认识方程教学设计与反思

认识方程教学设计与反思 《认识方程》教学设计与反思 执教:青阳晓聪中心 小学 小学生如何制作手抄报课件柳垭小学关于三违自查自纠报告小学英语获奖优质说课课件小学足球课教案全集小学语文新课程标准测试题 李伟明 一、教材 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 : 《方程的认识》是北师大版小学数学教材四年级下册第七单元“认识方程”中的第二部分内容，是学生学习代数初步知识的开始。教材运用丰富的问题情境，引导学生用语言描述具体情境中的等量关系，并用含有未知数的等式表示，在此基础上引导学生找出这些含有未知数的等式的共同特征，了解方程的含义。 《方程的认识》是在学生学会用字母表示数的基础上进行教学的。通过本课的教学，要使学生了解方程的含义，会用方程表示简单的数量关系。本课的教学在学生日后学习等式的性质、解方程及运用方程解决简单的实际问题的过程中起着承上启下的作用。它是学生学习用方程解决问题的起始课，在本单元中具有重要地位。 二、教学目标: 基于对教材内容和学生情况的分析，我将本课教学目标定为: (1)在丰富的问题情境中感受到生活中存在着大量的等量关系，体会数学与生活的密切联系; (2)结合具体的情境，理解方程的含义，会用方程表示简单情境中的等量关系; (3)通过观察、比较、分析，经历从具体生活情境中寻找等量关系并用数学语言表达，再到用含有未知数的等式表示等量关系的过程; (4)使学生获得数学是可以运用他们自己的经验去发现和再创造的积极的情感体验。 三、教学重点难点: 本节课的教学重点是理解并掌握方程的意义，能正确区分方程与等式之间的关系，能根据已有信息列方程表示具体生活情景中的等量关系，培养学生的抽象概括能力。 四、教学过程设计: (本课仍采用平时建立的“小组评优和红花奖励”的班级评价方法) ?课前谈话(出示跷跷板图) 师:同学们，看，这是什么呢,(跷跷板) 师:我们学校有吗, 生:操场上有。 师:嗯，老师发现我们的同学一下课就都往跷跷板那边跑，都很喜欢玩，是吧, 师:玩跷跷板时，要怎样的2个人才能玩起来呢, 生:两个人的体重要差不多。 师:当两个人的体重差不多时，跷跷板才能保持平衡，也才能玩得尽兴。 ?组织上课 (一)激情导入 师:同学们，大家对跷跷板都很熟悉，其实我们有一种仪器，它和跷跷板很相似，你们知道是什么吗,(出示 课件 超市陈列培训课件免费下载搭石ppt课件免费下载公安保密教育课件下载病媒生物防治课件 可下载高中数学必修四课件打包下载 :天平) 师:对，在科学课上我们已经使用过天平了，关于天平，你知道些什么, 生:可以看出哪个物体重哪个物体轻。 生:天平的左面放物体，右面放砝码。 生:天平的指针如果指向中间，说明天平平衡。 师:天平平衡说明什么, 生:说明天平两边物体的质量相等。 师:同学们了解得可真细致，能把科学课上学习的知识应用到数学课上来，这是一种宝贵的学习品质。 (二)新授 1.师:老师利用天平设计一个闯关游戏，这个闯关游戏总共四关，。闯关成功的话，你可以获得红花奖励2朵，有没有信心参加, real, in each pen business lending Qian not for by pen query, led to mortgage failure of. (Vi) not in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Bank operation, failed to identify false documents, certificates, authorizations, warrants, etc. (VII) in the credit risk management system to provide false information, is not required by the guest rating credit management objective, impartial ratings of credit, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (H) the investigation report conclusions of false record, misleading statement or material omission, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (I) the orders, directives, orders, suggest that others not involved in the investigation business, issued by the investigators. (10) without the approval of authorities, after the first credit investigation, credit first and then record, counter-current process operations such as operation prior to approval. (11) article does not meet the risk management Department, Marketing Management Department to carry out supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations or providing false information. (12) other violations result in credit business at substantial risk or significant potential risk behaviours. Sixth chapter supplementary articles article 28th of this approach by the Head Office of risk management Department is responsible for the interpretation and amendment. 29th spontaneous herein from the date of implementation. Qilu silver computer transmission of qilu Bank documents (2012), No. 289Qilu Bank personal credit on issuing the Notification Guide to business risk management branch, jurisdiction and the jurisdiction of business lines, Jinan branch, head office departments within its jurisdiction: in order to improve the quality of individual credit business, optimize the structure of assets, promotion of 师:看到同学们都信心满满，那我们进入第一关:我在天平的左边放2个5克砝码，右边放10克砝码，看看天平怎么样了, 生:左边物品和右边的物品重量相等。 生:天平(平衡)。 师:你是怎么发现的, 生:因为指针指向中间。 师:指针指向中间，也就是天平平衡，它说明什么呢, 生:天平左边和右边相等。 (板书:左边=右边) 师:若用一个数学式子来表达，该如何表示, 师:先独立思考，并把你想到的式子写在练习本上。 学生独立写算式。 师:谁来说说,(指名回答) 生:10+10=20 师:10+10表示什么,20呢,等号表示什么, 师:真棒，你说得很清楚。其他同学也一样吗,正确的同学举手告诉老师。(不错。) 师:像这样左右相等的式子，我们就称为等式。(板书等式) 2.师:请继续看第二关:我在左边放一个樱桃和一个5克的砝码，右边放一个10克砝码，请再仔细观察天平，想一想你发现什么, 生:天平平衡了。 师:天平平衡说明了什么,你能说得再具体一点吗, 生:樱桃的质量和5克砝码的质量与10克砝码相等。 生:两边的重量相等。 师:看来，他们存在着一种平衡的关系，这种平衡的关系，就使得樱桃的质量和5克砝码的与10克砝码画上了等号。 和 师:现在，你也能用一个数学等式来表示他们的关系吗,请把它写在练习本上。 生:X+5=10 师:你能说说这里的X表示什么,X+5表示天平哪边的质量，等号说明什么, 生:樱桃的质量+5=10 师:我们来看下同学们的几种表示方法，你们觉得哪种更简便,这个等式他用字母表示未知数。上节课学习的知识你们马上就能应用了，这是很重要的学习技能。 (板书:X+5=10) 3.师:看来这道题难不倒大家，继续看，第三关:从图中你发现了什么数学信息了吗, 生:4块月饼的质量是380克。 师:你从哪里看出4个月饼质量是380克, 生:从称上的指针。 师:你是想说指针对着380克是吧, 师:这里的380克是指谁的质量, 生:4个月饼。 师:你能完整的再说一说谁和谁相等吗, 生:4个月饼的质量和380克是相等的。 师:真厉害，把隐藏的等号也找出来了。 师:现在你们能像刚才一样用一个数学等式来表示吗, 生:4y=380 师:你能说说这里的y表示什么,4y表示什么,等号又表示什么, 4.师:紧张的时刻到了。我们一起进入第四关，请看大屏幕，从这幅图中你又能发现哪些数real, in each pen business lending Qian not for by pen query, led to mortgage failure of. (Vi) not in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Bank operation, failed to identify false documents, certificates, authorizations, warrants, etc. (VII) in the credit risk management system to provide false information, is not required by the guest rating credit management objective, impartial ratings of credit, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (H) the investigation report conclusions of false record, misleading statement or material omission, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (I) the orders, directives, orders, suggest that others not involved in the investigation business, issued by the investigators. (10) without the approval of authorities, after the first credit investigation, credit first and then record, counter-current process operations such as operation prior to approval. (11) article does not meet the risk management Department, Marketing Management Department to carry out supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations or providing false information. (12) other violations result in credit business at substantial risk or significant potential risk behaviours. Sixth chapter supplementary articles article 28th of this approach by the Head Office of risk management Department is responsible for the interpretation and amendment. 29th spontaneous herein from the date of implementation. Qilu silver computer transmission of qilu Bank documents (2012), No. 289Qilu Bank personal credit on issuing the Notification Guide to business risk management branch, jurisdiction and the jurisdiction of business lines, Jinan branch, head office departments within its jurisdiction: in order to improve the quality of individual credit business, optimize the structure of assets, promotion of 学信息吗, 师:别急，请同学们先观察信息，独立思考，想想可用一个什么等式表示，并写在本子上。 生:2Z+200=2000 师:你这里的2Z表示什么,2Z+200又表示什么,为什么这里要用等号, 生:一壶开水可以装满2瓶热水和一个200ML的杯子。 师:你从哪里一壶开水可以装满2瓶热水和一个200ML的杯子, 师:真棒，你懂得去发现题目中隐藏的等号，然后找出等号两边相等的量，真了不起。 师:还有不同的等式吗, 生:2Z=2000-200 5.师:这节课同学们表现真棒～不但顺利闯关成功，而且还学会了发现每个题目中隐藏的等号，找出等号两边相等的量。下课后，闯关成功的同学可以找红花使者为你们自己加上2朵红花。 师:同学们，请看看刚才我们列的4个等式。想一想:它们有什么相同点,什么不同点呢, 生:他们都含有字母，这里字母就是未知数。 师:都还有字母吗, 生:10+10=20，只有数字，不包含字母。 生:他们都是等式。 师:同学们真善于观察，在数学上，我们把像X+5=10这种含有未知数的等式叫做方程。(板书) 6.师:这就是我们今天新认识的数学朋友:方程(板书课题:认识方程)。 师:谁来说说我们的数学朋友方程，它有什么特点, 生:含有未知数。 生:是等式。 师:以前你们认识它吗, 生:不认识。 师:不认识,请看屏幕，你们认识这几个式子吗, 7+()=16 ?-8=15 5×()=30 24??=6 生:认识，在 一年级 小学一年级数学20以内加减练习题小学一年级数学20以内练习题小学一年级上册语文教学计划人教版一年级上册语文教学计划新人教版一年级上册语文教学计划 和二年级学过。 