英语七大时态总结

英语七大时态总结 已学英语七大时态总结 时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 目前学过的英语时态有7种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时和现在完成进行时。其表现形式如下(以do为例): 时态 基本构成 否定和疑问构成 基本结构:?be(is/am/are)动词;?实义动词 否定形式:?is/am/ are+not;?借助于助动词do或 do does完成。 一般现在时 一般疑问句:?把be动词放于句首;?用助动词dodoes 或does提问，后面动词应用动词原形。 (切记:第三人称单数用does) 否定形式:be动词后直接加not。 be(is/am/are) 现在进行时 一般疑问句:把be动词直接移至句首。 doing 基本结构:have/has + done 现在完成时 have/has done 否定形式:have/has + not +done. 一般疑问句:have或has移至句首。 现在 have/has been 属于现在完成时中的特例。变化与完成时相同。 完成进行时 doing 基本结构:?be(was/were)动词;?实义动词 否定形式:?was/were+not;?在实义动词前加didn't， 一般过去时 同时实义动词用原形。 did 一般疑问句:?was或were放于句首;?用助动词 do的过去式did提问，同时实义动词用原形。 基本结构:was/were+doing was/were 过去进行时 否定形式:was/were + not + doing. doing 一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。 基本结构:?am/is/are/going to + do;?will/shall + do. be going to do 否定形式:?was/were + not; will do 一般将来时 ?在助动词will/shall+ not. (shall do用于一般疑问句:?be放于句首;?will/shall提到句首。 ) 一人称be going to do,含有打算、 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 之意, 一. 一般现在时 用法: A)一般现在时表示客观存在及普遍真理。如: Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 B)一般现在时表示格言或警句。如: Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 C)一般现在时表示目前的情况或状态。如: I am a teacher. 我是教师。 Peter writes good Chinese but does not speak well. 彼得汉语写得不错，讲的可不行。 D)以here, there等开始的倒装句～表示动作正在进行。如: Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。 There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。 E)在时间状语从句或if引导的条件状语从句中应用现在时表示将来: I will give it to him as soon as I see him. 我一看见他就交给他。 He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他,他会来的。 一般现在时常与下列时间状语连用: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 二. 现在进行时(is/am/are doing) 用法: A,表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。如: They’re having a meeting. 他们在开会。 I’m studying at an evening school. 我在上夜校。 B)表示计划或安排好了的将来动作～常与一个表示将来的时间状语连用。如: Mike is coming home on Thursday. 迈克星期四回来。 They’re having a party next week. 下星期他们将开一个晚会。 C)现在进行时与always, often, forever等连用表示赞扬、厌烦等语气。如: You’re always interrupting me! 你老打断我的话!(抱怨) My father is always losing his car keys. 我爸老丢车钥匙。(不满) She’s always helping people. 她老是帮助别人。(赞扬) 现在进行时常与后面这些时间状语连用:now, at this time, these days,look,listen etc. 三、现在完成时(have done) 用法: 表示过去发生的动作对现在所造成的结果或影响(此时通常连用的时间状语有already, yet, just, ever, before)，也可表示动作从过去某时间开始，一直持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去(此时通常连用的时间状语有this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, in the past few + 时间段, since +时间点, for + 时间段)。 注意事项 (1) 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:现在完成时强调动作的结果或对现在的影响，属于现在时的范畴;一般过去时强调动作所发生的时间，属于过去时的范畴。因此，过去时需跟过去时间连用或有表过去时间的上下文连用，而现在完成时不能与过去时间连用。如: I read the book two weeks ago. 我两周前读了这本书。 I have read the book for two weeks. 这本书我读过两周了。 (2) 现在完成时与现在进行时:现在完成时强调动作持续到现在或刚结束;而现在进行时只强调目前的状态。如: They have talked for about two hours. 他们谈了大约两个小时。(强调动作的持续) They are talking. 他们在谈话。 (强调目前的状态) 现在完成时常与后面这些时间状语连用::recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc. 四、现在完成进行时(have been doing) 用法:表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将 来。 例:I have been learning English for five years.(我一直学习英语达五年了) 注意事项: 与现在完成时相比～现在完成进行时更强调动作的持续性和未完成性。 I have learnt English for five years.(我学了五年英语) 五. 一般过去时 : 用法 A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去的事情。 I did my homework yesterday. 我昨天做了我的家庭作业。 B) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的 就是过去时。 He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。) 一般过去时常与过去的时间状语连用:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 六、过去进行时 (was/were doing) 用法: A,表示过去某个时间或阶段正在进行的动作。如: Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.(10分钟前，玛丽正在听轻音乐。) B) 如果when, while这样的时间状语引导词所引导的主从句之一是一般过去时～则另一个句子常用过去进行时。如: I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.(你敲前门时我正在洗头发。) 过去进行时常与下列时间状语连用::at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 七、一般将来时(will/shall do或be going to do) 概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 一般将来时常与下列时间状语连用::tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc. 分别用法: A) 基本结构是will / shall do。 例:We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift. B) 有些动词～如:arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等～用于现在进行时～并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用～可以表示将来时。 例:My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.(我妈妈下周将来看我，并会呆到5月。) C) 表示“打算去„„～要„„”时～可用be going to do。 例:This is just what I am going to say.(这正是我想说的。) 注意事项: 在以if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless 等连词以及具有连词作用的副词(immediately, the moment, directly)等引导的状语从句，一般用现在时代替将来时。强调延续性或动态时，可用完成时。 例:I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year. (我希望到明年你回来的时候，他的身体已经好多了。) 时态练习 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.He (play) the piano well. We all (like) his music. 2.Mary (say) sorry to me yesterday, so I (be)not mat at her. 3.I (go)to the beach next week. 4.I (learn) math for 8 years, but my math (be) poor. 5.People (have) robots in the future. 6.My brother (read) a history book now. 7.When the UFO landed I (take) shower. 8.Last week, Tom (visit) his grandparents. 9.Tony (be) a boy. He (be) tall and he (have) big eyes. He (be)very popular at school. 10.My mother (cook) while My father was watching TV. 11.When I (be) 30 years old, I (get) lots of money. 12.Bob (like) skating. He (skate) for the whole morning. 13.My mother (be) medium of built and she (have) short hair. 14.What she (do) at eight o’clock yesterday. 15.Tina and I (go) shopping on Sundays. 16.My parents always (compare) my sister with me. 17.I (go) to the movies tonight. 18.There (be) more people and more cars in ten years. 19.There (be) a pen and many books on the desk. 20.I (argue) with my best friend. What should I do? 21.Tom (use) his Mobil phone in class. The teacher (take) it away. 22.I (be)to Shenzhen ten times. I (not like) to go there anymore. 23.Look, the children (play) on the playground. 24.Hurry up! The bus (come). 25.I (see) my class teacher last Sunday. 26.When he (be) a young boy, his dream (be) to be a teacher. 27. My uncle (buy) a bike for me last year. I think it (be) my best gift that I have ever (get). 28.If it (rain) tomorrow, I (stay) at home. 29.While he (play) with his brother, his father (come) in. 30.I (not want) to watch that film. I (watch) it .