高考英语热点福建新题型“短文填词”解题思路658610382

高考英语热点福建新题型“短文填词”解题思路658610382 - 1 - 高考英语热点:福建“短文填词”解题思路 一、题型说明 1. 形式:替换试卷中原短文改错题，重点考查单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力;在考查词汇的同时也考查学生读与写的能力。考生必须在理解短文内容的基础上，把握短文主旨大意，运用所学语言知识填空，使短文语篇完整。 2. 选材:符合学生的书面表达水平，短文词数在130左右，共设10小题，第一行不设题，其余每行挖空一处设一题;考查以实词为主，兼顾其他词性。 3. 提示方式:有首字母提示、汉语提示、语境提示，其中首字母提示、汉语提示各3~4个，语境提示2~3个。每个空格根据提示用一个单词的适当形式填空。 4. 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 的唯一性。如果出现与标准答案不同,但符合题目要求的答案也可以接受，具体由阅卷点裁定。每个空格只能填入一个答案，超过一个的，该小题以零分计。 短文填词共10小题，每小题1分， 满分10分 二、短文填词题八大 考点 西游记考点整理二建建筑实务必背考点药理学考点整理部分幼儿综合素质考点归纳小学教育教学知识能力 1、名词:可数、不可数，可数名词的单复数形式; 特别容易忽略名词的单复数，知道了名词的单复数，有时特别容易拼错，尤其是一些可数名词单复数的特殊变化，以及动名词之间的转换; 如:leaf—leave; medium—media; advise—advice, practise—practice; succeed—success; 2、动词:时态、语态、非谓语及动词形式的不规则变化; broadcast(broadcast, broadcast)广播 equip(equipped, equipping)装备 注意:quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(美国英语) - 2 - 3、形容词、副词:形容词与副词的区别(也可能考比较级及最高级); Simple—simply, fish—fisherman, possible—possibly 可能的, practical—practically 实际的 4、数词:主要考序数词。容易拼错的序数词，如: 1. twenty—twentieth, 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二 5、常见短语的掌握 Call on号召，拜访(后接sb)/call in召集/ call at拜访某地; in good health; focus on关注/ concentrate on 集中注意力 6、常见从句的掌握，定语从句与宾语从句的区别 7、同义词的辨析 Cloth布料/clothes衣服/clothing衣服总称, celebrate庆祝/ congratulate祝贺, hungry饿/starve饥饿, disturb打搅/bother打扰 8、形近易混词的区分 quality质量/ quantity数量, similar相似的/familiar熟悉的, adapt适应,改编/ adopt收养，采纳 三、普遍存在的二大问题 首先:单词拼写问题，很多可能知道要填的单词，但拼写往往出错; 其次:如何确定所填词的词性，有些空确实特别需要注意的是细节的把握:如名词的单复数，动词形式的变化以及词性之间的变换。 四、短文填词题三大解题策略 关键找搭配信息 第一、对于首字母提示和语境提示的空格:如何判断其意义及词性，关键看搭配，重点找已知信息。搭配包括:主谓搭配，动宾搭配，前置定语(形容词、 - 3 - 动词分词)+名词或名词+后置定语(形容词，动词分词，介宾短语或者定语从句)，谓语+状语(副词)，副词修饰形容词等等。空格前后的已知信息词决定着空格词的词性; 第二、汉语提示题相对简单:大部分我们可以根据汉语提示直接写出答案。但需特别注意的是有时题中给出我们的意思能够理解，但词性的选择和单词的选择还是需要根据具体的搭配信息确定。而且中文往往是模糊的，与之相近的意思的单词或许不止一个词。这时更需要我们根据文中已知信息来确定。 For example: 1. They got lost in the desert and _________(挨饿)to death. 解析:并列连词and 连接二谓语动词，前后一致，前面是动词got,则后面也应是动词的过去时,故只能填starved, 而不会是形容词hungry. 2. Please give my ______(祝贺)when you see her. 3. They’re going to ___(庆祝)their victory with music and dancing. 解析:庆祝和祝贺在中文看来是近似的，但在英文中的区别明显。Celebrate庆祝，后面接的宾语往往是胜利或是节日。而祝贺的宾语则是对个人成功等的祝贺。本题空格在动词give的后面，故应填congratulation. 而68题则应是celebrate. 4. The book gives a short _____(描述)of the city. 解析:很明显该处应填名词description. 注意:describe和description的词性转化。 第三、单词的正确拼写 1. 名词:名词的单复数的确定主要根据:(1). 并列连词 and, but以及or前后的名词或代词的单复数，前后往往是一致的;(2). 根据主谓一致的原则，关键看谓语动词或系动词的数。 - 4 - 1. On the morning of April 29, 2008, from 10:00 to 11:00, hundreds of millions of students from primary, middle schools and universities all over China joined in a national student sports program. 2. We aim at quality rather than quantity. 3. Eric came running into the room, out of breath. 4. Nowadays most people use paper handkerchiefs(手帕). (Spring has come, and the trees are thick with green leaves(叶子). 5 2. 动词:一定要注意动词的时态，语态及非谓语形式，这又和考查学生对动词ing 及ed形式的变换的掌握能力息息相关。 1. The patient kept coughing all night. 2. Do you think swimming(游泳)is allowed in the canal . 3. I recognized Mike the moment I saw him . 4. Winning(赢得)the support of the majority requires time, energy and devotion. 5. They finished measuring(测量)that piece of land last week. 6. The boy spoke in a very low voice admitting(承认)he had broken the glass. 3. 形容词:特别注意名词转化形容: Asia— Asian, Australia—Australian, Europe—European(地名等专有名词第一字母必须大写)。 1. Rice is grown in China, Japan and other Asian countries. 2. The story is written by an Australian(澳大利亚)engineer. 3. This plant is found in the southern(南部)parts of the country 4. She looks familiar to me, but I don't remember her names. 5. My train was 20 minutes late in the morning and there was a similar(相似的)delay in the evening. - 5 - 4. 副词:副词主要修饰形容词，和动词。 1. Don’t be frightened by the television camera. Just speak naturally(自然地). 2. Generally speaking, parents care more about their children's health than about their own. 3. The telephone rang and he answered it immediately. (Attention please ,the game will begin immediately(立刻). 4 5(There are only five minutes left. We’ll have to walk quickly to get there on time. 5. 数词和月份，星期 数词:主要考序数词。 1. The twelfth(第十二)man in a football team will play if one of the other players is ill. 2. Their office is on the ninth(第九)floor. 3. I’ll go and see you next Saturday(星期六). 4. January(一月)is the first month of the year. 容易拼写错的数字。 