高考英语单选主观臆断型题教案

高考英语单选主观臆断型题 教案 中职数学基础模块教案 下载北师大版¥1.2次方程的根与系数的关系的教案关于坚持的教案初中数学教案下载电子教案下载 高考英语单选主观臆断型题教案 各类典型高考英语陷阱题按照其陷阱特征分为:思维定势型、语境忽略型、主观臆断型、母语干拢型、结构误配型、规则硬套型、句型混乱型、词义误解型、成分省略型、插入隔离型、词性误用型、知识死角型等。下面先看主观臆断型: 所谓主观臆断，即凭主观推测认为事情大概如此或应该如此。既然是凭主观作出的推测，自然就难免有出错的时候。 下面我们一起看看同学经常犯的主观臆断型错误吧: ?Every minute should be made full use of _________ the lessons. A. to study B. study C. studying D. studied 【说明】一看题干，许多同学会想当然地认为此题肯定选C，因为空格前有介词 of，其后的动词 study 用作介词 of 的宾语，当然要用动名词。你真的这样认为吗,那你就错了。 ?_________ is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad. A. He B. It C. ThatD. What 【说明】此题的最佳答案是B吗,句首应填一个形式主语 it 吗,如果你这样想，又错了。为什么, 本节为同学们搜集了不少想当然错误的典型例题，快快往下读吧。 ?If a book is in English, _________ means slow progress for you. A. as B. which C. what D. that A或B，想当然地根据空格前的逗号认为这是非限制性定语【 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 】此题容易误选 从句。这样分析的同学，主要是忽略了前一句句首的 if。其实此题应选D，逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的意思，用作主句的主语。同样地，下面几题也应选 that，而不选 which: (1) If he’s only interested in your looks, ________ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that (2) If you want to go, _________is quite all right with me. A. that B. which C. and it D. so (3) When I say two hours, _________ includes time for eating. A. as B. which C. what D. that (4) If you want a double room , _________ will cost another ,15. A. as B. which C. what D. that (5) If you have the money, _________ will be OK. A. as B. which C. and it D. that 下例也选 that 而不选 which，其中 that 表示―那‖: Unless I’m very much mistaken, _________ is my watch you’re wearing! A. as B. which C. what D. that ?________ is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad. A. He B. It C. ThatD. What 【分析】此题容易误选B，认为这是考查形式主语。其实，此题的正确答案是D，句首的 What is hard 是主语从句，注意 what is hard 后的谓语动词 is。假若没有此 is，则应选B，即说成 It is hard to do good all one's life and never do anything bad. 请做以下类似试题(答案均为C): (1) a. _________ is difficult to persuade her to stay. b. _________ is difficult is to persuade her to stay. A. It, It B. What, WhatC. It, What D. What, It (2) a. _________ is interesting to watch children play games. b. _________ is interesting is to watch children play games. A. It, It B. What, WhatC. It, What D. What, It (3) a. _________ is dangerous to play with fire. b. _________ is dangerous is to play with fire. A. It, It B. What, WhatC. It, What D. What, It ?The chemistry teacher required the students _________ more attention _________ the lab clean. A. to pay, to keep B. to paying, to keeping C. to pay, to keeping D. paying, keeping 【分析】此题容易误选A，认为空白处应填两个不定式。其实正确答案是C，第一空填不定式，即套用 require sb to do sth (要求某人做某事)句型，而第二空则应填 to keeping，因为 pay attention to(注意)中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，所以其后接动词时要用动名词。再有: ?―Is your car equal _________ hers in speed?‖ ―No, mine is faster. But my old one equals _________ hers in speed.‖ A. to, to B. 不填，不填 C. to, 不填 D. 不填，to 【分析】此题容易误选A 或B，其实应选C。第一空前的equal 是形容词，用于be equal 是动词，且为及物动词，意为―等equal to 时，表示―等于‖;第二空前的 于……‖或―与……相等‖，注意不要受形容词用法的影响，在用作动词的 equal 后误加介词 to。 ?―Was it under the tree ______you were away talking to a friend?‖ ―Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone. A. that B. where C. which D. while 【分析】此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。其实此题的最佳答案是D。做好此题的关键是正确理解句中 it 的用法和意思。从上下文的语境来看，句中的 it 应是代词，指代 the bike，句意为:―当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗?‖―肯定是的，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。‖ ?