师:大家看一看，这些等式和我们今天学习的方程像吗, 生:他们都有未知数。 师:你从哪里看出有未知数, 生:()?我们不知道。 师:这里的()?就是我们学习的未知数，现在老师把他们换成字母。它们是不是方程, 生:是。 师:其实方程，我们早就认识了，只是以前不知道它的名字。 7.师:接下来，我们来比一比，谁有双火眼金睛,请看大屏幕，这些式子是不是方程,如果是的话用手势?，不是的用×表示。准备好了吗, 逐一判断并指名说理由。 师:现在我们把不是方程的式子去掉，我们再来看看这些方程和我们刚才学习的方程有什么不同的地方, 生:x+y=8这个方程有2个未知数。 师:你的眼力真好。这是二元方程，以后初中我们还会更深入地学习。 7.师:看到同学们学方程学得这么起劲。淘气也列出了2个等式想和大家交流，不小心被墨水弄脏了，大家猜猜他原来的式子是不是方程, 师:我们先来看下这2个式子都是等式吗, 师:第一个等式是方程吗, real, in each pen business lending Qian not for by pen query, led to mortgage failure of. (Vi) not in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Bank operation, failed to identify false documents, certificates, authorizations, warrants, etc. (VII) in the credit risk management system to provide false information, is not required by the guest rating credit management objective, impartial ratings of credit, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (H) the investigation report conclusions of false record, misleading statement or material omission, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (I) the orders, directives, orders, suggest that others not involved in the investigation business, issued by the investigators. (10) without the approval of authorities, after the first credit investigation, credit first and then record, counter-current process operations such as operation prior to approval. (11) article does not meet the risk management Department, Marketing Management Department to carry out supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations or providing false information. (12) other violations result in credit business at substantial risk or significant potential risk behaviours. Sixth chapter supplementary articles article 28th of this approach by the Head Office of risk management Department is responsible for the interpretation and amendment. 29th spontaneous herein from the date of implementation. Qilu silver computer transmission of qilu Bank documents (2012), No. 289Qilu Bank personal credit on issuing the Notification Guide to business risk management branch, jurisdiction and the jurisdiction of business lines, Jinan branch, head office departments within its jurisdiction: in order to improve the quality of individual credit business, optimize the structure of assets, promotion of 生:不一定。 师:怎么说呢, 生:如果它是未知数，它就是方程。如果不是未知数，那它就不是方程。 师:第二个等式一定是方程吗, 8.师:看来方程和等式有一定的联系，老师现在把所有的式子重新放在大屏幕上，并给它们标上序号。 师:请你们把等式找出来。(指名说) 生: 师:这几个不是等式，是什么呢, 生:不等式。 师:我们今天先来研究等式，为了看得清楚些，我把这些不等式去掉。(课件删除不等式) 师:这些等式里面哪些是方程,也把他们找出来(指名说方程) 师:看着这两个圈，你能试着说一说“等式和方程”的关系吗,(指名说) 生: 师:刚才同学们都说得不错，看来大家不但学得不错，概括能力也很强。 师:下面，老师要变一下小魔术，请同学们注意看哦。(把两个圈变成圆圈) 师:现在，谁来说说哪个圈是方程，哪个圈是等式呢, 生:小圈的是方程，大圈的是等式。 师:你们的想法一样吗,(一样)从这两个圈，我们可以看出方程属于等式，等式包含着方程，对吧, (三)巩固应用 师:刚才我们学习了方程，方程有什么用呢,这里的?—?题是课本89页的题目，请同学们打开课本，看图并列出方程。 师:谁来说说你是怎么列式的, 生: 师:第3幅图，如果不列方程，用我们以前学过的算式来表示，又该怎么列式呢,请把它写在本子上。 生:独立写算式(87+3,6)?4 师:老师请个同学来说，(指名)(不懂)谁会的, 师:能说说你是怎么想的吗, 生: real, in each pen business lending Qian not for by pen query, led to mortgage failure of. (Vi) not in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Bank operation, failed to identify false documents, certificates, authorizations, warrants, etc. (VII) in the credit risk management system to provide false information, is not required by the guest rating credit management objective, impartial ratings of