英语专业考研基础英语7套真题

北京师范大学2003年研 I. Grammar        1. Insert prepositions in the slots.  It is a well-known rule (    ) logic that classifications made (    ) the basis of a single attribute are artificial and (    ) limited use.  So there must be a cluster of attributes (    ) which a human group is defined, and these must be specific and essential, if they are to serve a useful purpose. Yet what is essential (    ) one observer is not (    ) another. Some would opt (    ) language, others (    ) race, religion, or shared destiny in the past or the present. It is also quite common to find that individuals tend to identify their own community (    ) criteria which may be different from those used (    ) the same purpose by outsiders. 2.       Supply an article in the slot when necessary. All ( ) books are divisible into two kinds; ( ) books of ( ) hour, and ( ) books of all ( ) time. Mark this distinction —it is not one of ( ) quality only. It is not merely ( ) bad book that does not last, and ( ) good one that does. It is ( ) distinction of (    ) species.  3、 Supply the proper verb forms in the slots.    Einstein's connection with the politics of the nuclear bomb      (be) well known. In 1933 Hitler    (come) to power. Einstein       (be) in America, and he_      (declare) he    (not return) to Germany. In the face of the Nazi threat, Einstein      (renounce) pacifism, and eventually        __  (fear) that German scientists    (build) a nuclear bomb,    (propose) that the United States      (develop) its own. But even before the first atomic bomb had been detonated, he publicly warned of the danger of nuclear war and proposed international control of nuclear weaponry. Ⅱ. Vocabulary    1. Choose words from column A to fit the definitions in column B.    Example: foreman, forester          a man who is in charge of a group of workmen: foreman A.    reluctant,  leisure,  yearning,  entertainer,  supersede,  rebuff, incompatible, sabbatical leave, assert, artifact, variable, tramps;    B.    (1) an unexpected or contemptuous refusal:    (2) freedom from work:        (3) insist on one's right;        (4) one who amuses an audience as a profession:    (5) a period of paid free time for rest and special study given to a university teacher after a certain length of service;    (6) a thing or quantity that is changeable;            (7) people who roam the streets to find what they can:        (8) strong longing, feeling or desire for:          (9) anything made by human work or act:            (10) opposed in character; unable to exist in harmony;       (11) unwilling, not wanting to do something:        (12)take the place of because better or more important;    2. Complete the following paragraph by filling in the blanks with appropriate words from the list below, modifying their form where necessary. immune, little, to roam, against, to pronounce, astound, away, austere, to slice, outburst, to have, to hunt, outset, to promote; We were strolling through Oxford's old buildings as he was   1  these words. I had often  2  round the outside looking up at the  3  walls, and imagining the opulent interiors. But 4  lived here now for some years, I had grown  5  to its beauty. At the 6 of my walk with the Professor, we had talked a little about the country's economy, but this sudden 7  against our society did not just  8  me but left me quite flabbergasted. I  9 in my mind for something non-committal to say.  "Is it really possible to   10  our society down the middle like that?" I asked. "I mean," I said, panicking a  11  lest I had offended this eminent man, "is it really as bad as all that? Shouldn't we be trying to 12  understanding between people, rather than setting them up  13  one another?" I hunted in my mind for a way of turning the conversation  14  to less troubled waters. 3.    Choose the word from A, B or C that best completes the sentence. 1.    National and international efforts should give    to action programs integrating population and development.    A. privilege    B. priority  C. principle    2. At Golden State Power we are accused of the same thing for    reasons. A. identical    B. optional    C. original 3.    Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door,    to find it locked. A. just      B. only        C. hence 4.    On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont    I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading "Boston". A. where      B. which      C. when 5.    The remarkable    of life on the Galopagos Island inspired Darwin to establish his theory of evolution. A. variety    B. celebrity    C. diversity 6.    If you want to set up a company, you must    with the regulations laid down by the authorities. A. confirm    B. accord    C. comply 7.    