跨文化交流

跨文化交流 1.intercultural communication learn intercultural communication refers to the Communication between native speakers and non-native speakers and any communication there are differences in language and cultural background between people.Popular, that if you deal with foreigners that Due to differences in language and cultural background，we Should pay attention to what the problem and How gracefully to communicate.But In intercultural communication and cooperation will often generate cultural conflicts, which are mostly due to the differences between different cultures .The main obstacles to Intercultural Communication are mode of thinking ,value orientation, relationships, behaviors and other aspects. In the Life, we always have to communicate with different people, and the best way to communicate with each other is to understand their world and habits.So that it can communicate smoothly. Perfect intercultural communication depends on the level of understanding of their culture cultural differences between the two parties. This study intercultural communication course made me realize that Intercultural Communication is not just have to learn each other's language that I previously thought.In fact even if People around the world share the same language can not be overcome barriers that Communication between people from different cultures .Because language is only one of many codes in daily life interactions involved moreover, the language code is just part of the cultural symbols of the system And people in the cultural orientation, value orientation, social norms, ways of thinking, and so there are a variety of differences.Learned about intercultural communication, understand the differences between Chinese and Western cultures in various fields and aspects,It helped us to compare different cultures, Improve our understanding of self, prompted us to re-examine their culture. In psychological terms, learning the knowledge of Intercultural Communication, we found a new pleasure, feel the unique satisfaction. Also it helps us anticipate people from different cultural backgrounds communicative behavior, and help us to solve problems arising from communication. I understand the cross-cultural differences in the system Understanding the differences in the foundation of the West,The system is the cultural differences in Western culture synopsis,Religious culture, architectural culture, food culture, clothing culture, etiquette, culture, folk culture Chinese culture emphasizes the collective consciousness, emphasized Heaven and Man, emphasizing a deep balance.Western culture emphasizes individual self-consciousness, seeking personality, seeking rational, emphasizing the absolute individual freedom.China emphasis on experience, intuition; the Western emphasis on rationalism, speculative.China attaches importance the overall comprehensive Western attention to detail analysis. Language has a rich cultural connotations.And we learn from this course also for better and more effective communication.Culture refers to the country to learn the language of history, geography, customs, traditions, lifestyle, literature and art, norms and values.Contacts and understanding English culture is beneficial to our understanding and use of English, beneficial to deepen their cultural understanding and awareness, more conducive to cultivate and improve our cross-cultural communication skills. Therefore, in everyday school life, we should be more actively and consciously absorb and integrate into a new cultural environment 2 explain the differences between verbal communication and non-verbal communication in details Communication,including language communication and nonverbal communication,is a process during which information is delivered betweeen persons or groups.The same action may deliver different language information in different nations,sometimes even signify opposite one Verbal communication Verbal communication means Language is the transfer of information symbols, including words spoken and written word.It should be noted that the symbol should be used for the sender and the recipient can accurately understand.Of course, it is necessary to use the same language, and it is relatively simple .The difficulty is The meaning of words requires the parties also have the same understanding.Verbal communication is the most flexible and the most direct form of communication.Oral communication biggest advantage is fast, easy, and immediate feedback. In this communication, information can be straightforward rapid transfer and on the spot to get their reaction, if in doubt or misinterpretation, immediately clarified. In addition, there is an advantage that oral communication can be attached to the facial expressions, gestures and other body language or tone, mood and other side languages, to strengthen the effectiveness of communication. Verbal communication has its drawbacks. Information orally transmitted through multiple levels of information attenuation and distortion serious. Non-verbal communication Non-verbal communication is accompanied by some non-verbal behavior of communication, it can affect the effectiveness of communication. Such as facial expressions, body posture, voice (tone, pitch, volume), gestures, touch, eye contact and space. Non-verbal message is a not very clear message, but it is often more real than oral communication Because it tends to be spontaneous and more difficult to conceal. The same word can be due to different non-verbal behavior and have different meanings and effects, some people think that the importance of non-verbal communication even more than the language of communication In short, verbal communication is though the mouth and words, non-verbal communication is the heart and ability to understand. 3.based on the kluckhohn model explain American culture value in details 4.according to the hofstede model how does collectivism affect japanese life individualism-collectivism (个人主义/集体主义) Uncertainty avoidance (不确定性规避) power distance (权利距离) masculinity-femininity (男性/女性) Collectivism is a basic element of human culture that exists independently of any one political system and has existed since the founding of human society ten thousand years ago. It is a feature that all societies use to some degree or another and therefore an inherent feature of human nature. For example, monarchical societies often had a system of "social ranks" which were collectivist because the social rank one had or did not have was more important than his or her individual will, and the specific rank in question could only be overridden in very limited cases. An example of collectivism in more modern times are the police and fire departments. All individuals (except in rare cases) are expected to pay taxes to these organizations and their will has been overridden in making them do so under law, thus they are collectivist institutions. We also see, that in regards to a police department, an individual can be detained whether he or she wishes to or not, overriding his or her will as an example of collectivism.Collectivists usually focus on community, society, or nation. It is used and has been used as an element in many different and diverse types of government and political, economic and educational philosophies throughout history and all human societies in practice contain elements of both individualism and collectivism. Some examples of collectivist democracies include Portugal, India, and Japan. 