日本地理环境与旅游资源

日本地理环境与旅游资源 北京师范大学珠海分校 世界地理与国际旅游课程作业 2014-2015-1 题目:日本地理环境的特点及其著名的旅游资源 序 号 3 姓 名 李凤仪 学 号 1201040055 上 课 时 间 周二1011 年 级 12 专 业 计算机信息与技术 学 院 信息与技术学院 2014 年 12 月 30 日 poverty. In the area of poverty alleviation, to rely on e-commerce business park, active docking Alibaba group "rural treasure", "the stars plan" and "featured the Museum" project to accelerate the implementation of electronic commerce "hundred thousand rural village" project, free train operation staff, offering online support help for poor families, the provision of micro-credit support, helping them to use e-commerce platform to escape poverty. In poverty reduction, give a man a fish and feed him for a day, to targeted skills training and entrepreneurship training free of charge for the poor, increase employment, entrepreneurial skills, ensure the transfer of training people, poverty. In terms of student poverty, high school, vocational college students ' stipends and other costs, can be through the "one card", such as direct subsidies to households. In terms of financial poverty, in order to further increase the size of loans, expands the scope of delivery, developing industry, Enterprise provides protection for the poor. In respect of transport poverty alleviation, to solve the bottleneck in poor villages, development of transport, vigorously promoting the construction of rural roads and ordinary roads. PV poverty reduction, to support conditions of poor villages and photovoltaic system of centralized, poor construction projects, poor 摘要: 日本是位于东亚太平洋中的一个岛国，与我国隔海相望，一衣带水。日本除了在工业及科技水平保持很高的水平，在人文及自然风光上也极具特色，是世界各国人士喜爱的旅游地点之一。日本是极富有自然之美的地方，有着浓郁的东方特色。本文将从多方面介绍了日本地理环境特点和著名的旅游景点资源。 关键词:日本 人文自然 东方特色 poverty. In the area of poverty alleviation, to rely on e-commerce business park, active docking Alibaba group "rural treasure", "the stars plan" and "featured the Museum" project to accelerate the implementation of electronic commerce "hundred thousand rural village" project, free train operation staff, offering online support help for poor families, the provision of micro-credit support, helping them to use e-commerce platform to escape poverty. In poverty reduction, give a man a fish and feed him for a day, to targeted skills training and entrepreneurship training free of charge for the poor, increase employment, entrepreneurial skills, ensure the transfer of training people, poverty. In terms of student poverty, high school, vocational college students ' stipends and other costs, can be through the "one card", such as direct subsidies to households. In terms of financial poverty, in order to further increase the size of loans, expands the scope of delivery, developing industry, Enterprise provides protection for the poor. In respect of transport poverty alleviation, to solve the bottleneck in poor villages, development of transport, vigorously promoting the construction of rural roads and ordinary roads. PV poverty reduction, to support conditions of poor villages and photovoltaic system of centralized, poor construction projects, poor - 1 - 目录 工贸企业有限空间作业目录特种设备作业人员作业种类与目录特种设备作业人员目录1类医疗器械目录高值医用耗材参考目录 一(地理位置............................................................................................................................ - 3 - 1半球位置 ......................................................................................................................... - 3 - 2纬度位置 ......................................................................................................................... - 3 - 3海陆位置 ......................................................................................................................... - 3 - 4面积、国土组成 .............................................................................................................. - 3 - 二(自然地理环境..................................................................................................................... - 3 - 1.地形地质 ......................................................................................................................... - 3 - 2.气候 ................................................................................................................................ - 4 - 3.海洋 ................................................................................................................................ - 5 - 4.