A wage-earner has to make    for his/her old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old. A. supply    B. provision    C. assurance        8.    We all know that the farmers are more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they have more at          A. stake    B. loss        C. danger 9.    The pollution question as well as other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in    again next spring. A. assembly    B. conference    C. session  10. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must    the qualities and varieties of products we make to world market demand.    A. improve    B. enhance      C. gear      11.An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to    further research and further thinking about a particular topic.    A. advocate    B. arouse    C. stimulate 12. Language, culture, and personality may be considered    of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact. A. independent    B. instinctive    C. separate    北京第二外国语学院2004研   I. GRAMMAR, Directions: In this section, there are 13 sentences each with one word or phrase missing. Choose one of the four choices marked A, B, C, and D that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening 1.    As far as we know, in this matter Jim seems    .  A. to be in no way to blame    B. to be in no way to be blamed C. to be to blame in no way    D. to be blamed in no way 2.      , he might have retired before the end.    A. Didn't he enjoy the concert      B. Has he not enjoyed the concert C. Were he not enjoy the concert    D. Had he not enjoyed the concert 3.    I don't see how you can stop your daughter,     she is lawfully old enough to get married. A. once    B. thus      C. yet    D. since 4. The developing countries are the richly mineralized districts in the world     the developed countries are the districts which are short of minerals. A. anyway      B. nevertheless      C. while      D. instead 5.    Jane rented    novels from the circulating library yesterday afternoon.  . A. two interesting American    B. two American interesting C. interesting two American    D. American two interesting 6.    The manager       his suitcase in which there is plenty of cash yet, for he is not sure where he left it behind.      A. had not found        B. has not found    C. did not find    D. cannot find 7. The minister didn't show any interest in the democratic reforms    . A. all in all  B. after all        C. not at all    D. at all    . 8. I haven't seen her    .    A. since long    B. long since    C. long ago      D. long before 9.    Why      this way?    to meet him?   A. are you walking / Do you want    B. do you walk / Do you want C. do you walk / Are you wanting        D. are you walking / Did you want 10. "Will a bus stop here soon?" "No,      .”         A. ten minutes ago one just went by    B. one just went by ten minutes ago C. ten minutes ago just one went by        D. just one went by ten minutes ago 11. The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand,     all practical value by the time they were finished. A. could lose    B. would have lost  C. might lose    D. ought to have lost 12. The lady over there is     A. Jane and Mary mother        B. Jane and Mary’s mother C. Jane's and Mary's mother      D. Jane's and Mary mother        13. Not even a word    concerning these important matters.    A. he mentioned              B. he mentions    C. did he mention        D. he does mention      II. VOCABULARY Section A Directions; In this section, there are 10 sentences each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose one of the four choices marked A, B, C, and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET 1.    Intermittent showers were forecast for the day. A. Heavy    B. Recurrent    C. All-day    D. Instantaneous 2.    The saucy child protruded his tongue. A. propelled        B. showed    C. projected      D. hurt 3.    Mary's impromptu speech given at the state competition won her first prize. A. extemporaneous          B. well-prepared      C. eloquent              D. carefully-designed    4.    His loud voice drowned what the girl was trying to tell us.    A. undulated      B. surprised    C. inundated    D. overturned 5.    We adorned our room with new rugs, lamps and pictures. A. embroidered    B. embellished    C. furnished    D. addressed 6.    I am glad to hear about the young man's good convalescence. A. personality    B. response    C. temper      D. recovery 7.    When the woman assembles and brings all these books, she musters them.      