Build by compose of system of credit of our country agriculture- Be based on finance to restrain theoretical analysis

Build by compose of system of credit of our country agriculture- Be based on finance to restrain theoretical analysis Build by compose of system of credit of our country agriculture: Be based on finance to restrain theoretical analysis Paper keyword: Contemporary agriculture; Finance is restrained; Agricultural credit system Talk article summary: The finance that our country country exists generally controls the development that restricting contemporary agriculture and rural economics badly, solve financial low-key to still depend on a system innovating at all. The article combines the finance of the developing country to restrain theory, on the base that controlling the current situation to undertake thorough analysis to finance of our country country, discussed agricultural credit system to dissolving effectiveness of rural finance low-key, put forward compose to establish the basic framework of system of credit of our country agriculture finally. 2007 “ in the center of “ the file puts forward to want to develop contemporary agriculture energetically, but long-term since, development of our country agriculture was 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 immersed in “ low productivity one low deposit, low capital accumulates one low income one low productivity “ vicious circle. Developing economics theory to think to increase capital to accumulate is from “ vicious circle “ in a when disengagement comes out main outlet, through to agriculture cast a person to increase capital to accumulate then crucial to agricultural development. At present agricultural credit fund had become the main fund source that agriculture throws, however, our country country is existing generally finance controls an appearance, cause enthusiasm of financial orgnaization support agriculture not tall, throw serious inadequacy to agriculture. The experience of a lot of countries makes clear, the key that finance of the country that defeat solution controls a problem depends on compose building the agricultural credit system that suits with agriculture and phase of rural economics development. Accordingly, because national condition makes the agricultural credit system of appropriate,compose is built, finance of the country that defeat solution controls difficult problem, had made the task of a no time to delay. One, the finance that our country agriculture and rural 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 economics development are faced with restrains Ji its crucial point (One) the support that agriculture wins loan is small, farmer loan difficulty is heavy In recent years, our country increased devoted to agricultural credit strength stage by stage, devoted gross had agricultural credit to increase considerably, but investment is not worth a problem still serious. Concerned data shows, our country GDP was twenty thousand nine hundred and forty billion seven hundred million yuan 2006, of gross of financial orgnaization loan and GDP than 1.07:1. And GDP of the first industry is 2.47 trillion yuan, of gross of financial orgnaization loan and GDP than be 0.49:1, it is every 1 yuan of countrywide CDP to obtain the 46 , of loan level only namely. Although agriculture is a labor concentrated model industry, unit GDP place needs loan to may be compared 2, 3 industries want a few lower, but from eye antecedent condition looks, GDP of agriculture of our country unit obtains loan to support apparent on the low side. Research center of development of the State Council was saved 29 times to the whole nation 2005 (municipality directly under the Central Government, municipality) , the sampling 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 investigation of 1962 farmer shows, the farmer of 63 , has loan demand, the farmer that has produced loan action actually occupies the 51 , of example. In the farmer that has had borrow or lend money, from the loan in kin friend , from borrow or lend money of rural credit occupy 58 , agency occupy 37 , . The basis is investigated computative, the farmer that has 1/4 only about at present can win loan support from orgnaization of normal country finance. (2) supply deficiency of support agriculture of rural finance orgnaization Although our country country has agricultural bank, agriculture to develop agency of credit of bank, country,wait for orgnaization of experience farming finance, but the development that reforms as financial system, commerciality finance orgnaization pays attention to benefit more and more, and develop lag as a result of agricultural economy, supportive rural economics is profitless, bring financial venture possibly still, accordingly, orgnaization site is many from evacuate of prefectural region country, loan limits of authority receives on, bring about agricultural credit fund increasingly atrophic; Agricultural development bank regards 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 the agricultural policy of our country only as sexual finance orgnaization, assume oil of state-owned grain cotton only at present the credit business of current link, if other and many policy sex task sustains agriculture industrialization of development, agriculture and rural base construction, farming the business such as credit of company of by-product treatment bibcock was not begun rise, its support agriculture to develop be unworthy of the name or the title; Rural credit agency is producing the effect of main force of financial support agriculture, but oneself of farming letter company puts the blemish that be in and all the more to commercialize the tendency badly, affected the enthusiasm of its support agriculture, support agriculture aftereffect is insufficient. On the whole, supply of financial industry support agriculture is not worth badly, had become restrict rural economics development, block up “ 3 farming “ the main factor that the problem settles. (3) rural capital outflow is serious, contradiction of capital supply and demand is acerb State-owned commercial bank, postal deposit and rural credit agency are the principal part that rural finance serves, 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 also be the main channel of rural capital outflow. After the orgnaization of basic level of state-owned commercial bank of a rural area is removed and be being adjusted with function, place remnant very few orgnaization and site were become almost pure the orgnaization that draws deposit, according to statistic, state-owned commercial bank sucks Chu Yu forehead every year to