精读与泛读的异同

精读与泛读的异同 The Relationship Between Intensive Reading And Extensive Reading In the process of learning English in university, reading which can solidify and widen our language knowledge is an indispensable cognitive activity and it’s also the resourse of getting information and arousing interest. Reading comprehension is a critical part of studying, through which we can improve our reading ability based on which we can develop other various abilities, such as listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation. With the development of reading ability and the increasing of language knowledge, we know much than before. Reading consists of intensive reading and extensive reading .In term of the psychological activity,intensive reading is same with extensive reading in many aspects,but they are different in the methods and purposes of reading.If we talk from the view of teaching,extensive reading is based on intensive reading.Therefore,students should study from intensive reading. However,what is intensive reading and extensive reading? Intensive reading refers to analyse a passage word by word,master the new words,phrases and grammer and understand the content and details through all kinds igest of reference books. The final aim of intensive reading is to make the readers dthe content completely and accurately by the carefully analysis. Intensive reading not only studys the language and the use of words,but also researches the material roundly .What’s more ,it also needs to chew well , use our brain frequently and take notes earnestly.In the beginning of 1960s, the Chinese famous mathmatician,professor Su Buqing,wrote an article about the studying method of him.In this article, he pointed out that his achievements were benefit from the mathematic monograph written by a Franch mathmatician.In order to understand the monograph,he had been learning Franch from letters for three years. In addition,another Chinese mathmatician called Yang Guanghou said,"I have ever read a math brochure for half a year and repeated to read it.There are obvious black lines on the white paper.It is very useful and helpful to our job.It’s not reading but eating." What he has said illustrates the importance of the intensive reading. Extensive reading is another reading method,whose principal purpose is to widen vocabulary,enrich the cultural background and improve the reading ability,especially to grasp the point and understand the main idea through lots of reading.It is unnessary to consider every word and its point is to read abundantly and widely. Extensive reading is very important to college students and it is dabbled in every walk of life, because of which students can expand their knowledge widely. As Lu Xun said,"if only see a person's work, the result is not good, you won't get many advantages.You must work as a bees.Only by sipping many flowers ,can it produce honey.However,if it just lands on one place,less will it get,boring." Whereas, we also need to use the dialectical thinking to consider. Extensive reading on one hand is good for us, on the other hand also has its negative effects.Maybe we use an extensive way to read,which is too wide to get something useful. Extensive reading is to read widely and get narrowly like the horizontal axis of the right Angle coordinate system,while intensive reading is to read carefully and get deeply like the longitudinal axis of the coordinate system. A person’s English level or comprehensive knowledge depends on the two parameters of the coordinates . Hence,students should think the two methods of reading equally significant,from which students can improve the English level and comprehensive knowledge. Something used for intensive reading materials, such as the selected text and suitable for your taste of classics,shouldn’t be read extensively but read carefully and make it your own language.However,other reading materials that can only be used for extensive reading,should be tasted or swallowed. The more and faster you read, the better the effect is also. If you run into a new word while you are reading,as long as it does not affect the overall understanding,you might as well skip it.If it is repeated many times and influence the understanding,you might as well turn to the dictionary and wouldn't even have to try to remember. It is simple: if it is often used, high frequency, you would remember naturaly ; If not commonly used, it also will be forgotten soon.The main purpose of extensive reading is to accelerate the reading speed , improve reading ability and expand the range of knowledge. Intensive reading and reading are two different reading approaches. Although each has its particular purpose, they always supplement each other, complement each other.Intensive reading ensures the reading "quality",which is the basis of extensive reading.But it cannot ensure the reading "quantity",which can be perfected by extensive reading. Extensive reading is supplement of intensive reading and ensure the reading quantity, through the accumulation of "quantity" so as to promote the improvement of the "quality".By learning how to do intensive reading and extensive reading and combine them effectively, we are able to understand the main idea quickly in a short time and get more effective and helpful information. The prefix "in-" in the word "intensive" means " inside ",which illustrates that we should go into the article while we are reading.Not only does it requires thinking meticulously,but also considering every word,every phrase and every sentence,sometimes even a punctuation . For example: (1) The old man has a son who is a teacher. (2) The old man has a son, who is a teacher. The only difference between the two sentences is the comma.There is no comma in sentence (1) ,which means that "who is a teacher" in sentence (1) is a restrictive attributive clause whose function is to modify and limit the antecedent.On the contrary,there is a comma in sentence (2),which means that "who is a teacher" in sentence (2) is a non-restrictive attributive clause whose function is to explain and illustrate the antecedent. Thus, we can conclude that the old man just has one son in sentence (2). Similarly, extensive reading emphasize the word " extensive " which means " rough. " The prefix "ex" in the word " extensive " means "outside ".That’s to say, we shouldn’t chop logic,but to understand the article in some sense.It is enough to grasp the general idea,which is our purpose for extensive reading. The article for extensive reading, can be taken skimming or browsing一reading a meterial quickly and getting the main idea.It is also accepted to use scanning一omitting the irrelevant meterial and finding out the principal information. Finally, let’s talk something about the difference between intensive reading and extensive reading. " One scientist has made more than fourteen thousand experiments testing the ability of fish to recognize different colours.A small bottle with coloured sign round it was lowered among the fish.When the fish swan near it,the food was given.Then other colours were wrapped round the bottle.If a fish came near these,a gentle electric shock was given as a punishment by touching the fish’s back with an electric wire.After between five to ten times,most of the fish could tell the difference between red,yellow and green." If you are intended to read this paragrah intensively,you’d better understand the meaning of every word and it’s function in every sentence. For instance,the first sentence " testing the ability of fish to recognize different colours." is a present participle phrase,as accompany adverbial.However,if you want to read it intensively, to get the main idea is enough. Extensive reading is we are sitting in a helicopter to overlook a city for a general planning and a general view,but intensive reading is we personally go into the city, observe carefully and appreciate every street and every building,so to speak. Of course, intensive reading and extensive reading is not opposing, they linking each other. If we only pay attention to some details, we won't master the main poit, nor do we really understand it. Also, if we don’t have solid foundation of basic skills, we will not grasp the whole article quickly and realize reading extensively. 英本一班 王腾 26