A. barters        B. takes      C. gathers      D. counts 8. It is now generally assumed that the planets were formed by the accretion of gas and dust in a cosmic cloud. A. separation      B. motion      C. progression      D. accumulation 9. Ghost stories are vestiges of a widespread belief in ghosts.      A. legends        B. remnants    C. residences  D. reflections 10. The process of respiration consists of two independent actions, inhaling and exhaling. A. speaking    B. marketing      C. expanding    D. breathing Section B Directions; In this section, there are 19 sentences each with one word or phrase missing. Choose one of the four choices marked A, B, C, and D that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening it. 11. The writer was not used to speaking in public, but when the opportunity presented itself, he rose to the      . A. chance    B. event    C. occasion    D. circumstance 12. Most of the author's earlier works were published under a           A. pseudonym  B. misnomer    C. nickname    D. namesake 13. The black boys and girls need not have felt    for their dark skin in the summer camp. A. self-effacing  B. self-conscious     C. self-centered    D. self-evident 14. If you keep on working too hard, your health will    .    A. degenerate    B. degrade  C. deteriorate    D. deform 15. Several of the advertising hoardings had been          by anti-racist slogans. A. deleted        B. erased    C. mutilated    D. defaced 16. Before the conference begins, let's take an    of the present situation. A. overview      B. overall  C. overture    D. oversight 17. The dreadful scenes of the major skirmish    the children off their dinner. A. took  B. put          C. sent          D. set 18. The purpose of the survey was to    the parents with the changes television has made in family life. A. notify    B. tell      C. acquaint    D. inform 19. They had not cleaned the house for weeks and the health inspector found them living in the utmost      . A. contamination        B. pollution     C. decay    D. squalor 20. We must bring him    to our point of view on that subject. A. out    B. forward    C. around      D. about 21. The students wondered why the instructor    in the middle of his speech. A. broke away      B. broke in    C. broke off    D. broke out 22.    The U. N. Security Council makes an attempt to adjust the          between Israe land Palestine. A. problem        B. dispute      C. question        D. matter 23.    While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping    to give her long and flowing hair a smooth. A. occasionally    B. simultaneously    C. eventually      D. promptly 24.    The old lady can't hope to    her cold in a few days. A. hold back      B. get off      C. get over    D. hole up 25.    The island where these rare birds nest has been declared a     area. A. observation      B. reservation      C. preservation    D. conservation 26.    I just managed to    a quick breath before I was sucked under the water by the passing boat.    A. snatch  B. scratch    C. scrape      D. stretch 27.    With prices      so much, it's hard for the company to plan a budget. A. vibrating  B. waving    C. fluctuating    D. swings 28.    My house is the only brick one on the street. It    and you can't miss it. A. stands up    B. sticks out        C. looks out        D. make out 29.    Some teenagers harbor a generalized resentment against society, which    them the rights and privileges of adults, although physically they are mature.      A. deprives      B. restricts    C. rejects      D. denies 南开大学2004年研   Directions: The following 39 short statements are provided each with four items. You are to choose for each the best word or phrase in place of the underlined or missing part. Please write your answer on the answer sheet by marking the corresponding letter in each case. 1.    The police      the witness about the accident.    A. question    B. ask      C. interrogate      D. inquire 2.    The salesman       his product when challenged. A. sold      B. spoke of    C. stood up for  D. stood for 3.    She makes a rather      living as a novelist. A. precarious    B. precautionary    C. cautious  D. precocious 4.    She      the chance to spend a whole day with her father. A. jumped on    B. jumped at      C. jumped with  D. jumped up 5.    The car    to avoid hitting the old man.      A. swerved    B. rambled      C. scurried      D. curtailed 6.    Anyone who has a sore throat should    from alcohol. A. abstain    B. retain        C. detain    D. pertain 7.  Free market economy, they believe,       the national economy rather than corrupt it. A. enforces    B. enhances    C. intensifies  D. strengthens 8. Despite a whole night's emergency treatment, the boy's condition is still critical and his life is now hanging by a          A. thread  B. cord    C. string        D. rope 9. The film was banned officially because of the      language and scenes it contained. A. decent    B. optimal    C. obscene    D. vicious 10. China will continue to      to control population growth and improve the living standard of Chinese people.  