在不是凭习俗、常规，甚至也不是凭着血肉之躯跟你讲话--这是我的心灵在跟你的心灵说话，就仿佛我们都已离开了人世，两人一同站立在上帝的跟前，彼此平等--就像我们本来就是的那样!" 也正因为此，简?爱敢于去爱一个社会阶层远远高于自己的男人，更敢于主动向对方表白自己的爱情--这在当时的社会是极其大胆的。幸福不再是某个人、某个阶层的专利，她属于芸芸众生的每一个人。只有两个相互对等的灵魂才能组成一份完整的爱情，所以简?爱坚持，自身的独立与追求爱情的完整是不能分离的。 小说告诉我们，人的最美好的生活是人的尊严加爱，小说的结局给女主人公安排的就是这样一种生活。虽然我觉得这样的结局过于完美，甚至这种圆满本身标志着浮浅，但是我依然尊重作者对这种美好生活的理想-就是尊严加爱，毕竟在当今社会，要将人的价值=尊严+爱这道公式付之实现常常离不开金钱的帮助。人们都疯狂地似乎为了金钱和地位而淹没爱情。在穷与富之间选择富，在爱与不爱之间选择不爱。很少有人会像简这样为爱情为人格抛弃所有，而且义无反顾。《简爱》所展现给我们的正是一种化繁为简，是一种返朴归真，是一种追求全心付出的感觉，是一种不计得失的简化的感情，它犹如一杯冰水，净化每一个读者的心灵，同时引起读者，特别是女性读者的共鸣。 简爱读书心得1000字六: 22 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 在这一次的寒假读书计划书单中，我选择了《简爱》这本书。在这之前，我读过她的压缩英文版，就一直想知道简爱这个貌不惊人的弱小女子是怎么样为自己赢得尊严和爱情的，而今天，终于要揭开谜底了。 打开书架，取出那本阿姨送给我的那本《简爱》翻了起来。在朦朦胧胧的迷雾中，出现了一个弱小的身影，慢慢地走近了。 简爱的第一个身份是里德太太的侄女。她从小受尽两个表姐和表哥的欺负，总是待人受过。而且“无论怎么讨别人的欢心，都有人从早到晚地骂我淘气、阴暗、讨厌、鬼头鬼脑”。这种强烈的不公终于在简的心中激起了她的反抗。当约翰表哥又一次无缘无故得教训她时，她愤怒的指责他像罗马的皇帝，大声斥责他的凶恶，并用自己的力量让这个恶棍尝到了挨打的滋味。她是勇敢的，不仅因为她鼓起勇气教训了约翰，而是她冲破了长期以来一直束缚着她的那个服从长辈的观念。她勇敢的站起来，诉说心中的不公平，控诉以恩人自居的舅妈的罪行。她一针见血地骂她是伪善的女人，把她斥责得抬不起头。面对强权，她开始反抗，也开始走向成熟。她学会了独立。 当走出舅妈的家时，简爱的心情是阴暗的。因为她从种种蛛丝马迹中已经领悟到第二个住所——劳渥德慈善学校对她不可能会轻松。果然，一次又一次的打击伤害了她的自尊心。但她并没有下决心与全世界作战。她对谭波尔小姐和好朋友海伦彭斯都有极大的热心和热爱。在劳渥德，她学会了宽容，学会了区别对待。这给她的反抗蒙上了一层是非和正义。她以别人对待她的方式对待别人，她成熟了。书中，她对自己的性格和自己的反抗有了一个定位:“当我们无缘无故的挨打的时候，我们应该狠狠的回击——狠狠的回击，教训教训打我们的那个人，叫他永远不敢这样打人”。随着成长，简爱的反抗精神真正的散发出光芒。 简爱一生的转折发生之处便是桑菲尔德府。她来到这里，做了一名家庭女教师。而18岁的她，渐渐地与主人罗切斯特产生了爱情。罗切斯特家召开宴会，简爱以不卑不亢的态度与贵族的小姐太太们相处，为自己赢得了尊严。她对罗切斯特的爱情是炙热的，也是强烈的。但她决不会因此失去原则。当她误认为主人要娶一位贵 23 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 族小姐，又要同时把她留在身边，使她成为无足轻重的人时，她愤怒地反驳了罗切斯特。“只要上帝赐给我一点美和一点财富，我就会让你感到难以离开我„„我现在同你讲话，是我的精神在同你的精神说话。就像两个都经过了坟墓，我们站在上帝脚跟前，是平等的——因为我们是平等的～”她的愤怒，她长期忍耐的情感终于爆发出来。在这个时候，她的愤怒的斥责，正是使我们感到敬佩的。她爆发而出的话语正是她反抗精神的折射。简爱的精神，它的灵魂的光彩发挥得淋漓尽致，是她的形象美丽而光彩夺目～ 而命运似乎还要考验简。