reach 300 billion yuan for 200 billion yuan in the country, very major put through going up pour out of a country completely; Fixed position “ absorb deposit not to extend only loan “ postal deposit, get on absorption fund completely delimit orgnaization of above of ground city class, turn next put people bank to gain interest income. The data makes clear, up to in December 2006 end, remaining sum of deposit of countrywide postal deposit achieves 1.6 trillion yuan, among them each villages and towns and place administer country occupy 50 , above, those who became outflow of aggravate country capital “ culprit “ one of; Rural credit agency is emphasizing be being used of capital centrally, while the country that will draw puts orgnaization of prefectural class above on capital, get the drive of the influence of social environment and economic interest, put in in credit on also gradually deviate rural economics. Current, 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 the capital that farming letter company invests a country every year occupies his to absorb the 70 , of deposit amount to control only, and this one proportion presents a trend that drops gradually. Prediction of a person’s luck in a given year of rural society fund makes the development of agriculture and rural economics lost fund greatly “ feed back “ support. As the development of the development of contemporary agriculture and rural economics structural adjustment, the contradiction of supply and demand of capital of inevitable meeting aggravate: On one hand, requirement of agricultural credit capital is exuberant, the capital requirement that rural economics expands presents the state of rigid growth; On the other hand, capital outflow is serious, credit fund flow direction, discharge produced new change. (4) market of credit of agriculture of monopoly of rural credit agency, the market allocates the action of credit resource to be developed very hard Agricultural credit market is to promote configuration of agricultural credit resource to optimize, add the important way that gross of agricultural credit resource furnishs. 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 However, evacuate a rural area as commerciality finance orgnaization, rural credit agency gradually establish the monopoly position on agricultural credit market. Face the agricultural credit market close to forestall, farming letter company lacks financial service and the power that the product innovates, support agriculture enthusiasm is abate, business “ blame farming is changed “ the trend is clear, make capital to accrual relative to taller town or blame farming the branch flows, the agriculture that needs capital truly and rural economics get the support of loan hard, affected the market badly to be opposite the configuration action of credit resource. (5) agricultural credit manages a mechanism not free, credit business lag Agricultural production is had “ high risk sex, dispersive sex, fluctuation, periodic “ wait for a characteristic, the investment of fund of requirement agriculture credit should fit to it. However, the credit government mechanism of our country is put in a lot of problems, restrained the further progress of agriculture and rural economics. Incorporate is: It is rigid credit management system and loan responsibility are found out make, affect the investment of pair of agriculture 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 credit. On one hand financial orgnaization to be on guard risk, execute intensive to turn management to capital, loan limits of authority receives on, basic level awards letter attributive to be restricted badly all right; On the other hand financial orgnaization extends to fulfil the first system of job responsibility generally to loan risk management and loan are lifelong find out make, below the circumstance with credit drive and venture not at present quits tie, the member that bring about credit “ careful borrow “ , “ cherish is borrowed “ , “ be afraid of borrow “ the thought is serious, restricted the significant investment of agricultural credit. 2 it is farmer small credit specified number is spent slant small. As the development of rural economics structural adjustment and contemporary agriculture, 5 1000 those who go to 10 thousand yuan is small agriculture loans awards letter forehead to spend far insufficient, contradiction of capital supply and demand is relatively outstanding. 3 it is on the high side of loan interest rate. Interest rate of loan of rural credit agency is at present general rise 100 , of 20 , : differ, some returning “ one float reachs the summit “ , with agricultural production yield inferior real phase is compared, the farmer bears hard, also the benefit with the country 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 farming policy photograph is contrary to. 4 it is loan time limit and agricultural production cycle are out of line. Already broke traditional agriculture as a result of contemporary agriculture spring kind autumn harvest mode, to oppose seasonal, long periodic development, the manufacturing cycle of agriculture of a few characteristic is lengthened, and the agricultural loan that at present farming gold branch still takes a tradition extends method, no matter loan sort, utility all executes the loan time limit inside 1 year, the development rule of economy of incommensurate already contemporary agriculture. 5 it is agriculture it is difficult that loan mortgage assures. At present prefectural class assures the system had be notted mix soundly perfect, partial county town still assures without even company, and experience agriculture Wu is rare be short of, in major country small civilian battalion enterprise and grow farmer of course of study assures because of lacking and by refus at loan beyond the doorsill, assure pawn is short of miss the outstanding question with had become a farmer to borrow money difficult. 