A. stride    B. contrive    C. strive  D. stripe 11. He avowed his commitment to those ideals. A. acknowledged        B. converted    C. conformed        D. renounced 12. The political dissident was accused of instigating a plot to overthrow the government. A. devising    B. supporting    C. funding    D. provoking 13. I wish you two would stop bickering. A. complaining    B. quarreling        C. bargaining      D. murmuring 14. The defendant is facing severe verdict despite the appeal for clemency by his lawyer. A. forgiving  B. release    C. leniency      D. impartiality 15. The little boy listened, enthralled by the Captain's story. A. fascinated  B. swindled        C. shocked    D. bored 16. I was impressed by his expertise on landing craft.  A. encouragement      B. special skill    C. shrewdness  D. eloquence 17. Your action is a breach of our university regulations. A. observation    B. violation    C. creation  D. attack 18. Subsequent events vindicated his policy. A. predicate  B. swing    C. dilate    D. bear out 19. Drug smuggling carries a mandatory death penalty in most countries in the world. A. impulsive    B. multicolored    C. obligatory    D. laughable 20. Morality, for him, was doing what is expedient. A. undesirable    B. unavailable    C. advantageous    D. inappropriate 21. You'd like this one,       ? A. don't you  B. didn’t you  C. hadn't you    D. wouldn't you 22. Do you happen to know the name of this    ? A.    beautiful, little, red, butterfly-like insect    B.    little, beautiful, red, butterfly-like insect        C.    red; little, beautiful, butterfly-like insect      D.    red, butterfly -like, beautiful, little insect 23. My son walked ten miles today. We never guessed that he could walk    far. A. /       B. such          C. that          D. as 24. If talks for the new trade agreements take     , food industries in both countries will be seriously affected.    A. much too long      B. too much longer  C. too much long      D. much long    25. Frankly, I'd rather you    anything about it for the time being. A. do    B. didn't do    C. don't do       D. didn't 26. This is a nation which    easily to changes.    _ A. adapts        B. is adapted      C. is adaptable    D. is adapting 27. The young man proved    his parents' expectation. A. worth      B. worthy    C. worth of      D. worthy of 28. After a whole day of hard work, all    was a nice meal and a good rest. A. what he wanted      B. which he wanted C. the thing he wanted    D. that he wanted 29.    The new literature course differs from the old course    the students aren't A. which    B. what    C. that    D. where 30.    The new literature course differs from the old course       the students aren’t required to attend lecture. A. in which    B. which    C. in that    D. whereas 31. I wonder whether he knows      to write a book. A. how great pains it will cost    B. what great pains will it take  C. what great pains it will cost    D. what great pains it will take 32.       college students should learn more about Chinese history.  A. I consider important that        B. I consider it important  C. I consider what is important    D. I consider it important that 33. To a highly imaginative writer,       is a pad of paper and a pen. A. all are required    B. all required    C. all is required      D. all that is required 34.       was of no much help to him at that time.    _ A. Little could I do              B. What could I do little      C. The little of which I could do    D. The little that I could do 35. Scientists have reached the conclusion    the temperature on the earth is getting higher and higher. A. when      B. but        C. that      D. for that 36. The teacher said, "It's time you    your oral presentation." A. began    B. should begin    C. begin        D. are beginning 37. You and I could hardly understand each other,    ? A. could I      B. couldn't you      C. could we        D. couldn't we 38. A clue      Americans may have been more honest in the past lies in the Abe Lincoln story. A. as for why      B. as to what    C. as to which        D. as to why 39. Petroleum is to industry    blood is to man. A. that            B. as if      C. what          D. which 对外经济贸易大学2004年研   Directions: Each sentence in this part has a word underlined. Below each sentence are four other words. You are to choose the word which would best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word. 1. A person's religion should be a solace to him in times of trouble and affliction. A. relief    B. soothing    C. consolation    D. consolatory 2. The essence of economic planning lies in the fact that decisions which in a capitalist society are diffused among numerous units are embodied in a single complex decision which constitutes the plan.    