如: eighth第八 ninth第九 forty四十 twelfth第十二 twentieth第二十 一个星期七天: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 一年十二个月: January February March April May June July August September October November December 6. 短语: 1. Could you help Li and tell him how to get rid of this bad habit and return to normal life again, - 6 - 2. He was proud of the Olympic Gold Medal he won for his country. 3. Not paying attention to the road can be dangerous, even deadly. 4. It is important for drivers to focus(关注)on what is going on around them. 7. 主从复合句: 从样题分析来看，此题一般在1—2题左右。一般以考查从句的连接词为主，而 宾语从句，定语从句以及时间状语从句的连接词出现频率较高。 1. I think it/it’s a good idea for us Senior ? students to have daily sports. 2. We spend an hour a day on exercise, which is well worth doing. 3. His wife is worried and afraid that drinking will destroy their happy life as well as Li Hua himself. 练习参考答案 (1)1. from 2. age 3. create 4. than 5. actor 6 . respect 7. heard 8. opinion 9. mistake 10. already (2)1. happened 2. deaf 3. down 4. invite 5. dance 6. scientist 7. effects 8. with 9. throwing 10. if/whether (3)1. words 2. can 3. education 4. devote 5. subjects 6. under 7. together 8. treat 9. understand 10. wonder. (4)1. catching 2. But 3. Instead 4. rubbish 5. never 6. spent 7. empty 8. waster 9. in 10. sitting - 7 - (1)附: 福建09高考 Last week, we talked about different kinds of short stories. Many of you said you liked the _______(美国的) writer Earnest 76. _________ Hemingway, who is w known for short stories. I hope you 77. ___________ all f my advice and finished reading his story. We’re going 78. ___________ to study it together in today’s lesson. Now since you 79. ___________ supposed to have read this story, let’s have some (讨论). 80. ___________ Please look at the three q______ on the blackboard. First, when 81.__________ and where does the story __ place? Second, what kind of 82. ___________ person does he show __ (自己) to be? Third, what is the 83. ___________ writer’s main purpose of __ (写) the story? I’d like you to 84. ___________ work ______ pairs and present your answers in ten minutes. I hope 85. ___________ you can perform well enough. - 8 - (2) I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my ____(旅馆), so I asked a porter. 1. _______ I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as ______. 2. _______ The porter, however, could not understand me. I _____(重复)my question 3. _______ several t_____ and at last he understood. he answered me, but he spoke 4. _______ neither slowly ____ clearly. 'I am a foreigner,' I said. Then he spoke slowly, 5. _______ but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English ____(像)that! 6. _______ The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said s________ 7. _______ and I understood it. 'You'll soon learn English!' he said. I _____(想知道). 8. _______ In England, each person speaks a d_____ language. The English understand 9. ______ each other, ______ I don't understand them! Do they speak English? 10. ______ (3) - 9 - I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures. Many people ____(假装)that they understand modern art. They always 1. _______ tell you what a picture is 'about'. Of c____, many pictures are not 'about' anything .2. _______ They are just pretty patterns. We like them in the s______ way 3. _______ that we like pretty curtain ______(材料). I think that young children 4. _______ often appreciate modern pictures _______ than anyone else. 5. _______ They notice more. My sister is o____ seven, but she always tells me 6. _______ ______ my pictures are good or not. She came into my room yesterday. 7. ______ 'What are you doing?' she asked. 'I'm _____(挂)this picture on the wall,' I answered. 'It's a new one. Do you like it?' 8. ______ She looked at it critically for a moment. 'It's all right,' she said, 'but isn't it upside ____?'9. __ I looked at it again. She was r______! It was! 10. ___ (4) - 10 - Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As _____ as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. 1. _______ They were all hungry and the food s_____ good. After a wonderful meal, 2. _______ they told s_____ and sang songs by the campfire. But some time later 3. _______ it began to rain. The boys felt so tired ___ they put out the fire and crept into their tent 4. ____ Their sleeping bags were ____(暖和)and comfortable, so they all slept soundly. 5. _______ In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began______(喊). 