―What made her struggle ________ an artist so hard?‖ ―_________she was a woman.‖ A. became, 不填 B. to become, 不填 C. become, That D. to become, That 【分析】此题容易误选C，想当然地认为第一空应填 become (不带to)，是因为其前有使役动词 made。其实，此题应选D，在 What made her struggle to become an artist so hard? 一句中，what 是句子主语，made 是谓语，her struggle to become an artist 是宾语 (其中的不定式 to become an artist 是修饰her struggle 的定语)，so hard 是宾语补足语。许多同学误选C是将 her struggle 看作宾语，而将 become an artist 看作是宾语补足语，照此分析，so hard 又是什么成分呢,第二空填 That，用以引导主语从句 (此 that 不可省略)，其后的谓语和宾语等被省略，若补充完整，即为 That she was a woman made her struggle to become an artist so hard. ?_______doesn’t seem to have been much difficulty in solving the problem. A. It B. ThatC. There D. He 【分析】许多同学一看选项便想当然地认为，这是考查形式主语 it 的用法，所以便毫不犹豫地选了A。同学们仔细想想看，假若此题选形式主语 it，那么真正的主 语在哪儿呢,没有。其实，此题应选C，属 there be 句型一种比较复杂的表现形式，请看下面几个句子，它们均属there be 句型，但结构一个比一个复杂: There is much difficulty in solving the problem. There seems to be much difficulty in solving the problem. There seems to have been much difficulty in solving the problem. There doesn’t seem to have been much difficulty in solving the problem. 以下各句用的是否是 there be句型，你看得出来吗?(答案均选B) (1) There is going to _________ a class meeting tonight A. have B. be C. do D. attend (2) _________ used to be a big tree in front of the old house. A. It B. There C. They D. That (3) _________ happened to be a foreign teacher there. A. It B. There C. They D. That (4) There seems to _________ a storm soon. A. have B. be C. fall D. blow (5) _________ have been many such accidents here recently. A. It B. There C. They D. We (6) There must have _________ something wrong with the machine. A. gone B. been C. had D. done (7) _________ is said to be no life on the moon. A. It B. There C. ThatD. He ?Not far from the school there was a garden, _________ owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon. A. its B. whose C. which D. that 【分析】此题很‎‎容易误选B，许多同学会认为句中逗号后是一个非限制性的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词 owner。此分析从表面上看，似乎天衣无缝，但实质上是错的，原因是空格后根本不是一个句子，因为没有谓语。尽管句中有两个动词，但它们都是非谓语动词。也许有的同学认为，其中的 seated 可视为谓语动词，但是注意，seat 用作动词时，它总是及物的，其后要么接宾语，要么它就用于被动语态，所以若在 seated 前加上助动词 is，则可以选择B(当然若将 seated 改为 sitting，也应选择B)。所以此题最佳答案选A。请再看一个类似的例子: (1) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ translated into foreign languages. A. it B. them C. which D. that (2) He wrote a lot of novels, many of ________ were translated into foreign languages. A. it B. them C. which D. that 第(1)应选B，而不能选C，是因为句中的 translated 是过去分词(非谓语动词)，若选C，则该从句无谓语;第(2)应选C，因为句中有谓语 were translated。再请看下面一例: (3) He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _________ were translated into foreign languages. A. it B. them C. which D. that 此题与上面的第(2)题不同，两句间多了一个并列连词and，说明这是一个并列句，故应选B，则不能选C。 请做做以下三题(答案均为B): (1) There I met several people, two of _________ being foreigners. A. which B. them C. whom D. that (2) There I met several people, two of _________ were foreigners. A. which B. whom C. who D. that (3) There I met several people, and two of _________ were foreigners. A. which B. them C. whom D. that ?The soldiers tried their best and did what they could _________ against the flood. A. fight B. to fight C. fighting D. fought 【分析】有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 fight，即断定选A答案。其实选错了，正确答案应是B。这是一个省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为The soldiers tried their best and did what they could do to fight against the flood (士兵们竭尽全力抗洪)。