A. scattered      B. spread  C. dispatched    D. disposed 3. In Italy during the thirteenth century the form of a new kind of society could be discerned. It conceived itself as a return to, as a rebirth of, an ancient way; but in fact it contained the germ of perpetual regeneration, the capacity, unprecedented in history, for sustained and cumulative development. A. enlightened      B. learned        C. comprehended      D. perceived 4.    Scientific inquiry through the mid-nineteenth century was essentially a leisure class occupation, a hobby for the aristocracy, those who had the wherewithal and the time to devote themselves to objectives without monetary value. A. interest        B. status      C. verve    D. money 5.    Individualism proceeds from erroneous judgment more than from depraved feelings; it originates as much in the deficiencies of the mind as in the perversity of the heart. A. low-minded/unyieldingness.      B. debauched/waywardness C. ill-humored/ungovernedness      D. dispraised/unpersuadableness 6.    It is possible to answer the question What ought to be? or What should be done？without explicitly or implicitly relying on a value premise. A. notion      B. thesis      C. imaginatioin      D. expression 7.    Aristocracy stands only partly for a social class distinguished by special privileges; it is also the perduring and idealized representation of distinctiveness, antimaterialism, and diffused power. A. visible      B. enduring      C. seeming      D. proper 8.    Boston citizens saw history made manifest in fine colonial buildings and all the prosperous vistas of Beacon Hill, and took pride not only in their city's thriving economy but also in its vast concentration of clubs, societies and improving establishments. A. conspectus  B. reconnaissance    C. visualization    D. prospect 9.    The idea of the new-found land to the West, the iconography of the wilderness, the fundamental encounter between man and Nature, the figure of the Indian: all these came to be, for the earliest American writers and their successors, among the most important motifs and themes in the national literature. A. characterization      B. petroglyph    C. duplication    D. incarnation 10.Mid-nineteenth-century Irish immigration was largely the result of the expelling force of the famine, just as late nineteenth and twentieth-century Jewish migration was triggered off by pogroms.      A. slaughter    B. homicide    C. sacrifice    D. crucifixion 11. Indeed, though he was essentially retrospective in his outlook, Hardy anticipated the concerns of modern poetry by treating the craft as an awkward, often skeptical means of penetrating the facade of language. A. retroactive    B. retrogressive    C. reminiscent    D. prospective 12.When the material conditions change, changes are occasioned in the adaptive culture. But these changes in the adaptive culture do not synchronize exactly with the change in the material culture.  A. synthesize    B. operate at the same time    C. overlap    D. evolve      13.There is no shared endeavour or suffering: service in the armed forces has become a rarity, and austerity is a distant memory. A. obdurateness    B. astringency  C. extravagance        D. abstemiousness    14.The stronger the challenge, the more vociferous the evangelism about how the family was the cornerstone of the safe and ordered society, and the wife and mother was the heart of the family. A. incorrigible    B. clamorous    C. strident      D. infirm 15.The more you look back into English history, the more you are forced to the conclusion that alongside the civility, and the deeply held convictions about individual rights, the English have a natural taste for disorder.      A. eminence    B. courteousness    C. harmony    D. condescension    16.    Indeed, we should find Berkeley's philosophy especially poignant in light of the very first and most essential bit of wisdom, which we have identified as part of our meaning of the term philosophical enlightenment. A. thought-provoking    B. abstruse    C. piercing    D. soothing 17.Roosevelt played the game of politics with virtuosity, and both his successes and his failures were carried off in splendid style; his performance seemed to flow with effortless skill.  