英语四级—非谓语动词题考点总结

英语四级—非谓语动词 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 考点 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 非谓语动词题考点总结 一、 非谓语动词 近几年的语法测试中非谓语动词约占31.1%，平均每年近5道题，可谓是语法项目考查的重点，那么非谓语动词的考查都有哪些特点，解答时又应注意些什么呢,下面我和大家就一起来分析一下: 1、非谓语动词考查特点 1) 谓语动词与非谓语动词的判断 对谓语动词与非谓语动词区别的考查主要集中在独立主格结构，如: All things ___ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.(1999.1) A. had been canceled B. have been canceled C. were canceled D. having been canceled 四个选项中有三个是谓语动词，只有D是非谓语动词，只要同学们能判断出这里是非谓语动词做状语，则不用考虑时态的问题，答案自明。 2) 谓语动词后不定式与动名词的选择 谓语动词后接不定式还是接动名词也是四级语法测试中的一个题眼。如: ? I don't mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late. (2000.1) A. you to delay making B. your delaying making C. your delaying to make D. you delay to make ? Had I remembered ____ the windows, the thief would not have got in.(1996.1) A. to close B. closing C. to have closed D. having closed ? Your hair wants ______ . You'd better have it done tomorrow.(1997.6) 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. being cut 这类题涉及三个方面: 谓语动词后应该接不定式还是动名词, 即可接不定式又可接动名词时，结构和意思上有何差别, 不定式与动名词用主动形式还是用被动形式, 3) 做定语的非谓语动词的选择 从近几年的考查情况来看，对做定语的非谓语动词的考查有两种情况: (1)对一般概念的考查，而不是固定结构中的非谓语动词做定语。如: ? The project ____ by the end of 2000, will expand the city's telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.(1999.6) A. accomplished B. being accomplished C. to be accomplished D. having been accomplished ? If I correct someone, I will do it with so much good humor and self-restraint as if I were the one ______.(1996.6) A. to correct B. correcting C. having been corrected D. being corrected 同学们只要掌握非谓语动词做定语的一般的规律,就可以判断?题答案为C，?题答案为D。 (2)对固定结构的考查，如: ? The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his arguments in favor of the new theory.(2000.6) A. to be based on B. to base on C. which to base on D. on which to base ? The pressure _____ causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain. A. to compete B. competing 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 C. to be competed D. having competed ?题为不定式做定语的固定形式，答案为D，?题为某些特定名词的定语结构，答案为A。在英语中有些名词，如动词变来的名词，形容词变来的名词，以及means, way, time, moment, reason等要求其后用不定式做定语，不定式没有体的变化。 4) 做状语的非谓语动词的选择 做状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的选择，如: ? ______ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.(1996.6) A. Having believed B. Believing C. Believed D. Being Believed ? _______ a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at least a master's degree.(1995.1) A. To become B. Become C. One becomes D. On becoming ? Realizing that he hadn't enough money and ____ to borrow from his father, he decided to sell his watch.(1995.1) A. not wanted B. no to want C. not wanting D. wanting not ? ___ it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.(1997.1) A. Believe B. To believe C. Believing D. Believed 从以上各题来看，考查的侧重点有: (1)状语类别的判断 不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同，目的状语要求用不定式，如?。 (2)非谓语动词与句子属于之间的逻辑关系 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 根据主谓关系或动宾关系的不同来确定用现在分词还是用过去分词。 (3)非谓语动词的否定形式 not否定非谓语动词时置于非谓语动词之前，如?。 (4) 独立成分 有些非谓语动词的使用不受与句子主语关系的限制，称为独立成分，这类成 分只记忆即可。如: generally speaking, judging from..., to tell the truth..., 等。 5) 做补足语的非谓语动词的选择 做宾语补足语的非谓语动词受谓语动词的限制，不同动词后的宾语补足语形式要求不同。近几年对各类宾补都有考查。如: ? They are going to have the service man ____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.(1998.1) A. install B. to install C. to be installed D. installed ? After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute ______.(1998.6) A. being settled B. to be settled C. had settled D. as settled ? You will see this product ____ wherever you go.(2000.6) A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising ? His remarks left me _____ about his real purpose.(1999.6) A. wondered B. wonder C. to wonder D. wondering 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 ? When I caught him ______ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.