即句中的不定式短语 (to fight against the flood) 用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句: (1) He did what he could to help us. 他尽力帮助我们。 (2) He saved what he could to buy a car. 他尽量节约每一分钱以便买车。 (3) He ran as fast as he could to catch the early bus. 他拼命地跑以便赶上早班车。 至此，有的同学可能又会想当然地认为，今后只要遇到类似结构的题选带to不定式就万事大吉了，但也不一定，例外还是有的，还得具体问题具体分析。请看下例: (4) He ran as fast as he could _________ to catch the early bus. A. to hope B. hope C. hoping D. hoped 若根据以上―经验‖认为此题要选A答案，那就又错了。此题应选 C，其中的现在分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。 (5) He spent every minute he could _________ spoken English. A. practise B. to practise C. practising D. practised 此题应选 C，它与以上各题的情形均有所不同，虽然与上面的第(4)题的答案一样，均为动词的 –ing 形式，但也不完全一样:第(4)的 hoping 为现在分词，在句中用作伴随状语;而此题的 practising 是动名词，之所以用它与前面动词 spent 的搭配有关，即 spend … (in) doing sth。若将此句补充完整，即为 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English. (6) Mr Smith made up his mind to devote all he could _________ his oral English before going abroad. A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. to improving 此题答案选D，注意两点:一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配，意为―把……贡献给……‖;二是其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。 ?―Oh, how fat he is!‖ ―But I think he is _________ than fat.‖ A. short B. shorter C. more short D. shortest 【分析】此题容易误选B，认为 short为单音节形容词，故用-er构成比较级。其实正确答案应是C。要弄清此问题，得先从比较句型的两种不同类型说起: (1) 异类同质比较:即指两个不同的人或事物(异类)在同一方面(同质)进行比较。如: He is stronger than me. 他比我强壮。 Our country is more powerful than theirs. 我们的国家比他们的国家更强大。 (2) 同类异质比较:即指同一个人或事物(同类)在两个不同的方面(异质)进行比较(注意译文): He is more brave than wise. 他有勇无谋。 与其说他胖，不如说他矮。 He’s more short than fat. She is more lucky than clever. 与其说她聪明，不如说她幸运。 按英语习惯，在进行同类异质比较时，只能用more构成比较级，不能用-er形式，即使是单音节词也是如此。 ?―Is he a man with good manners?‖ ―No, he is _________ but polite.‖ A. anything B. anyone C. anybody D. anywhere 【分析】此题容易误选B或C，因为句子主语指人，只有B、C才与之一致。其实，正确答案应选A。因为 anything but 是习语，意为―根本不是‖或―一点也不‖，不仅可用于事物，也可用于人。如: That old bridge is anything but safe. 那座桥一点也不安全。 My income is anything but large. 我的收入绝对不算多。 The fight is anything but finished. 战斗绝没有结束。 Her father was anything but a poet. 她父亲根本不是诗人。 Such a man was anything but a hero. 那样的人绝不算英雄。 ?He likes living alone, and says that he wants to go and live in a place _________ nobody knows. A. where B. that C. when D. what 【分析】有的同‎‎学一看到 place 是表示―地点‖的名词，于是就毫不犹豫地选了A，但是错了，最佳答案应是B。表示―地点‖的名词后到底是用 where 还是用 that 或 which 来引导定语从句，原则上应注意以下两点: 一是看关系词的句法功能。由于 where 是关系副词，它在定语从句中用作状语，而that 和 which 是关系代词，它们在定语从句中用作主语或宾语。所以区别是关系副词还是关系代词的关键就是看定语从句是否缺主语或宾语，若缺主语或宾语则用关系代词，若不缺主语或宾语则用关系副词。比较: (1) This is the room _________I lived ten years ago. A. that B. where C. who D. what (2) This is the room _________I lived in ten years ago. A. that B. where C. who D. what (3) This is the room _________I bought ten years ago. A. that B. where C. who D. what (4) This is the room _________I visited ten years ago. A. that B. where C. who D. what (5) This is the room _________I was born ten years ago. A. that B. where C. who D. what 第(1)题选B，因为 live 是不及物动词，它无需接宾语;第(2)题选A，因为虽然 live 不及物， 但live in 却是及物， 它应有自己的宾语;第(3)(4)题也应选A， 因为 buy 和 visit均为及物动词，它们应有自己的宾语;第(5)应选B，因为 be born 无需有自己的宾语。 二要看句意。一般说来，句子是否缺宾语，主要是看定语从句中的动词是否为及物动词或带有介词等，但问题是有些动词既可用作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词，它是否需要带宾语则要视句意而定。比较: This is the school where I studied five years ago. 这是我五年前读过书的学校。(句中 study 用作不及物动词，意为―学习‖或―读书‖) This is the school that I studied five years ago. 这是我五年前研究过的那所学校。