A. virulence    B. skill      C. resort          D. trick  18.Activation begins at a single node and then spreads in parallel form throughout the network. This activation attenuates over distance, thus ensuring that closely related concepts are more likely to be activated than distant concepts. A. develops    B. strengthens    C. reduces      D. weakens 19.    I felt that the sentence given to the criminal was much too lenient. Murder should carry the maximum penalty.  A. indulgent    . B. felicitous    C. trenchant        D.  tiresome 20.Most executives consider compatibility to be a desirable characteristic for their employees. Internal bickering can be very disruptive. A. ability to type rapidly        B. ability to get to work promptly C. ability to work harmoniously  D. ability to compete ardently 21.The  reverberations  of reform  were  felt  in  the  Roman  Catholic  church  in  a proliferation of new religious orders but not in new liturgical or doctrinal forms.  A. repercussion      B. reverence    C. revelation    D. retrogradation 22.Ancient mountain villages huddle on impossibly narrow ridges or perch defiantly on impregnable hilltops,  their Romanesque churches and medieval battlements reached by dizzying roads that spool down into sunny valleys of vineyards and olive groves. A. brae          B. precipitous    C. sublime    D. invincible 23.Such writers as Harry Elmer Barnes, Charles Tansill, C. Hartley Grattan, and J. Kenneth Tunnel shifted the focus from President Wilson, whom they considered sanctimonious and slow, to the house of Morgan and the Bethlehem Steel Company, which they charged with leading the country into combat to protect their investments in British securities. A. feignedly pious    B. apish.    C. inept    D. extremely bigheaded    24.We went soberly home, not yelling until we were well away from the schoolhouse. We didn't argue or fight, not while Willie Stone was arguing so hard and deliriously for life and love. A. eloquently      B. ragefully        C. crazily            D. persuasively 上海交通大学2003年研   Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence, or that is nearest in meaning to the expressions underlined. 1.    Usually a statute provides a clear answer to the problems.    A. a judicial decision      B. a just solution to a problem      C. a law                  D. the goal of lawyers and judges 2.    Where America technological know-how and marketing power once dominated world markets, Americans now find themselves jockeying for business amid a throng of muscular new rivals. A. riding            B. vying    C. negotiating      D. playing 3.    However, so far, the markets have been impressed by Greenspan's deft moves in inflation busting.          A. warning or protecting    B. discouraging or upsetting      C. breaking or taming          D. curbing or curtailing 4.    The old-style classical education received its most crushing blow in the citadel of Harvard College, where Dr. Charles Eliot, a young captain of thirty-five, son of a former treasurer of Harvard, led the progressive forces. A. stronghold        B. headquarters    C. center    D. base 5.    In many institutions, every student is armed with a personal computer along with an e-mail account, which ensures him full access to the academic milieu, because each college or university is hooked up and logged on to an international on-line service.  A. scene    B. standard      C. advantage    D. success 6.    But that raises concerns for some academicians, mostly from the vintage school, who maintain there's a distinction between information and knowledge, and believe that the latter still requires a live teacher.  A. prime    B. liberal arts    C. grant-in-aid      D. academic 7. The wizardry of supercomputers is no cause for pride so long as the human intellects that direct it remain mired in the stone age.          A. intact        B. oblique          C. unexplored    D. antiquated 8. Hemingway's fiction usually focuses on people living tough, dangerous lives — soldiers, fishermen, athletes, bullfighters who meet the pain and difficulty of their existence with stoic courage. A. staunch and unfailing    B. admirable and impressive C. rare and inspiring      D. disciplined and enduring      9. Basic truths, it was felt, can be reached only through instinct and intuition and are a matter of private experience, faith, and conviction. A. learning        B. presentiment        C. meditation    D. introspection 10. In both urban and rural communities, a rich and varied repertoire of ballads, tales, and poetic forms is preserved in memory and passed from generation to generation. A. list or stock          B. rehearsal        C. performance        D. creation 11. Citizens of prosperous, essentially middle-class republics whether ancient Romans, seventeenth-century Dutch burghers, or nineteenth-century Americans  have always shown a marked taste for portraiture.            