6. _______ The tent was ______ of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping bags 7. _______ and hurried outside. It was raining h____ and they found that 8. _______ a stream had formed in the _____(田野). The stream wound its way across the field 9. _____ and then flowed right u______ their tent! 10. ______ (5) - 11 - The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. It was warm last _____(星期四), 1. _______ so I went and sat on the river bank as u_____. Some children were playing games 2. _______ on the bank and______ were some people rowing on the river. 3. _______ Suddenly, one of the children______(踢)a ball very hard and 4. _______ it went towards a ______(路过的)boat. Some people on the bank 5. _______ called out to the man in the boat, but he did not h_____ them. 6. _______ The ball struck him_______ hard that he nearly fell into the water. 7. _______ I turned to look at the children, but there weren't any in s______: 8. _______ they had all r____ away! The man laughed when he realized what had happened. 9. _______ He called out to the children and threw the ball _____ to the bank. 10. _______ - 12 - 1) ( Fang Tong is 34 years old, an actor, director and teacher of Beijing Opera Theatre. Most of his students are _____other parts of 1. ______ China and have come to Beijing at the very young ____ of sixteen 2. ______ or seventeen. He hopes to _____(创造)an environment for his students 3. ______ that is much more relaxing _____ the one he used to 4. ______ study in. He thinks that an _____(演员)should relax himself when 5. ______ performing. Yet his students deeply ______(尊重)him and he 6. ______ never needs to raise his voice in order to be h______. 7. ______ In his o_____, actors should go on even when they 8. ______ - 13 - feel they have made a m_______ in their performances 9. ______ because the moment is a______ gone and people can never 10. _____ be back to it. . . So art is always changing and developing. 2) ( I was recently told that listening to loud music is gradually making people hard of hearing. I'm sure it has already h_____ 1. ______ to my neighbor. For years she has turned a ______(聋)ear to 2. ______ my requests to turn her radio_______. When she gives 3. ______ a party she won't have to i_____ the rest of the street. 4. ______ Everyone can d______ to her music in his own room. 5. ______ Now a _____(科学家)has discovered a certain electronic sounds 6. ______ have strange e______ on rats. He declares they break down, 7. ______ almost paralyzed(瘫痪)w_____ their legs trembling. 8. - 14 - ______ Then it is simply a matter of _____(扔)them out by 9. ______ their tails. I wonder _____the same thing will fall on 10. _____ my neighbor someday. (3) Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters---in other_____, I am an only child. My parents 1. _____ love me dearly of course and will do all they ____ to make sure 2. _____ that I get a good______(教育). They do not want me to do 3. _____ any work at home; they want me to d_____ all my time to 4. _____ my studies so that I'll get good marks in all my ______(科目). We 5. _____ may be one family and live______ the same roof, but we do 6. _____ not seem to get much time to talk_____(一起). It looks 7. _____ as if my parents t______ me as a visitor or a guest. 8. _____ - 15 - Do they really u________ their own daughter 9. _____ What things are in other families, I w_______. 10. _____ (4) Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without c_______ anything. 1. _______ B____ this does not worry me. Some fishermen 2 . _______ are unlucky. I_______ of catching fish, they catch 3. _______ old boots and___(垃圾). I am even less lucky. 4. _______ I ______catch anything -- not even old boots. 5. _______ After having s______ whole mornings on the river, 6. _______ I always go home with an ___(空的)bag. 'You must give up fishing!' 7. _______ my friends say. 'It's a w______ of time. ' But they don't realize 8. _______ one important thing. I'm not really interested ______fishing. 9. - 16 - _______ I just enjoy ___(坐)in a boat and doing nothing at all! 10. _______ (5) (6) (9) (10) Roy Trenton used to drive a taxi. A short while ago, however, he became a bus driver and he has not_______(后悔)it. He is finding his new work far more exciting. 1. _______ When he was driving along Catford Street _______(最近), 2. _______ he saw two _______ rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. 