河流湖泊 ......................................................................................................................... - 5 - 三(日本经济............................................................................................................................ - 6 - 1.农业: ............................................................................................................................ - 6 - 2.矿产: ............................................................................................................................ - 6 - 3.加工贸易经济: .............................................................................................................. - 6 - 4.对外贸易: ..................................................................................................................... - 7 - 5.经济结构: ..................................................................................................................... - 7 - 四(旅游资源............................................................................................................................ - 7 - 五(著名景点---金阁寺 .............................................................................................................. - 8 - 1.世界文化遗产 .................................................................................................................. - 8 - 2.建筑风格 ......................................................................................................................... - 8 - 3.特点: ............................................................................................................................ - 8 - poverty. In the area of poverty alleviation, to rely on e-commerce business park, active docking Alibaba group "rural treasure", "the stars plan" and "featured the Museum" project to accelerate the implementation of electronic commerce "hundred thousand rural village" project, free train operation staff, offering online support help for poor families, the provision of micro-credit support, helping them to use e-commerce platform to escape poverty. In poverty reduction, give a man a fish and feed him for a day, to targeted skills training and entrepreneurship training free of charge for the poor, increase employment, entrepreneurial skills, ensure the transfer of training people, poverty. In terms of student poverty, high school, vocational college students ' stipends and other costs, can be through the "one card", such as direct subsidies to households. In terms of financial poverty, in order to further increase the size of loans, expands the scope of delivery, developing industry, Enterprise provides protection for the poor. In respect of transport poverty alleviation, to solve the bottleneck in poor villages, development of transport, vigorously promoting the construction of rural roads and ordinary roads. PV poverty reduction, to support conditions of poor villages and photovoltaic system of centralized, poor construction projects, poor 一(地理位置 1半球位置:东半球 北半球 2纬度位置:25?N~45?N 3海陆位置: 欧亚大陆以东、太平洋西部。西临日本海与俄罗斯、朝鲜、韩国相望，隔东海与中国相望。 4面积、国土组成: 日本于2010年领土面积有377,950平方公里。领土由北海道、本州、四国、九州4个大岛和其他7200多个小岛屿组成，因此也被称为“千岛之国” 图一 二(自然地理环境 1.地形地质: 以山地、丘 陵为主，多位于中部，国土四分之三为山地丘陵(61%是海拔3000m以上山地，18%是丘陵);平原面积狭小且多位于沿海是冲积平原。 最大平原——关东平原 日本位于亚欧板块和太平洋板块的消亡边界，为西太平洋岛弧-海岸山脉-海沟组合的一部分，以山地为主，位于环太平洋火山地震带。 poverty. In the area of poverty alleviation, to rely on e-commerce business park, active docking Alibaba group "rural treasure", "the stars plan" and "featured the Museum" project to accelerate the implementation of electronic commerce "hundred thousand rural village" project, free train operation staff, offering online support help for poor families, the provision of micro-credit support, helping them to use e-commerce platform to escape poverty. In poverty reduction, give a man a fish and feed him for a day, to targeted skills training and entrepreneurship training free of charge for the poor, increase employment, entrepreneurial skills, ensure the transfer of training people, poverty. In terms of student poverty, high school, vocational college students ' stipends and other costs, can be through the "one card", such as direct subsidies to households. In terms of financial poverty, in order to further increase the size of loans, expands the scope of delivery, developing industry, Enterprise provides protection for the poor. In respect of transport poverty alleviation, to solve the bottleneck in poor villages, development of transport, vigorously promoting the construction of rural roads and ordinary roads. PV poverty reduction, to support conditions of poor villages and photovoltaic system of centralized, poor construction projects, poor - 3 - 图二 2.