5.what the main differences between Chinese education system and western education system The essential difference between Western and Chinese education :Western education is an attempt to educate, let the students try to experience, found difficulty in the experience and problems found by the students themselves,Accumulated experience in solving the difficulties in concluded. That is the real achievement of students belonging to their own knowledge. China's education is a kind of indoctrination education,China's education is a kind of indoctrination education, The frist tell the students the experience of adults Let students step by step, to study and practice under the teacher step by step guide, then get the conclusion that the book knowledge, the results are often difficult to jump out of the existing fixed pattern.Western and Chinese education is that the biggest difference is whether is people-oriented nature, and whether from the student's instinct,Chinese education is a "no-defect production" Education Concept is the perfect education, hoping to produce the qualified products。Education students follow the "learning is not infallible" regular, students innovative thinking being detained in the school "perfect" education mode.Western education is humanity, from an early age on classroom practice and analysis capabilities, encourage ideological and free-thinking, and be responsible for their words and deeds.Role of teachers in education and teaching is a guider。Teachers and students in classroom teaching cordial and unfettered,and to discuss issues together .Students appeared questions to go to the library or group to resolve.The students themselves to seek information to judge the correctness of their own, no teacher disciplining students to think independently and help students develop Creative thinking in independent or group - Let students ideological of freedom and autonomy. How to make students feel happy in the classroom, so that students can actively engaged in learning, which is the teacher in the West often think about.China classroom belong teacher.The teacher at the podium uninterrupted lecture, students listen carefully and convinced answers Of textbooks and teacher. Teacher asks a question, students should try their best to answer correctly ,it is a tendentious indoctrination .Students and teachers lack of close and friendship and harmonious communication,Resulting student in a single thinking, imagine fuzzy passively acceptance of knowledge and rote memorization Western education is easier to explore the genius: Western Educational attention to the cultivation of students' creativity; focus on the flexible application of knowledge,It is to guide the education of students;West of basic education on the basis of the most basic requirements of the reach, allowing students greater freedom of choice.China education attach importance to reinforce the basics of knowledge, and Pay attention to the inculcation and proficiency of knowledge.Americans discovered his interest in children during play and In order to guide each person to play the greatest potential, dig out the genius 6.explain the pros and cons of nonverbal communication Non-verbal communication is the language of communication in terms of respect of the exchange of information through body movements, posture, tone on tone, spatial distance, etc., to carry out the process of communication.In verbal communication, the some contents of the information is often expressed through language,Non-verbal communication is a framework to explain the contents to express the relevant portions of the information. Therefore, non-verbal communication is often mistakenly thought to be complementary or supporting roles.Nonverbal communication function is to transmit information, communicate ideas and share feelings.Use non-verbal communication symbols repeated verbal meaning of the expression or to deepen the impression of action;Particularly as people use their own words to communicate, with corresponding expressions and other nonverbal signs to replace the language.Sometimes even if a party did not speak, you can see what he means, such as facial expressions from their non-verbal symbols, this time, the non-verbal symbols instead of words to play the role of symbolic meaning of the expression.Non Verbal Sign in is support tool nonverbal communication,And as "accompanying language",Make language more accurate, powerful, vivid,and specific.Regulation and control language, using non-verbal symbols to represent the intention to communicate in different stages, to express their intention to change the information. Due to the presence of non-verbal form of communication is impossible that no communication between people .No language does not mean there is no communication.Although non-verbal communication is more vague than the verbal communication, but it can express more specific information. Here the "fuzzy" refers to the meaning of nonverbal communication in the absence of the specific context of difficult to determine;"Specific" means that more people are able to gain a wealth of information based on long experience in the particular context.These nonverbal communication characterized on the one hand determines the complexity of non-verbal communication, it also determines the importance of non-verbal communication.In cross-border cultural exchanges and non-verbal communication are also disadvantages, because the two sides differ from each other cultural backgrounds, some of the behaviors that express the meaning is different, easy to send the wrong message, causing misunderstanding Many non-verbal communication is often limited to a specific area range, thus highlighting the cultural differences widespread.A large number of non-verbal behavior is rooted in the culture. Smiles and handshakes tell you this cultural treasure-friendly,bow tell you the kind of cultural etiquette, pay attention to the identity and status.When the Indians greet each other, usually together in prayer in the chest, head slightly tilted down, this greeting reflects people believe that God is present in everyone rather than an individual body.Therefore, non-verbal communication can reflect a lot of cultural differences