在她与罗切斯特的婚礼上，她才发现罗切斯特早已娶妻。她不顾内心的反抗，情感的痛苦毅然出走。她心向上帝和光明，心向自然和神圣的大地之母。她用法律的条款约束自己，为自己营造了一个光明的天堂。她出走后的三天，虽然经受痛苦的流浪，但她的心在和平的保护中，她的灵魂是纯洁的，她的生活处境越是穷苦，她的心灵就越像一个仙女般纯洁。她孤独，但不寂寞。她贫困，但不潦倒。她是自立而独立的。她为自己的生命谱写了一首华彩的乐章～ 命运是公正的。简最后与罗切斯特获得了幸福的结局。而她的精神也如经久不衰的珍宝，永不褪色。 最后，伦敦的迷雾又加深了。那个瘦小但坚强的身影远去了。我合上书。19世纪的英国渐渐如一艘航船从思绪的海洋中退去。 简爱的一生，从幼稚到成熟;从柔弱到坚强;从懵懂到智慧，她改变了许多，成长了许多。而我们，也在成长，也在从幼稚变成熟，从懵懂变智慧。 简爱的一生，不变的是她的反抗，她的精神。而我们，让我们保留一点不变的精神，总有一天，它会像金子一般发出光芒。 简爱的精神，经历风雨，经历时间，至今未变。 难道就因为我一贫奷洗,默默无闻,长相平庸,丢子瘦小,就没有灵魂,没有心肠了——你想错了,我的心灵跟你一样两富,我的心胸一样充实! ——题记 刚刚读完《简爱》这部丐界文学名著,我想仸何认的心情都将久久不能平静。 24 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 这是英国文坛一位女作家夏洛蒂勃郎特写的一丢叫简爱的女子的传记,也是作者自己的缩影。乢丣简爱仍盖兹海德到慈善学校,又到桑菲尔德庄园,经历了许多苦难和曲折,最终获得了自己所追求的自由,平等和爱。 乢的前半部分是讲简爱的童年生活,在盖兹海德的养母家,奵一点也不合群,更得不到仸何人的尊重。但是奵并不甘心,奵想努力争取超过别人,以证明自己不是一丢坏孩子。但是奵却被送进了慈善学校——劳沃德学校。那里的饮食条件很差,住宿条件更差。每天的食物不但少,而丏是烧糊的。奵仧穿的衣朋和袜子是最差的,这所学校的校长是reader8.cn一丢叫布洛克尔赫斯特的牧师,这丢狠毒的校长给学生制定的校规苛刻无比,奷:不能留卷发,天然的卷发也不能留,也不能梳辫子。很薄的袜子坏了不能换,一定要自己缝补。但校长却认为这些规定是基督徒的义务和美德,把孩子仧生活丣很普通的事看作是丐俗的傲气,把奵仧身穿破衣看作是应有的朴素,把孩子仧的叐苦看作是培养坚韧的意志。这些使仸何走近这所学校的人都感到愤怒无比。 劳沃德学校奶似一丢监狱,把那些女孩都关在痛苦之丣,又奶似一丢火炉,激发了简爱反抗的怒火。奵为朊友海伦彭斯的遭遇而打抱不平,并告诉奵该爱的人就要去爱,该恨的人就要去恨,不能因为他的权利大戒小而束缚自己的感情。在一丢春天里,可怕的瘟疫在劳沃德蔓延开来,斑疹伤寒被吹到了拥挤的教室和宿舍,还没到五月,学校就成了医院。简爱的朊友死了。劳沃德的卫生条件暴露了之后,不得不被关闭。一些有钱人出资又重新建造了一所学校,简?爱的生活有了转机。后来简爱又经历了欢乐、痛苦和种种波折,努力寻找着奵心丣的那仹爱,最后,奵找到了。 《简爱》的故事的确让人感到一丝温馥和慰籍,让人明白爱的真谛。也特别适 25 / 26 英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案 合仍小生活在物资充裕,被爱包围的独生子女仧来读,来领略简那自尊、自强、自立、平和宽容和充满怜悯爱心的精神丐界。 爱情、亲情和怜爱之心是人类最两厚也是最重要的精神财富。缺了它,等于白活一丐。学会爱人,感恩很重要。 《简爱》这本小说是以简的性格为脉络的,这样的结尿是为简的性格取向朋务的。但是对于罗切斯特呢?简仍前有的自尊不自卑难道罗切斯特先生就3COME文档频道一点也没有吗?难道他就那么容易做到不简在一片纵过火的废墟上重新开始新的并福生活吗? 作家是忽略了罗切斯特先生的真实性戒挣扎性的。这其实也很奶理解,无非是为了成全一段纯粹的爱情的延续。奷果让每一丢古怪丢性都不停地轮番作怪的话,生命哪里会留下爱情,只剩下争吵而已。 每丢人的人生都有精彩的一面,让我仧为简爱的美和爱而鼓掌,为夏洛蒂勃郎特的经典之作——《简爱》而鼓掌吧! 26 / 26