气候 亚热带季风气候(38?N以南) 温带季风气候(38?N以北) 海洋性特征明显(海陆位置差异)，与亚洲大陆同纬度地区比较冬季较为温暖、夏 季较为凉爽。多梅雨、台风雨、秋雨;西北沿海冬季多雪 poverty. In the area of poverty alleviation, to rely on e-commerce business park, active docking Alibaba group "rural treasure", "the stars plan" and "featured the Museum" project to accelerate the implementation of electronic commerce "hundred thousand rural village" project, free train operation staff, offering online support help for poor families, the provision of micro-credit support, helping them to use e-commerce platform to escape poverty. In poverty reduction, give a man a fish and feed him for a day, to targeted skills training and entrepreneurship training free of charge for the poor, increase employment, entrepreneurial skills, ensure the transfer of training people, poverty. In terms of student poverty, high school, vocational college students ' stipends and other costs, can be through the "one card", such as direct subsidies to households. In terms of financial poverty, in order to further increase the size of loans, expands the scope of delivery, developing industry, Enterprise provides protection for the poor. In respect of transport poverty alleviation, to solve the bottleneck in poor villages, development of transport, vigorously promoting the construction of rural roads and ordinary roads. PV poverty reduction, to support conditions of poor villages and photovoltaic system of centralized, poor construction projects, poor 图三 3.海洋 日本周边海域分别为东边的太平洋、南边的菲律宾海(日本多视作太平洋一部分)、西边的东海、西北边的日本海，以及东北边的鄂霍次克海。本州与四国之间的海称为濑户内海，当中散布多个海岛。 日本海岸线全长33889公里。由于日本是一个岛国，因此其海岸线十分复杂。西部日本海一侧多悬崖峭壁，港口稀少，东部太平洋一侧多入海口，形成许多天然良港。 图四 4.河流湖泊 日本的河流普遍长度短、落差大、流域面积小、水流量因季节不同而有很大差别。 日本全国共有大小湖泊600余个，大部分分布在日本列岛的关东、东北和北海道地区。日本的湖泊多是火山湖, 具有小而深的特点。 poverty. In the area of poverty alleviation, to rely on e-commerce business park, active docking Alibaba group "rural treasure", "the stars plan" and "featured the Museum" project to accelerate the implementation of electronic commerce "hundred thousand rural village" project, free train operation staff, offering online support help for poor families, the provision of micro-credit support, helping them to use e-commerce platform to escape poverty. In poverty reduction, give a man a fish and feed him for a day, to targeted skills training and entrepreneurship training free of charge for the poor, increase employment, entrepreneurial skills, ensure the transfer of training people, poverty. In terms of student poverty, high school, vocational college students ' stipends and other costs, can be through the "one card", such as direct subsidies to households. In terms of financial poverty, in order to further increase the size of loans, expands the scope of delivery, developing industry, Enterprise provides protection for the poor. In respect of transport poverty alleviation, to solve the bottleneck in poor villages, development of transport, vigorously promoting the construction of rural roads and ordinary roads. PV poverty reduction, to support conditions of poor villages and photovoltaic system of centralized, poor construction projects, poor - 5 - 图五 三(日本经济 1.农业: 日本平原的狭小，不利于农业的发展。农业只能采用小型机械，精耕细作，平原地区多生产稻米，丘陵地区多栽培果树，蔬菜等方式。 2.矿产: 日本的矿产资源贫乏，虽然其矿产资源种类较齐全，但蕴藏量都很小，因而有人称之为“金属资源标本国”。其主要原因是日本的地面将近2/3为新生界及新期火成岩之喷出岩，地质构造运动激烈且断层多，导致矿床小、矿层薄、矿石杂质含量高。 3.加工贸易经济: 日本东部太平洋一侧多河流入海口，形成许多天然良港，这是日本的重要优势因素。这个优势因素，有利于日本把市场投向全世界。从世界各地进口原材料或能源，把制成品销售到世界各地，这是日本的生存之道，称为加工贸易经济。日本多海港的岛国优势，为日本加工贸易经济的发展带来了良好的基础，也为日本海洋渔业的发展带来方便。日本是依靠加工贸易经济实现富裕的成功例子。 