(句中 study 为及物动词，意为―研究‖) 现在我们回到上‎‎面的试题来看一看，从理论上说，动词 know 可用作及物和不及物动词，也就是说它可以带宾语也可以不带宾语。但根据本句的意思(―他喜欢一个人生活，并说他要去一个没有知道的地方‖)，know 应为及物动词，因为从语意上它要带 place 作其宾语。 高考英语模拟训练专项动词及动词短语 1(The news was a terrible blow to her, but she will _____ the shock soon. A. get out B. get through C. get off D. get over 2.The sound of the music ____louder and louder as the band marched nearer to me. A. grew B. felt C. appeared D. remained 3. Off the east, the sky looked pale enough to ____ the storm would be passing quickly. A. suggest B. report C. prove D. explain 4.—Have you finished your homework yet? —Not yet, I ___ to do it just a few minutes ago. A. get down B. set out C. set about D. set up 5(The thing that _____ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not. A. matters B(cares C(considers D(minds 6.—So how is your new roommate? —She really _____. She’s always making loud noises at midnight and when I remind her,she always makes rude remarks. A. turns me off B. turns me down C. turns me out D. turns me over 7. To be honest, I don’t quite ____ with you some general views on the weather. A. did B. allow C. bother D. share 8. Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may ____ the shocking ending. A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off 9. The old houses are being pulled down to ____ a new office block. A. supply with B. make use of C. make room for D. take the place of 10. It is fashionable to drive a car, but to drive a car is not nearly as difficult as it is imagined on condition that you ________ the specialized rules. A. give up B(stick to C(insist on D(connect to 11. Will you my composition to find out whether I’ve made any spelling mistakes? A. look through B(look on C(look up D(look out of 12. As is known to us all, failure usually _ __ laziness while diligence can ______ success. A. results from, lie in B. results in, result from C. leads to, lie in D. results from, result in 13. He has been fired and will have to over charge of his office tomorrow. A. take B(hand C(get D(go 14. His aunt’s letters him of those beautiful days when they used to live together in his hometown. A. call up B(call for C(call on D(call at 15. —Did you reach the top of the mountain? —Yes. Even I myself didn’t believe I could it. A. work B(climb C(get D(make In Britain today women 44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with 16. children are in paid work. A. build up B(make up C(take up D(send up 17. We trust you ; only you can him to give up smoking . A. suggest B(attract C(advise D(persuade 18. —Have a good rest ; you need to your energy for the football match this afternoon . —Thanks a lot . A. leave B(save C(hold D(get 19. In that country, guests usually feel that they are not highly ________ if the invitation to a dinner party is given only three or four days before the party date( A. regarded B. thought C. admired D. concerned 20. Difficulties and hardships have ________ the best character of the young geologist. A. brought in B. brought up C. brought out D. brought about 21. Our daughter doesn’t know what to at the university ; she can’t make up her mind about her future . A. take in B(take up C(take over D(take on 22. Ling Feng won the first prize in the national English competition and I’m glad that her efforts at last ________. A. worked out B(got back C(paid off D(turned out 23. The Browns sent lots of invitations for their party. But because of the improper time, few people _____ it. A. attended B(accepted C(received D(enjoyed 24. I think John will a good monitor, so I’d like to vote for him. A. turn B(change C(elect D(make 25. The girl _____ to be a good dancer if she is well trained in an art school. A. expects B(allows C(wishes D(promises 26.