(1997.1) A. cheating B. cheat C. to cheat D. to be cheating ? The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _____ on benches, chairs or boxes.(2000.1) A. having seated B. seating C. seated D. having been seated 考查涉及到 感官动词后的宾语补足语，如?。 have, make, let, leave等特殊 单词 英语单词 下载七年级上册英语单词表下载英语单词表下载深圳小学英语单词表 下载高中英语单词 下载 后的宾语补足语。 regard类后面的宾语补足语 with独立分句后面的 常用动词后面的宾语补足语。 6) 做表语的非谓语动词的选择 表语的考查多侧重于分词做表语形式的选择，很少有动名词的用法的考查，虽然选项中有 不定式作为干扰项，只要能看出是做表语的也就不用考虑。如: ? The house was very quiet, ____ as it was on the side of the mountain.(1999.6) A. isolated B. isolating C. being isolated D. having been isolated ? These surveys indicate that many crimes go _____ by the police,mainly because not all victims report them.(2000.6) A. unrecorded B. to be unrecorded C. unrecording D. to have been unrecorded 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 分词做表语可以做系动词be的表语，也可以做其它系动词的表语，如go, feel,seem, look, remain等等。这些系动词后非谓语动词的饿用法 规则 编码规则下载淘宝规则下载天猫规则下载麻将竞赛规则pdf麻将竞赛规则pdf 是相同的。 7) to作为介词与作为不定式符号的选择 to可以是介词，也可以用来引导不定式，四级考试中对种类用法的考查也比较多。如: ? I have no objection _______ your story again.(2000.6) A. to hear B. to hearing C. to having heard D. to have heard ? The traditional approach ____ with complex problems is to break down into smaller, more easily managed problems.(1996.6) A. to dealing B. in dealing C. dealing D. to deal ? The man in the corner confessed to _____ a lie to the manager of the company.(1997.6) A. have told B. be told C. being told D. having told 这类考题的考查方式有两种，一是四个选项中有两个相对的选项to do something 和 to doing something，这时考查的自然是to的性质;另一种是to在题干中，如?。 8) 分词前连词的使用 分词前连词的使用是为了使分词的作用更加明了，使考生更加准确地理解 试题 中考模拟试题doc幼小衔接 数学试题 下载云南高中历年会考数学试题下载N4真题下载党史题库下载 。考查有两种情况 (1)根据连词选择适当的分词形式 Michael used to look hurt and surprised when ______.(1995.1) A. scolding B. to scold C. having scolded D. scolded when的使用说明非谓语动词做时间状语，答案不可能是B，从scold与句子主语间的逻辑关系来看，应该是动宾关系，答案应该是D。 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 (2)根据状语的功能选择不同的连词 Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patient do not take drugs ___ directed.(1996.1) A. like B. so C. which D. as 由上下文的意思可以看出，分词所做的是方式状语，连词应该是as。 9) 非谓语动词的体 非谓语动词中分词的体有完成体和进行体，即having done, having been done和being done，完成体只用于做状语的场合，而进行体可以用于做定语和做补足语。 动名词的体也有having done, having been done和 being done的结构主要用于做主语和宾语的场合。 不定式的体有to be doing 和to have done，主要用于pretend, happen, seem, appear, be said to等结构中。如: ? The man in the corner confessed to _____ a lie to the manager of the company.(1997.6) A. have told B. be told C. being told D. having told having told在句中做介词宾语，表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。 ? I'd rather read than watch television; the programs seem ____ all the time.(1997.1) A. to get worse B. to be getting worse C. to have got worse D. getting worse 从all the time的使用可以推断get worse是一个渐变过程，所以用不定式的进行体。 ? The speech _____ a lively discussion started.(1995.1) A. being delivered B. was delivered C. be delivered D. having been delivered 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 该结构属于独立主格结构做时间状语，状语分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，所以应该用完成体，答案为D。 10)动名词复合结构 动名词符合结构可以做主语、宾语和表语，在对动名词的考查中总是将其逻辑主语包括进来，形成动名词的复合结构: ? _____ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.(1999.1) A. The girl was educated B. The girl educated C. The girl's being educated D. The girl to be educated 本题涉及题眼比较多，A，为从句做主语，但缺少that，D为不定式做主语，但缺少for(for the girl to be educated)，B结构不能做主语，答案是C，为动名词的复合结构。 ? Ann never dreams of _____ for her to be sent abroad very soon. A. there being a chance B. there to be a chance C. there be a chance D. being a chance 介词后用动名词，表示存在时必须用there be句型，所以答案为A，这也是动名词复合结构，there为动名词的逻辑主语。 ? I don't mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late. A. you to delay making B. your delaying making C. you delaying to make D. you delay to make Mind要求接动名词,动名词的逻辑主语用形容词性物主代词，答案自然是B。 ? I would appreciate _____ it a secret.(1995.6) A. your keeping B. you to keep C. that you keep D. that you will keep 本题与上一题类似，答案是A。 2(非谓语动词解题策略 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 1)正确判断非谓语动词 这类题一般出现在独立主格结构中，如果在选项与句子之间没有连词，则说明，所选为独立主格结构，既名词或主格代词 + 分词。 