3. _______ One of them was carrying a b_______ full of money. 4. _______ Roy acted quickly and drove the bus _______(直接地)at the them. 5. _______ The one with the money got _______ a fright that he dropped the bag. 6. _______ - 17 - As they were trying to get away_______ their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. 7. _ The battered car was about to move away w_____Roy stopped his bus 8. _______ and telephoned the police. Their car was badly damaged and easy to _______(认出). 9. ____ Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and b_______ men were arrested. 10. _______ (11) The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. Sam Benton, the _______(当地的)butcher, had lost his wallet 1. _______ while t_______ his savings to the post office. Sam was sure 2. _______ that the wallet must have been found by one of the v_______, 3. _______ but it was not returned to him. Three months p_______, and then one morning, 4. _______ Sam found his wallet outside his front door. It had been _______(包裹) up in newspaper 5. _ and it contained half the money he had lost, together with only an note _______ said: 6. ___ 'A thief, yes, but only 50 per cent a thief!' Two months l_______, 7. - 18 - _______ some more money was sent to Sam with a_______ note: 8. _______ 'Only 25 per cent a thief now!' In time, all Sam's money was paid back ____ this way9. ____ ow!' 10. The last note said: 'I am 100 per cent _______(诚实)n _______ (12) My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. ______ of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods 1. _____ which were forbidden. The list i______ most of the things Hugh loves: 2. ______ butter, ______(马铃薯), rice, beer, milk, chocolate; and sweets. 3. ______ Yesterday I paid him a ______. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see 4. ______ that Hugh was still ______ fat as ever. He led me into his room 5. ______ and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was ______(明显的) 6. ______ that he was very embarrassed. - 19 - W______ I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily 7. and then put the parcel on the desk. He e______ that his diet was so strict 8. ______ that he had to reward ______ occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. 9. It ______(包含)five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets! 10. ______ 13) ( The memory of our schoolhood is so sweet. It is five years now since I g_______ from No. 3 High 1. ______________ School. Last Saturday, the class that I was in _____(举行) 2. ______________ a get-together, which______(花费)us a long time to prepare. It 3. ______________ was indeed not easy to get in _______ with everybody and 4. ______________ set a good time ______ all of us. We all enjoyed this 5. ______________ precious day greatly, ________(回想起)the time we spent 6. ______________ together and the people we were f_________ with. It was 7. ______________ - 20 - a pity _______ some of us were not present as they had gone 8. ______________ a_______ for further studies, but they called back or 9. ______________ sent greeting________(卡片)from different places. 10. _____________ I hope all of our classmates can really get together next time. 14) ( Dear John, How’s everything? We haven’t seen each other for long s_____ we last met. I am very excited to have got an e-mail from 1. ________ you. I'm glad you have made such great______(进步) 2. ________ that you can write your e-mail in good C_______. I read 3. ________ your e-mail to my parents and _____(给…看)them the photo you 4. ________ sent to me. How time_____! Our friendship has lasted 5. ________ for several months. We have got to know a_____ learned a 6. ________ lot ______ each other. Yes, it is clear that your life in 7. ________ your country is quite______(不同的)from mine. Thanks again 8. ________ for writing to me. I'm looking forward to h_______ from you 9. ________ soon and hope that you will come to China in the near____(将来). 