2, analysis of effectiveness of agricultural credit system 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 New system economics thinks, the system is a kind of productivity, effective system arrangement can promote economic growth and development. The system is had commonly provide incentive mechanism, reduce uncertainty, reduce trade charge, offer for economy those who restrain a person is service, opportunistic wait for a function, among them drive and the core function that restraining is a system. Dissolve rural finance to restrain, ensure agriculture and the fund that rural economics develops are thrown, from go up to tell or should rely on a system to innovate at all. Agricultural credit system was the credit capital investment of contemporary agriculture and rural economics to provide system safeguard, its are specific effectiveness has the following. (One) guide financial orgnaization to increase agricultural investment Agricultural credit system on one hand sclerotic agricultural investment restrains a mechanism, make agricultural credit fund devoted do not accept time and external world the interference of other factor and influence, can get stability and persistent supply; On the other hand, 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 the privilege of pay interest in the form of a deduction when selling a bill of exchange of interest rate control, finance, taxation important step that regards agricultural credit as the system will arouse enthusiasm of financial orgnaization support agriculture, increase the investment to contemporary agriculture. (2) smash up a monopoly, produce the effect of agricultural credit market effectively The development of agricultural credit market and perfect need system are built. Of agricultural credit system build, sufficient play agriculture of Chinese agriculture bank, China develops a bank the backbone in rural finance and pillar action, the interweave of new-style banking group that drive gets used to contemporary agriculture to develop enters agricultural credit market, break thereby at present the situation of market of credit of agriculture of monopoly of rural credit agency, conduct the development with orderly competition of agricultural credit market. (3) strengthen risk management, be on guard agricultural credit risk 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 The character of agricultural credit high risk, not only the enthusiasm that restrained investment of financial orgnaization credit, also restricted the play of agricultural credit effect greatly. Of agricultural credit system build, can charge those who strengthen management of agricultural credit risk the sex, be on guard effectively agricultural credit risk. (4) improve agriculture credit management system and run way System of effective agricultural credit management and run means to shoud be able to get used to rural economics be opposite quite the demand of credit fund. Time limit of on the low side of unreasonable, line of credit, credit does not accord with the credit structure that agricultural credit system is aimed at the existence in agricultural credit business mortgage of agricultural production cycle, credit assures wait for a problem hard, borrow money through improving breed of credit of credit means, innovation, transfer to a lower level attributive, drop the measure such as loan doorsill, to perfect agriculture credit management provides system safeguard. 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 (5) aggrandizement, lead capital circumfluence country Agricultural credit system sets all finance orgnaization that is set in the country clearly that he must put place on fixed proportional capital with the form of the system, wait for a condition to create rent for rural finance orgnaization through privilege of interest rate control, taxation at the same time, lead more capital circumfluence countries thereby, cast to rural economics. < 3, the basic framework that compose of system of credit of our country agriculture establishs The system of the agriculture that agricultural credit system is pair of finance orgnaizations and rural credit behavior is arranged or the system sets, its purpose falls in this system namely, rural finance orgnaization configures credit fund effectively, contented and contemporary agriculture and the credit capital requirement that rural economics expands. Agricultural credit system basically organizes credit of system of system, agricultural credit business, agriculture to manage system and agricultural credit risk to control the 4 parts such as the system to form by agricultural credit. Compose builds the agricultural credit 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 system of our country to need to begin from 4 respects. (One) agricultural credit organizes a system Agricultural credit organization is the main unit that makes agricultural credit market, basically include credit of all sorts of agricultural credit orgnaizations, agriculture to serve administration of credit of organization, agriculture to wait. System of agricultural credit organization is to stipulate agricultural credit organization is established, move, shut the system system that waits for regulation. A system of effective system of agricultural credit organization shoud be able to make the limit cost that organizes a system and limit income equivalent quite, agricultural credit organizes drive and tie look look, mutual competition is red-blooded, make agricultural credit resource gets best configuration. The financial orgnaization that at present our country provides agricultural credit fund basically is agricultural bank, agricultural development bank and rural credit agency, will enhance Chinese postal savings bank to be henceforth “ 3 farming “ the function of the service, exploration suits agriculture and the new-style banking organization that rural economics develops a characteristic. What reform as system 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 of banking of our country country is thorough, the financial orgnaization such as commerciality finance, collaboration finance, policy sex finance will each doing his own job, the advantage is complementary, produce the supportive effect of agriculture and pair of rural economics jointly. (2) system of agricultural credit business System of agricultural credit business is the design of business of pair of credit of agricultural credit orgnaization and standard, basically include agricultural credit orgnaization to design credit of system, agriculture to award credit of letter condition system, agriculture to award credit of system of interest rate of credit of letter attributive system, agriculture and agriculture to assure system. 1 agricultural credit structure designs a system. According to actual credit demand different and oriented, financial orgnaization spends the structural combination that waits for a design to differ to credit type, phyletic, deadline, forehead. Generally speaking, our country faces agriculture and the credit structure design that rural economics develops, basically include: Cooperative finance basically provides loan of sex of fluidity, short-term, small, credence; Policy sex 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 finance basically provides the loan of short-term, special sex of current domain; Commerciality finance basically is offerred in long-term, fixed, big, assure, sex of guaranty, impawn borrows money. 