credit, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (H) the investigation report conclusions of false record, misleading statement or material omission, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (I) the orders, directives, orders, suggest that others not involved in the investigation business, issued by the investigators. (10) without the approval of authorities, after the first credit investigation, credit first and then record, counter-current process operations such as operation prior to approval. (11) article does not meet the risk management Department, Marketing Management Department to carry out supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations or providing false information. (12) other violations result in credit business at substantial risk or significant potential risk behaviours. Sixth chapter supplementary articles article 28th of this approach by the Head Office of risk management Department is responsible for the interpretation and amendment. 29th spontaneous herein from the date of implementation. Qilu silver computer transmission of qilu Bank documents (2012), No. 289Qilu Bank personal credit on issuing the Notification Guide to business risk management branch, jurisdiction and the jurisdiction of business lines, Jinan branch, head office departments within its jurisdiction: in order to improve the quality of individual credit business, optimize the structure of assets, promotion of 师:同学们，对比这两种列式方法，你们觉得哪种列式更容易理解了呢, 生:方程比较容易理解。 师:其他同学也认为方程比较容易理解吗,(看同学的反应) 师:嗯，你们看方程的运算顺序是不是和淘气想的一样呢,(引导全班一起解说) 师:看来，解决问题时，方程有时比算术列式更容易理解。 2.师:同学们，这里有几道关于衣食住行的问题，请各小组组长到上面来挑选一个题目，挑中哪道题，全组同学一起解答。呆会儿，我们看看哪个小组表现最好。 衣:有100米布，做上衣和裙子各用了b米，还剩余15米。 食:同学们都喜欢吃麦当劳，麦当劳里有这样的。问题:2袋薯条和一个汉堡(7元)一共15元。 住:同学们参加夏令营，5个人住一个房间，95人需要X个房间。 行:一辆公共汽车到站时，车上原有X人，有5人下车，8人上车，车上还剩15人。 师:谁来说说你怎么列式,(指名说) 师:(指着方程)同学们，你们看，这几个等式也是什么呢, 生:方程。 师:没错，方程可以解决衣食住行方面的很多问题，在我们的生活中有广泛的运用。 (四)课堂总结。 师:这节课，你有什么收获,谁来说说。 《认识方程》 教学反思 平行与垂直的教学反思班会课教学反思分数的初步认识教学反思科学我从哪里来教学反思平行与垂直教学反思 《认识方程》对学生来说是一个新的内容。方程，对于四年级来说，不仅是形式上的认识，也是感受在解决实际问题过程中建立模型的过程。针对本节课我又一下反思: 1.谈话引入，激发兴趣。 通过谈话，让学生在轻松的环境下进行教学，这样可以让学生排除学生的紧张情绪，更好让教学进行。在生活中，跷跷板与天平相似，针对学生对跷跷板情有独钟，从学生喜欢的事物出发，激发学生学习探究的欲望。针对本节课重点是让学生能够自主去寻找题目中的等量关系，而天平是一个直观的反映。本节课，教材提供四个环节，层层深入，利用有效的闯关游戏情境，让学生更有投身其中的兴趣。 2.教材重组，层层递进 本节课设置“闯关游戏”结合教材中丰富的情境，从寻找天平平衡这种直观的的等号再到寻找题目中隐藏的等号，从引导学生发现题目中隐藏的等号再到完全放手让学生自主去寻找题目中隐藏的等号的升华，使得学生在学习中有所获。在引导学生用语言描述具体情境中的等量关系，可以含有未知数的等式表示更为简便，沟通与前一课的联系。在寻找四个式子之间的相同点与不同点的基础上，引导学生找出这些含有未知数的等式的共同特征，从而了解方程的含义。 3. 复习旧知，沟通联系 对于方程，作为新内容，孩子们在大脑中建构新的联系。同前面学习的5×()=20等式子中寻找方程的影子，让学生明白方程其实从一年级我们就开始接触，只是我们不知道它真实的姓名而已。沟通与旧知的联系，加深学生对于方程的印象。 4. 对比分析，辨析关系 作为本节课的一个重点，分析等式与方程之间的联系，在这部分采用的是从具体到抽象real, in each pen business lending Qian not for by pen query, led to mortgage failure of. (Vi) not in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Bank operation, failed to identify false documents, certificates, authorizations, warrants, etc. (VII) in the credit risk management system to provide false information, is not required by the guest rating credit management objective, impartial ratings of credit, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (H) the investigation report conclusions of false record, misleading statement or material omission, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (I) the orders, directives, orders, suggest that others not involved in the investigation business, issued by the