10. ________ (15) Many children hope to grow up quickly and do what the adults - 21 - do. But g______ up is not easy. Sometimes all that is 1. ______ needed is someone to rely ____. For many years, it was Mum 2. ______ My mother was a career woman and had her____(自己的) 3. ______ problems to take care of, _____when I needed her, she 4. _____ was always there. Her____(力量)came frond somewhere 5. ______ I don't quite know, somewhere very deep. She was so strong that she would never b____ down, even if I 6. ______ went to her with all my little-boy problems and____(喊) 7. _____ at her. Her strength m____ me stronger and gave me 8. ______ ____(勇气)to try things others thought were impossible. A 9. ____ helping hand is always strong e_______ to lift you up. 10. _____ (16) I had an _____(有趣的)dream last night. I dreamed 1. _______ that I took _____ in a race. At first, I could not run very 2. ________ fast and fell b_____. But I didn’t lose heart and kept 3. _________ running. All the students on the ___(操场上)cheer me on, 4. _______ “Come on!” I was so encouraged ___ I ran faster and faster 5. _______ till I caught up ___ all the other runners. I felt as if flying like 6. ______ a superman. ___ the end, I got to the finishing line first. 7. _________ I won the race. I felt very p___ of myself. Many of my 8. _______ _____(同学们)threw me up into the air. Just at that time 9. ________ I w___ up and found myself still in bed! 10. ________ (17) - 22 - Last weekend we went mountain climbing. Even the Heavy rain in the morning could not ____( 阻止)us going. Setting 1. ______ Off vey early, we went a______ an extremely narrow road, all 2. _______ In high spirits. On each ___ of the road were green fields 3. _______ and some farm houses. We could h_____ the sound of the 4. ________ rain and our footsteps ____(混合)with our laughter. At noon 5. ________ we ____(到达)the top of the mountain. What surprised us 6. ________ most there was the beauty of the scenes. _____ having a short 7. ________ rest there and ___(分享)food we brought, we 8. ________ started going down. It rained even h___. We were 9. ________ wet to the skin, ___ we still sang and laughed happily. 10. _______ (18) There are many things happening in our family which worth recalling. W____ our six children were young, suppertime was always 1. _______ being interrupted by neighborhood children r_____ the bell. 2. _______ They wanted one child or another to come out and ___(玩). 3. _______ Finally we had_____ good idea. We hung a sign on the front 4. _______ door that _____(写着), “we’re having dinner. Come back 5. _______ - 23 - later. ” That night, we sat down to what we _____(认为)would 6. _______ be a pleasant, uninterrupted meal. ____ as soon as we 7. _______ began dinner, the doorbell rang. At the front door___(站着)a 8. _______ five-year-old boy from across the street. He looked ____ 9. _______ at us and said, “I just want to know w___ the sign says. ” 10. _______ 参考答案 1)1. from 2. age 3. create 4. than 5. actor 6 . respect 7. heard ( 8. opinion 9. mistake 10. already (2)1. happened 2. deaf 3. down 4. invite 5. dance 6. scientist 7. effects 8. with 9. throwing 10. if/whether (3)1. words 2. can 3. education 4. devote 5. subjects 6. under 7. together 8. treat 9. understand 10. wonder. (4)1. catching 2. But 3. Instead 4. rubbish 5. never 6. spent 7. empty 8. waster 9. in 10. sitting - 24 - (5)1. hotel 2. well 3. repeated 4. times 5. nor 6. like 7. something 8. wonder 9. different 10. but (6)1. pretended 2. course 3. same 4. material 5. better 6. only 7. wheather 8. hanging 9. down 10. right (7)1. soon 2. smelt 3. stories 4. that 5. warm 6. shouting 7. full 8. heavily 9. field 10. under (8)1. Thursday 2. usual 3. there 4. kicked 5. passing 6. hear 7. so 8. sight 9. run 10. back (9)1. from 2. caught 3. swam 4. spending 5. distance 6. ahead 7. because 8. struggled 9. all 10. herself 10)1. regretted 2. recently 3. thieves 4. bag 5. straight 6. such 7. ( in 8. when 9. recognize 10. both (11)1. local 2. taking 3. villagers 4. passed 5. wrapped 6. that 7. later 8. another 9. in 10. honest (12)1. First 2. included 3. potatoes 4. visit 5. as 6. obvious 7. When 8. explained 9. himself 10. contained (13)1. graduated 2. held 3. took 4. touch 5. for 6. remembering 7. familiar 8. that 9. abroad 10. cards (14)1. since 2. progress 3. Chinese 4. showed 5. flies 6. and 7. - 25 - from 8. different 9. hearing 10. future (15)1. growing 2. on 3. own 4. but 5. strength 6. break 7. shouted 8. made 9. courage 10. enough (16)1. interesting 2. part 3. behind 4. playground 5. that 6. with 7. In 8. proud 9. classmates 10. woke (17)1. prevent 2. along 3. side 4. hear 5. mixed 6. reached 7. After 8. sharing 9. harder 10. but (18)1. When 2. ringing 3. play 4. a 5. said 6. thought 7. But 8. stood 9. up 10. what