48个英语音标(国际音标)
元 音
单元音
前元音
[i:]
[i]
[e]
[?]
中元音
[?]
[?:]
[?]
后元音
[u:]
[u]
[?:]
[?]
[a:]
双元音
开合双元音
[ei]
[ai]
[?i]
[?u]
[au]
集中双元音
[i?]
[ε?]
[u?]
辅 音
爆破音
清辅音
[p]
[t]
[k]
浊辅音
[b]
[d]
[g]
摩擦音
清辅音
[f]
[s]
[?]
[θ]
[h]
浊辅音
[v]
[z]
[?]
[e]
破擦音
清辅音
[t?]
[tr]
[ts]
浊辅音
[d?]
[dr]
[dz]
鼻音
(浊辅音)
[m]
[n]
[?]
舌侧音
(浊辅音)
[l]
[r]
半元音
(浊辅音)
[w]
[j]
国际音标发音表
英语国际音标共48个,其中20个元音,20个辅音,3个鼻音,2个半元音,3个似拼音
巧记48个国际音标
单元音共十二,四二六前中后。
双元音也好背,合口集中八个整。
辅音共计二十八,八对一清又七浊,
四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音,
有声无气浊辅音,发音特点应掌握。
关于语音的几个概念:
音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.
音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位
元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.
辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.
开音节:
1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e
如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine
2)辅音+元音
如:he hi go no do be tree three hello
闭音节:
1)辅音+元音+辅音
如:sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head
2)元音+辅音
如: it is in on up out ant
A chicken is in the kitchen. A horse is in the house. A mouse is in the cat’s mouth. A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea.
1、元音
1) [i:] 字母组合: ee ea e ie
three tree green sheep meet beef see seek
eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean
piece receive ceiling
2) [i]发音字母 i y e
sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss
many twenty happy dictionary
defect decide delicious
3) [?] 发音字母 a
bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag man
4) [e] 字母组合 ea、e、a
head bread pleasure
elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes
many any
5) [ε:]/[?:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or
girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird
turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger
learn earn earth heard
term her nerd serve
work worm work world
6) [ε]/[?] 字母组合 er or ou e ar o a u
teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder
doctor actor mayor author tractor
delicious
men listen
familiar collar dollar
together tomorrow today lesson Washington control
around account ago elephant banana Canada Japan China
upon
7) [a:] 字母组合 ar a
car farm card arm garden
fast class last glass plant aunt (英音发[a:],美音发[?])
8) [?] 发音字母 u oo o ou
up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus
blood flood
come mother dose brother love above
trouble rough flourish(英音发[?],美音发[ε])
9) [?:]字母组合 al au or our ar
small wall talk tall call walk
author caught autumn
short more horse for forty sport door floor store
four court bought
warm quarrel quarter
10) [?] 发音字母 o a
hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss not
want wash watch
11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u
food moon room goose tooth
shoe do two
true truth blue full
12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u o
look good foot book wood
should could
put full pull push
woman wolf
13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey
name cake late gate plane April
play say may way
great break
rain paint plain
they grey
14) [ai] 发音字母 i y
bike fine find nine light night high
my try fly eye
15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow
house out ground account count sound loud around mouse
flower down now cow how town
16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa
home cold go no phone host ghost
know low below grow blow show flow
boat coat goal
17) [?i] 字母组合oy oi
boy toy joy
soil voice choice
18) [iε] 字母组合 eer ear
beer deer
ear near idea
here fierce
19) [ε?]字母组合 ear air ere
pear bear
chair air fair
there where
care
20) [uε] 字母组合our
tour
2、辅音
1) [p] pen pear pig push play pour pull
2) [b] ben bear big bush book boot bike bread break
3) [t] town two ten ton twenty city
4) [d] down door dull desk dose do dog dictionary
5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)
card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)
fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)
school schema (字母组合ch)
6) [g] girl good goal goat grade language
7) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife
cough laugh rough
physic photo phone
8) [v] very evening even every voice vest
of
9) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)
license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)
piece juice science space (字母组合ce)
10) [z] zoo zebra zero zap (发音字母z)
close nose hose suppose pause those whose (字母组合se)
11) [θ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth
12) [e] that this those these though
13) [?] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash (字母组合sh)
nation attention station (发音字母t)
social special (发音字母c)
sure (发音字母s)
14) [?] pleasure
15) [t?] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach
16) [d?] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge
joy enjoy join July June junk
17) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk
18) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink
19) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts
20) [dz] goods woods moods hoods
21) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black
world cold goal soul
22) [r] read red right run room write
23)[w] when what where window wind wood
24) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow
25) [m] man make moon morning move come comb
26) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean
27) [?] uncle bank English think thank junk
sing king morning evening
28) [h] hot hop home house horse how who
三、字母,组合音节发音规律
1)a
[ei] late private grade bake grape nation station page
[?] active hand bank fan parent family glad flag
[?] accept about above formative machine cinema
[a:] fast last glass class past father
[?] wash what watch want
2)e
[i:] appreciate extremely secret she me he
[e] letter left message generate pebble
[i] decide pretty previous result restore
[?] problem prosperous student confident
不发音 active table late wife store lecture
3)I
[ai] high price library ice wife size line
[i] fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit
4)o
[?u] lode host cold note okay old home
[u:] lose do who whose prove
[?] love some other mother honey company
[?] today tomorrow together control collect
[?] lost hot mock office soft honest
5)u
[ju] university refuse unique universe huge
[u] put push pull full bull
[?] but brush bucket duck bubble
[?] support suggest
6)c
[k] country camp camera courage cable
[s] city ceiling celebrate cell cease
7)g
[g] girl grade glass glade bag flag
[d?] village vegetable bridge gentleman gym
[?] long song sing morning evening
8) l [l] 读音不同
listen learn language collect English gorilla
world cold soil tall sell cool animal
9) n
[n] moon night noodle number
[?] uncle hungry angry young
10) r
[r] right read write grade progress
[r] (美语发音) card board door floor form north
11)y
[j] yellow year yell young yolk
[i] university country pretty happy
[ai]dyke dying fly buy by my
12)ar
[a:] farm card garden mark
[?] dollar [?:] warm quarrel quarter
13) ea
[i:]cease season breathe feature meat please
[e] bread breast breath meadow weather
[ei]great break [i?]idea realize
14) ear
[?:] learn earth earn heard
[i?] hear near clear ear fear
15) er
[?:] deserve serve her person
[?] teacher driver anger singer
[i?] serious experience mysterious fierce
16) ere
[i?] here mere fere sere
[ε?] there
17) ir
[?:] shirt girl skirt
[ai] admire desire
18) oo
[u:] room tool cool moon noon goof food
[u] good foot stood wood wool cook wood book
[?] blood flood [?:] door floor
19) or
[?:] short form corn born for
[?:] work world worm word worst
[?] tractor doctor actor sector senior senator
20) oor
[?:] door floor [u?] moor poor boor
21) our
[au?] hour tour flour bourn lour
[?:] pour court four mourn
22) ou
[au] house mouth mouse sound ound
[?] enough trouble touch
[?] delicious gracious prosperous
23) ow
[?u] window meadow know show low
[au] now town how down cow
24) se
[z] nose suppose gose lose pose rose
[s] mouse house
25) th
[θ] thank think thought cloth
[e] clothes that this then than
26) sion
[??n] propulsion tension progression passion
[??n] protrusion provision conclusion television
27) tion
[??n] station nation translation attention
[t??n] (不常见) question
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