—What do you think of Andrew ? —There are some things that are not easy to , and his coldness is one . A. put aside B(put up with C(think of D(get along with 27.—Does he know how to work out the problem ? —Yes , he has a good idea to solve it . A. caught up with B(kept up with C(come up with D(put up with 28. —Will Thursday or Friday you ? —Either will . A. fit , be B(fit , OK C(suit , all right D(suit , do 29. Eating too much fat can heart disease and cause high blood pressure . A. result from B(contribute to C(attend to D(devote to 30. It suddenly to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daughter. A. happened B(occurred C(thought D(took place 【答案解析】 1. D 本题考查相近动词短语的词义辨析能力。四个词组只有get over有克服之意。故选D。 2. A grow 变得，表示一个渐进的过程;feel，认为，感觉; appear 显得;remain 保留，依然。题干中的as是关键词，表示―随着乐队向我们走的越来越近，音乐的声音也变得越来越大‖。 3. A 本题检测近义动词的辨析能力。suggest暗示，意味着;report 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 ;prove证明;explain解释。本句句义为―东方灰蒙蒙的天空暗示着暴风雪即将来临。‖ 4. B get down to doing sth 开始做某事，set out to do sth 着手做某事，set about doing sth 开始做某事，set up 建立。故选B。 5. A 本句句意为:重要的事情是:不是你失败与否，而是你是否努力了。matter:be important，故选A。 6. A ff 使某人厌烦或厌恶 turn sb down :拒绝，不理会 turn sb out :赶走某turn sb o 人，turn sb over :使某人翻身。本句语言环境为:我的新室友经常在深夜制造噪音，当我提醒她时，她却说脏话。她的这些举动当然令我生厌。故选A。 7. A 本题的句式结构变一下，就可看出本题考查的是share sth with sb.故选D。 8. A 本句句意为:不要在故事的开头提及它，否则，那会泄露事故结尾。give away :泄露。故选A。 9. C 旧房子被推倒目的是给新办公楼腾出地方。make room for 为… 腾出空间。故选C。 10. B give up :放弃，stick to :not change, keep to sth 坚持或维持某事物，insist on :demand 坚持要求 ，connect to 与…有联系。只要你坚持(遵守)交通规则，开车并不像想象的那么难，故选B。 11. A 你能否浏览一下‎‎我的作文，看一下是否有拼写错误,look through:浏览.翻阅，故选A。 12. D result from:因…而发生，后接原因;lie in:存在于，后接原因;result in 产生某种结果，lead to:导致，后接结果。失败是因为懒惰，而勤奋则导致成功，故选D。 13. B 他被解雇了，明天不得不移交对公司的管理权。hand over:把… 移交…，take over:接收.接管，get over:克服，go over:复习。故选B。 14. A call up:想起某事物.回忆某事，call for:需求.需要，call on:号召.请求拜访(某人)，call at:拜访(某地)。他婶婶的信使他想起了他们在一起度过的日子，故选A。 15., make it :be successful.甚至我自己都不相信我能成功地攀上山顶。climb it 只表示爬山，不能表示爬到山顶,故选D. 16. B build up:变得更大.更多或更强;make up组成，构成某事物;take up:占据;send up 发射。今天的英国，妇女构成了劳动力的44%，故选B。 17. D 我们相信你，只有你才能说服他戒烟。suggest不跟动词不定式，attract:吸引;advise:只是劝说而已，persuade:劝服，说服，故选D。 18. B 好好休息一下，你需要为足球比赛保存体力。save: keep sth for future use:储存.保存，故选B。 19. A 在那个国家，赴宴会的邀请书仅在宴会前三.四天收到，会让客人感到他们不被重视。regarded:重视，若选B，则应用thought of，故选A。 20. C bring in:逮捕，搜集;bring up:培养;bring out:产生某种品质;bring about:使……发生。本句意为:困难和困苦已经使那名年轻的地质学家形成了优秀的品格。故选C。 21. B take in:吸收.包括;take up: 从事……;take over接管;take on 呈现。我女儿不知在大学里学习什么专业，故选B。 22. C pay off:偿还，偿清，回报，努力付出终有回报，故选C。 23. A it指代的是party。因为时间不合适。很少人出席了晚会，故选A。 24. D make:变成。我认为John会是一名好班长的，所以我投了他一票。若用A，则应变成turn into或去掉冠词a，故选D。 25. D 如果那个女孩在‎‎艺校进行良好的训练，她有望成为一名好舞蹈家，promise使……很有可能，有望。故选D。 26. B put aside:储存，把……放到一边;put up with忍受，容忍; think of考虑;get along with:与……相处，进展; 谈到Andrew,有很多事情不能容忍，冷酷便是其中之一。故选B。 27. C catch up with:跟上，赶上;keep up with:跟上;come up with 找到，想起;put up with:容忍.忍受，他已找到了解决问题的方法。故选项C。 28. D fit 作动词时，表示衣服的大小是否适合，排除A. B两项。若选C，则应用be all right。do:be sufficient or satisfactory for sb.故选D。 29. B 吃太多的脂肪容易导致心脏疾病和高血压，contribute to:导致.促成。故选B 30. B occur to sb :come into a person’s mind想到.想起。侦探突然想起百万富翁有可能被他女儿所杀;happen to sb某人发生了什么事。故选B