All things ______, the planned trip will have to be called off. A. considered B. be considered C. considering D. having considered 句子没有连词，说明所选结构不属于从句，那么就是独立主格做状语，根据动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系为动宾关系，答案应该是A。 ____, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.(1997.6) A. Other things being equal B. Were other things equal C. To be equal to other things D. Other things to be equal 做状语的可以是从句，但B的结构是虚拟条件，与这里不符，不表目的，C不对，不表将来，独立主格中非谓语动词不能是不定式，答案为A。 4) 判断动名词复合结构的方式 主语位置上，或动词、介词后的"名词代词 + 非谓语动词"，如果表示的是一个事件则是动名词复合结构，而不是"名词 + 定语。请看以下各例: He insisted on the windows _____ open while he was sleeping. A. left B. being left C. leaving D. be left insist on后不接从句，D可以排除。这里表达的是坚持要求"开着窗子睡觉"，所以应该是动名词复合结构，答案为B。 The road __________ caused us to be for our work for half an hour. A. blocked B. was blocked C. blocking D. being blocked 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 做主语的表示上班迟到的原因，自然应该是"交通堵塞"，而不是"被堵的道路"，所以还是动名词复合结构，答案为D。 The concerned mother thrilled at the news of his son ____ to college. A. had been admitted B. admitted C. having been admitted D. having admitted 消息表达的应该是个事件，说明不是"被录取的孩子"，介词of后不可能接从句，说明of后为动名词的复合结构，答案是C。 3) 注意分析非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系 正确判断非谓语动词与起逻辑主语之间的关系是正确选择非谓语动词形式的保证，不管是做什么成分的非谓语动词都体现以下特点: 如果非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，则用现在分词; 如果非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用过去分词; 如果表示将来，则用动词不定式。 这是非谓语动词运用的基本原则，然后再根据其不同的作用，掌握其更细的规则。如: (1)做定语时 做定语的可以是动名词、分词或不定式。动名词做前置定语，所构成的大多为固定短语，四级考试一般不涉及。主要考查分词和不定式做定语。分词或不定式做定语一般做后置定语。 ? The project ____ by the end of 2000, will expand the city's telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users. A. accomplished B. being accomplished C. to be accomplished D. having been accomplished ? Hard work ____ on time will lead to better grades.(1995.1) A. done B. be done C. having done D. to have been done ? As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town _____ 50 households 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 6) 熟记固定搭配，分清不定式与to加动名词 其实容易产生不定式符号与介词混淆的只是为数不多的某些句式，只要平时注意积累即可。 prefer doing something to doing something look forward to doing something be used to doing something (习惯于做某事) stick to doing something object to doing something/ have objection to doing something be opposed to doing something admit/confess to doing something I have no objection _____ your story again.(2000.6) A. to hear B. to hearing C. to having heard D. to have heard The man in the corner confessed to ________ a lie to the manager of the company. A. have told B. be told C. being told D. having told 从出题人的心理来看，如果有to do something和 to doing something的对比项，一般 答案是to doing something。 7) 分清宾补的类别 (1)感官动词后的宾补可以是doing, do, done, being done的结构，其中being done 只 用于少数动词后面， 如find, smell, feel等。 (2)have somebody do something 让某人做某事 have somebody doing something 让某人一直做某事 won't have somebody do something 不许某人做某事 have something done 使某事被做 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 have something + ving 让……一直…… (3)catch,smell,keep,set,等只能接doing的结构,表示主动和正在进行。 (4)leave somebody doing something 让某人一直做某事 leave something undone 使某事只做了一半 leave something to be done 事情有待于解决 leave somebody to do something让某事做某事，表示将来 (5)with somebody to do something宾补与宾语是主谓关系，表示将来。 with somebody doing something 宾补与宾语之间是主谓关系，表示正在进行。 with something to do 宾补与宾语间是动宾关系，表示将来，动作执行者在句中找的着。 with something to be done宾补与宾语是动宾关系，表示将来，但动作执行者在句中找不着。 with something done 宾补与宾语之间是动宾关系，表示完成。 8) 注意下列结构中非谓语动词的体 pretend/appear/seem/happen/ be said to do something 不定式动作一般为状态动词，也可是终止性动词，表示与谓语动词同时存在或发生。 pretend/appear/seem/happen/ be said to have done something 不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。 pretend/appear/seem/happen/ be said to be doing something 不定式动作与谓语动词同时进行 9) 熟记哪些动词后接不定式,哪些接动名词,如果两者都可，又有什么差别。 既可接不定式,又可接动名词,用法有别的动词常考的有: forget,remember, regret, mean, try等。 10)注意want/need/require表示"需要"时的特殊句式 考试资料网@@资料分享平台 want/need/require表"需要"时，后接主动的动名词或被动的不定式，即doing 或to be done的形式。不可混淆。 考试资料网@@资料分享平台