A. pronounced          B. fortunate    C. understandable    D. mysterious 12. And our ever-popular nightclub singers are the musical heirs of the French singers of chansons.        A. operas            B. French ballads or folk songs C. blue              D. ragtime 13. There, the sight of the youthful, pliant bodies of athletes, seen in the most graceful exercises and poses, caused the rapid development of sculpture.    A. healthy      B. slim and slender    C. easily bent        D. shapely 14. Though MarisoPs hand exempted no one, a repeated target seemed to be inanities in many women's lives, perhaps an oblique reference to the kind of existence her mother led, but also a sharp insight into untenable social situations. A. trivialities          B. emptiness    C. snobbery          D. superficialness 15. Still, people continue to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they have always built them personal ambition, civic pride, and the desire of owners to have the largest possible amount of rentable space. A. civilized        B. civilian          C. civil            D. public 16. Many studio chiefs were tyrants, determined to get their own way at all costs, no matter how unscrupulous the means.  A. unbaffled      B. unscathed      C. untarnished      D. unethical 17. Redford's festival created an aura that welcomed young directors and persuaded Hollywood to do the same.      A. ambience      B. ambiguity      C. austerity        D. authenticity 18. They have extraordinary gut meters for what's good, they're unbelievable salesmen, and they're equally painful to have to deal with. A. inherent bowels                B. courageous decisions    C. intuitive feelings          D. personal interviews  19. The external surfaces of plants, in addition to being covered by an epidermis and a waxy cuticle, often carry spiky hairs known as trichomes, which either prevent feeding by insects or may even puncture and kill insect larvae. A. pierce    B. pinch    C. surround      D. cover 20. As they go about their daily business breaking down lipids, or fatty substances, on the skin, these bacteria release volatile substances that usually strike the bloodhound's nose as an entire constellation of distinctive scents.    A. brilliant collection  B. inducement        C. provocation        D. aroma 21. We thus arrive at the serious biological paradox flippantly termed the RRR dilemma; nature's failure to produce rats with retractable roller skates. A. enigma          B. inconsistency        C. undesirability      D. shortcoming 22. This generalization is harder to prove and arguable it is more like a strong hunch than a scientific assertion but I believe that the record thus far tends to support it. A. gut feeling    B. belief    C. awareness    D. perception 23. The serum made from the crushed bodies of bees produced more adverse reactions than the injections of the venom did.        A. symptom      B. syndrome      C. anti-toxin      D. mechanism 24. Twenty thousand years ago, the earth was held in thrall by relentlessly probing fingers of ice that drew power from frigid strongholds in the north and crept southwestward to bury forests, fields, and mountains. A. bondage        B. feebleness      C. disadvantage      D. aversion 25. At the same time, so much was drawn from the oceans to form these gargantuan glaciers that sea levels around the world fell by three hundred and fifty feet, and large areas of the continental shelf became dry land.        A. icy        B. glistening      C. extremely heavy    D. colossal 26. In no other work did Tchaikovsky express the suffering and mental pain of his life more poignantly than in the first and fourth movements of this symphony. A. vividly    B. thoroughly    C. deeply    D. bitterly 27. Yet, if he had been less principled, less impeded by such inhibitions as principle placed in his path through the nineteenth-century capitalistic jungle, it is quite probable that his legacy would have been less benign.      A. tradition        B. bequest        C. behest      D. generosity 28. And learning is a process not to be concluded only by the active experience of later years, but to be broadened and deepened by persistent and judicious reading. A. fast        B. sensible        C. in-depth        D. arduous 29. It can only evolve in species with sense organs that are well enough developed so that continuous sensory contact can be maintained.        