investigators. (10) without the approval of authorities, after the first credit investigation, credit first and then record, counter-current process operations such as operation prior to approval. (11) article does not meet the risk management Department, Marketing Management Department to carry out supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations or providing false information. (12) other violations result in credit business at substantial risk or significant potential risk behaviours. Sixth chapter supplementary articles article 28th of this approach by the Head Office of risk management Department is responsible for the interpretation and amendment. 29th spontaneous herein from the date of implementation. Qilu silver computer transmission of qilu Bank documents (2012), No. 289Qilu Bank personal credit on issuing the Notification Guide to business risk management branch, jurisdiction and the jurisdiction of business lines, Jinan branch, head office departments within its jurisdiction: in order to improve the quality of individual credit business, optimize the structure of assets, promotion of 的过程。为了让学生更好的理解，选用刚才判断是否方程式中，寻找出等式和方程，结合课件动画，让学生尝试说一说等式与方程之间的联系，并进一步的进行总结。 5. 回归生活，体会方程 在建立方程的意义以后，设计了根据情境图写出相应的方程，并在最后引入生活实例，从中找出不同的方程。这一过程学生在生活实际中寻找等量关系列方程，进一步体会方程的意义，加深了对方程概念的理解，同时也为以后运用方程知识解决实际问题打下基础。 本队本节课的不足: 1.引导语言上需要进一步的改进。环节与环节之间的语言过渡不够自然，需要进一步的斟酌用语，让课堂更为合理与顺畅。 2.课堂评价语言不够丰富，在这一年来，有了一些进步，但是仍然表现出较为单薄，在今后的课堂教学中有所进步。 3.未能提供给学生充足的讨论交流时间，可以让学生通过交流加深对方程的认识与理解。 real, in each pen business lending Qian not for by pen query, led to mortgage failure of. (Vi) not in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Bank operation, failed to identify false documents, certificates, authorizations, warrants, etc. (VII) in the credit risk management system to provide false information, is not required by the guest rating credit management objective, impartial ratings of credit, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (H) the investigation report conclusions of false record, misleading statement or material omission, resulting in credit decision-making errors. (I) the orders, directives, orders, suggest that others not involved in the investigation business, issued by the investigators. (10) without the approval of authorities, after the first credit investigation, credit first and then record, counter-current process operations such as operation prior to approval. (11) article does not meet the risk management Department, Marketing Management Department to carry out supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations or providing false information. (12) other violations result in credit business at substantial risk or significant potential risk behaviours. Sixth chapter supplementary articles article 28th of this approach by the Head Office of risk management Department is responsible for the interpretation and amendment. 29th spontaneous herein from the date of implementation. Qilu silver computer transmission of qilu Bank documents (2012), No. 289Qilu Bank personal credit on issuing the Notification Guide to business risk management branch, jurisdiction and the jurisdiction of business lines, Jinan branch, head office departments within its jurisdiction: in order to improve the quality of individual credit business, optimize the structure of assets, promotion of