虚拟语气讲解

虚拟语气讲解 高三复习 语法专 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 九 虚拟语气 虚拟语气 不是事实,而是假设,愿望,怀疑或推测等，表现形式 :动词时态 a. 真实条件句 表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。 If it rains tomorrow, I will not leave. b. 虚拟条件句 表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。 If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. 一(‘if ’虚拟条件句的结构 a. 表示与现在事实相反 的假设 if从句动词过去式(did/were)，主句用would (should/ could/ might) do 1. If I were a boy, I would join the army. 2. If I had time, I could help him. 3. If you won the lottery, you should buy a house. 4. If he were fine now, he might go swimming. b. 表示与过去事实相反 的假设 if从句动词过去完成式(had done)，主句用would have done should could might 1. If I had got up early in the morning, I would have caught the bus. 2. If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded. 3. If the earthquake had happened at night, there would have been more deaths. c. 表示与将来事实相反 的假设 if从句动词过去式(did/were)/were to do/should do, 主句用would do should could might 1. If it rained tomorrow, I would stay at home. 2. If it were to rain tomorrow, i would stay at home. 3. If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. 二(If 虚拟中,如果从句有should, had, were, 可以倒装. 1(If I were at school now, I would study harder. Were I at school now, I would study harder. 2(If I had come earlier, I would have caught the bus. Had I come earlier, I would have caught the bus. 3(If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 三(介词短语代替if条件状语从句. What would you do now with a million dollars? =What would you do now if you had a million dollars? 1 Without your help, we would not have finished the work ahead of time. = If we had not got your help, we would not have finished the work ahead of time. But for your help, we would not have finished the work ahead of time. =If it had not been for your help, we would not have finished the work ahead of time. 1. If it ____ for the heavy rain, we _____ the Songshan Mountains yesterday. A. were not; could have climbed B. were not; could climb C. had not been; could have climbed D. had not been; could climb 2. _____ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A .If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they not 四(含蓄条件句 otherwise, 语气的转换 从真实—虚拟 but 语气的转换从虚拟---真实 I was ill that day. Otherwise I would have taken part in the football match. I was ill that day. If I had not been ill that day, I would have taken part in the football match. 1.I would have passed the exam, but I ___________ hard. (work) 2. You __________ me drive. Otherwise you would not have got so tired. A. had not let B. don’t let C. didn’t let D. haven’t let 五. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 1. 在动词wish后的宾语从句中, 表示与现在或过去的事实相反, 或对将来的主观 愿望, 从句通常省略连词that。 1)与现在事实相反 : wish + (that)+过去式did(were) I wish I were as healthy as you. I wish that I had a plane. 2)与过去事实相反 : wish + (that)+had done 我希望我昨晚去了音乐会. I wish I had been to the concert yesterday. 我希望我昨天告诉你真相. I wish I had told him the news yesterday. 3)与将来事实相反 : wish + would/could/might + do 我希望我的梦想成真. I wish my dream could come true. 我希望下星期二不要下雨. I wish it would not rain next Tuesday. 2. if only句子 if only 但愿/ 要是…就好了 对现在的虚拟: if only +句子 过去式(did/were) 对过去的虚拟: if only +句子 过去完成式(had done) 对将来的虚拟: if only+句子(would/might/could do) 注意: If only +句子=How I wish (that) +句子. If only I were a flying bird. = How I wish I were a flying bird. 2 If only I had seen the film. = How I wish I had seen the film. 1. 你要是当时在这儿就好了! If only you had been here! 2. 要是我知道 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 就好了. If only I knew the answer. 3. 要是他明天可以准时到就好了. If only he would arrive on time tomorrow. 3. 在would rather后的宾语从句中 对现在的虚拟:+句子(过去式) 对将来的虚拟:+句子(过去式) 对过去的虚拟:+句子(过去完成式) I would rather you were not here now. I would rather you came tomorrow. I would rather he had not told me the news yesterday. 4(表示命令/建议/要求的词所带的从句 advise, require, order, command, demand, recommend, suggest insist, request ……that 从句中用should do should 可以省略. 他们坚持这个男孩应该跟他们一起去. They insisted that the boy (should ) go with them. 他建议我们应该第二天出发. He suggested that we (should) set out the next day. 老人命令这个病人应该马上被送往医院. The old man ordered that the patient (should) be sent to hospital at once. 注意: suggest表示暗示,显示时, 不用虚拟语气 insist 表示坚持认为,坚持说时,不用虚拟 他脸上的微笑表明他对我们的工作很满意. The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. 这个男的坚持说自己没有偷过那钱. The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. Jane’s pale face suggested that she _____ ill, and her parents suggested that she a medical examination. A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; had D. was; has (上海94) 六(.as if/as though 真实语气. He looks pale as if he is seriously ill. 3 He walks differently as if there is something wrong with his leg. 虚拟语气 对现在的虚拟:as if +句子 过去式(did/were) He looks as if he were an artist. 对过去的虚拟:as if +句子 过去完成式(had done) She speaks English so well as if she had studied English in America. 对将来的虚拟:as if +句子(would/might/could do) He learns English so hard as if he would go to America. 1. He described the town as if he _____ it himself. A. had seen B. has seen C. saw D. sees 2. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth. A. were circling B. circles C. is circling D. be circling 七(It is (high) time (that )句型. 该是我们上学的时候了. It is high time that we should go to school. It is (high) time that we went to school. 八(用于主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句的虚拟。 1(主语从句 It is suggested +that 从句动词should do, should 可以省略 It is important/necessary/ strange/ natural/ essential/ a pity +that从句动词should do, should 可以省略 It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week. It is necessary that we (should ) have a walk now. 2(表语从句和同位语从句 在suggestion, order, request, advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟 语气，动词should do, should 可以省略 She made a suggestion that that the plan (should) be considered carefully. His advice is that we (should) go to see the doctor at once. 九(错综时间条件句 虚拟条件句与主句谓语动词发生的时间有时不一致，要注意主从句谓语形式。 If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied harder before, you would be a college student now. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ___ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 1. If you ______________ (finish) writing the book last month, it ___________________ (publish) next month. 2. You ___________ (be) much better now if you __________ (take) my advice. 3. If you _________ (meet) him yesterday, you ___________ (know) what to do now. 4