A. sensuous      B. sensitive        C. sensual          D. audio-visual 30. The cave-making recipe calls for a steady emission of volcanic gas and heat, a heavy annual snowfall at an elevation high enough to keep it from melting during the summer, and a bowl-shaped crater to hold the snow. A. recreation      B. formula        C. process        D. necessity 中国人民大学2004年研   Directions; Write in the blank the letter of the item which best completes each sentence.            1.  Tough-talking ward councilor Tony Jones warned yesterday that the drive to clean up the Oxford Road area is being    by the criminal justice system itself. A. hampered    B. prohibited    C. restricted    D. reserved 2.  It is a source of continuing frustration that sometimes, after huge amounts of resources have gone into securing successful    , career criminals often seem to be free after little more than a third or half of their sentences. A. convictions    B. decisions    C. vanquisher    D. agreements 3.    The police and others are doing their best to clamp down on crime and disorder the intrusion of burglary, the source of drug dealers ruining lives, the threat of intimidation, violence and petty        A. violation    B. vandalism    C. vanquisher    D. variance 4.    At a meeting attended by more than 600 lecturers and support staff last week, workers passed a vote of no    in senior management. A. consensus    B. objection    C. confidence    D. continuation 5.    At the height of her fame during the Second World War, she was one of the world's most influential women. But in later years, a gaunt relic of her former      , she was a forlorn propagandist for her husband's ostracized and diminished regime. A. reputation    B. celerity    C. background    D. celebrity 6.    That he was able to    his responsibilities with such competence and apparent ease was partly due to his experience in the Royal Navy. A. discharge    B. charge    C. obtain    D.  answer 7.    The Galbraiths were a gregarious and    family, probably descended from the Ancient British royal house of Strathelyde. A. proliferate    B. promotive    C. prolific    D. propagable 8. In 1945 he worked for Hambro's Bank, touring the Middle East to report on ___diamond trading. A. elicit            B. illiberal          C. illuminant        D. illicit 9.    Despite his professional    and his strength of character, he had a warm sensitivity for the feelings of others, partly stemming from his memories of hardship at Dartmouth. A. imminence    B. immanence    C. emanation    D. eminence 10. Opposite the Italian journalists, Vladimir Putin, ___dressed and statesmanlike, answered a question about one of the country's notorious billionaires. A. immaculately    B. immeasurably    C. justifiably    D. unkemptly 真题 中国人民大学2003年研 Directions; Write in the blank the letter of the item which best completes each sentence. 1.    Even assuming that Earth is in a desperate battle of survival through a crisis of still-rising population and  energy reserves, there should still continue to be technological advance in those directions that don't depend on wasteful bulk-use of energy. A. lessening    B. minimizing      C. dwindling    D. dwelling    2.    Later, parents urge high schools to adopt more    grading system, worried that the children's self-esteem will plummet when they find that the "satisfactory" of earlier years has now become a "C" or a "D". A. lenient    B. prerequisite    C. prominent    D. subsequent 3. An obvious change of attitude at the top towards women's status in society will through    the current law system in Japan.    A. permeate    B. prevail    C. group        D. tangle 4. Diamonds have little    value and their price depends almost entirely on their scarcity. A. subtle    B. permanent    C. intrinsic    D. intrigue 5.    These areas rely on agriculture almost    , having few mineral resources and a minimum of industrial development. A. desperately    B. incredibly    C. exclusively  D. deliberately 6. This may be because of a view that there is a genuine change in trend or because of the dangerous propensity to    short-term experience to the future. A. scrutinize    B. exhortate        C. deteriorate    D. extrapolate 7.    In later years, I helped my two sons find work in Ford plants so they could gain the appreciation for plant life and develop a sincere conviction    by hard work, to complete their college educations.    A. engendered    B. verified    C. endowed    D. provoked 8. New sources of energy must be found, and this will take time, but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and    energy we have had in the times past. A. exquisite    B. resilient    C. copious    D. formidable 9.    Lack of public transportation in the suburbs has caused a terrible    for poor people who live there; they must either buy a car or depend on friends for transportation. A. turbulence    B. predicament    C. prevalence    D. resilience