2 agricultural credit give letter condition system. Our country is right the financial orgnaization such as agency of credit of bank, country extends credit, set strict, detailed particular program and requirement, include: Loan utility, still shift capacity, still borrow state of financial condition of plan and means, borrower, management state, capital fund indebted rate. Setting the requirement that give a letter is to make sure credit is safe, improve the use efficiency of credit fund. Financial orgnaization must strict according to awards letter condition to carry out credit to put in. 3 agricultural credit give letter attributive system. Award letter attributive to wait for financial orgnaization to extend to agency of bank, credit namely the influence limitation of credit fund, include the pair of types that give a letter, object that give a letter, project that give a letter, forehead that give a letter to spend the limitation that waits for own option and power to make decisions. The attributive that give a letter stipulated behavior of financial orgnaization credit and the 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 limits that credit concerns are attrib border. Credit of our country agriculture gives letter limits of authority still relatively finite, in the process that develops contemporary agriculture, will form what satisfy certain level to rural finance demand to restrain. Systems of 4 agricultural credit interest rate. System of interest rate of credit of our country agriculture is designed, specific include: Commerciality finance offers agricultural credit interest rate to consult standard interest rate regards central bank as executive standard, supply demand relations of basis credit market decides level of effective interest rate, special loan project can enjoy favourable interest rate; The interest rate of credit of blame policy sex in policy sex finance consults standard of interest rate of commerciality finance credit is carried out, interest rate of among them policy sex credit assigns interest rate by the State Council or central bank. The effective interest rate of policy sex credit is less than commerciality credit normally level of effective interest rate, formation benefit difference is given by central bank or national finance remedy; The interest rate of support agriculture credit that rural collaboration finance offers is consulting on the foundation of interest rate of commerciality 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 finance credit, its implement interest rate actually but rise 50 , . 5 agricultural credit assure system. Offer credit to make to financial orgnaization, credit assures system, it is to promote and safeguard be in harmony of financial orgnaization capital to connect safety and efficiency, ensure the implementation of creditor’s rights of financial orgnaization finance, realize effective to interest of financial orgnaization loan protection thereby. Current. Orgnaization of our country finance to facing “ 3 farming “ credit, usually the requirement is offerred assure, but the farmer that rural credit agency offers is small credit is belonged to without assure credit. (3) agricultural credit runs a system According to our country “ commercial bank law “ and the laws and regulations of concerned bank trade such as bank of development of agriculture of bank of agriculture of the State Council, central bank, China, China law, the smooth flow for safeguard credit fund and its income are secure, the credit fund of finance of our country commerciality moves with management, basically execute: President of borrower application system, loan is in charge of 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 making, careful borrows depart to make, classification examine and approve make, specially appointed is participated in supervise make, performance of system of management of risk of credit capital fund, credit is evaluated make. The blame policy sex in finance of sex of the credit fund of rural collaboration finance, policy the management of credit fund consults the credit management system of commerciality finance is carried out; The policy sex credit in policy sex finance (if grain oily cotton buys special credit,the capital, loan that help deficient up, rehabilitation helps deficient up poverty of loan, border land is state-owned farming grass helps deficient loan, agriculture up to develop the loan, forestry loan, loan that treat sand, special infrastructure integratedly loan, special. (4) agricultural credit risk controls a system The weak qualitative sex of agricultural oneself makes agricultural credit has high risk sex, restricting the development of agricultural credit badly, weakened finance the supportive effect to agriculture. Accordingly, build agricultural credit risk to control a system, to strengthening rural finance base, promotion agriculture finance sustains 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 effect, have important sense. Specifically, to the agricultural credit that cooperative finance provides, on the foundation that should holding to collaboration to make a principle, through perfecting cooperative banking system, improve cooperative finance processing, strengthen capital the system way such as enough sex management tries the risk is on guard with deal with; To the agricultural credit that commerciality finance provides, on the principle foundation that should insisting to commercialize fixed position, insist to face “ 3 farming “ primary purpose, optimize through structure of structural reorganization, credit with adjust, changeover operation centre of gravity (manage in order to support agricultural industrialization for the foundation, enlarge credit span) , come off bad assets, camera extends the system way such as urban business to try effectively the risk is on guard with deal with; To the agricultural credit that policy sex finance provides, should holding to “ policy sex and bank sex “ on balanced principle foundation, of fund of the credit limits of authority that limits policy sex finance clearly and supportive border, interest compensation mechanism that establishs credit of finance of sound policy sex, perfect credit close move perfect and mechanism, as 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询 self-supporting as management make what be united in wedlock with agency system photograph manage the system way such as system to try the risk is on guard deal with. < 更多精品文档,欢迎来我主页查询