poverty. In the area of poverty alleviation, to rely on e-commerce business park, active docking Alibaba group "rural treasure", "the stars plan" and "featured the Museum" project to accelerate the implementation of electronic commerce "hundred thousand rural village" project, free train operation staff, offering online support help for poor families, the provision of micro-credit support, helping them to use e-commerce platform to escape poverty. In poverty reduction, give a man a fish and feed him for a day, to targeted skills training and entrepreneurship training free of charge for the poor, increase employment, entrepreneurial skills, ensure the transfer of training people, poverty. In terms of student poverty, high school, vocational college students ' stipends and other costs, can be through the "one card", such as direct subsidies to households. In terms of financial poverty, in order to further increase the size of loans, expands the scope of delivery, developing industry, Enterprise provides protection for the poor. In respect of transport poverty alleviation, to solve the bottleneck in poor villages, development of transport, vigorously promoting the construction of rural roads and ordinary roads. PV poverty reduction, to support conditions of poor villages and photovoltaic system of centralized, poor construction projects, poor 4.对外贸易: 主要的贸易伙伴有美国、东亚、东南亚、沙特阿拉伯等。与中国大陆和亚洲地区的贸易额大幅成长。长期维持出超。主要的进口物品以原材料为主，包括石油、铁矿石、半成品和食品等。出口汽车、电子产品、家电、机械和工业用机器人等。 5.经济结构: 以知识密集型产业和服务业为主导产业，并纠正对内和对外发展的不平衡性。对内是将经济增长方式转变为内需主导型;对外扩大进口，缩小贸易顺差。制造业加速海外转移。 20 世纪80 年代以来，日本的主导产业可归纳为电气机械、一般机械、运输机械(轿车) 、化学。加快第三产业发展，改变服务业低效率的局面。 四(旅游资源 日本的旅游资源主要表现在两个方面。 1.是秀丽的岛国风光，河流高山，瀑布深谷，火山温泉。比如，被誉为“日本三景”的松岛、宫岛和天桥立，以及富士山、华严瀑布等，都为旅游业的发展提供了良好的自然条件。温泉、山地、海滨三大旅游资源为日本自然旅游资源的主体，日本的自然旅游观光活动及旅游服务设施的配备大多数以上述三大资源为中心而展开。自然旅游资源中温泉资源地位突出。日本列岛火山地震活动频繁，温泉广布，全日本有温泉约1910多处，目前仍有许多还未开发。 日本的樱花文化也在旅游中成为亮点。在一些著名的赏樱胜地，人们还为满树的樱花张灯结彩，“夜樱”与彩灯交互辉映，无比灿烂辉煌。 2.是丰富多彩的历史文化遗产，尤以奈良、京都和镰仓三大古城闻名于世。日本既保留着自己的民族传统，同时也积极吸收外来文化，致力于现代化。 佛教文化是日本文化的一个重要的组成部分，对日本的文学、音乐、美术和 日常生活都有着重要的影响。 由于日本动漫业的蓬勃发展，动漫旅游也逐渐兴起，一些动漫美术馆、女仆咖啡店、动漫玩具店，吸引了许多外国游客前来。 日本的旅游资源对游客的吸引力，主要体现在他将传统与现代很好地结合在了一 poverty. In the area of poverty alleviation, to rely on e-commerce business park, active docking Alibaba group "rural treasure", "the stars plan" and "featured the Museum" project to accelerate the implementation of electronic commerce "hundred thousand rural village" project, free train operation staff, offering online support help for poor families, the provision of micro-credit support, helping them to use e-commerce platform to escape poverty. In poverty reduction, give a man a fish and feed him for a day, to targeted skills training and entrepreneurship training free of charge for the poor, increase employment, entrepreneurial skills, ensure the transfer of training people, poverty. In terms of student poverty, high school, vocational college students ' stipends and other costs, can be through the "one card", such as direct subsidies to households. In terms of financial poverty, in order to further increase the size of loans, expands the scope of delivery, developing industry, Enterprise provides protection for the poor. In respect of transport poverty alleviation, to solve the bottleneck in poor villages, development of transport, vigorously promoting the construction of rural roads and ordinary roads. PV poverty reduction, to support conditions of poor villages and photovoltaic system of centralized, poor construction projects, poor - 7 - 起。尤其是日本的传统文化旅游资源，不仅吸引了许多欧美游客前来游玩，就连中国游客也为之流连忘返。 五(著名景点---金阁寺 1.世界文化遗产 金阁寺，正式名称其实是鹿苑寺，因为建筑物外面包有金箔，故又名金阁寺。是一座位于京都、最早完成于1397年(应永四年)的日本古刹，除了是知名的观光旅游景点之外，也是被日本政府指定为国宝，并于1994年被联合国教科文组织指定为世界文化遗产的重要历史建筑。金阁寺是世界文化遗产，正式名为鹿苑寺。 2.建筑风格 金阁寺坐落在镜湖池畔，是一栋三层楼阁状建筑，三层楼有三种不同的风格: 一楼是延续了当初藤原时代样貌的“法水院”(属寝殿造风格，也就是平安时代的贵族建筑风)。 二楼是镰仓时期的“潮音洞”(一种武家造，意指武士建筑风格)， 三楼则为中国(唐朝)风格的“究竟顶”(属禅宗佛殿建筑)。寺顶有宝塔状的结构，顶端有只象征吉祥的金凤凰装饰。 三种不同时代不同的风格，却能在一栋建筑物上调和完美，是金阁寺之所以受到推崇的原因，除此之外，效仿自衣笠山的池泉回游式庭园里有许多风格别致的日式造景，让它成为室町时代最具代表性的名园。 3.特点: “镜湖池旁的金阁寺在阳光的映照下金碧辉煌，显得特别耀眼。金阁寺非常精致，处处尽显日式园林的精巧别致，建筑非常精美，不得不佩服日本的园林的精湛。”寺庙四周环水，是日本佛教的一个流派，寓意用水将极乐世界与尘世隔离。 poverty. In the area of poverty alleviation, to rely on e-commerce business park, active docking Alibaba group "rural treasure", "the stars plan" and "featured the Museum" project to accelerate the implementation of electronic commerce "hundred thousand rural village" project, free train operation staff, offering online support help for poor families, the provision of micro-credit support, helping them to use e-commerce platform to escape poverty. In poverty reduction, give a man a fish and feed him for a day, to targeted skills training and entrepreneurship training free of charge for the poor, increase employment, entrepreneurial skills, ensure the transfer of training people, poverty. In terms of student poverty, high school, vocational college students ' stipends and other costs, can be through the "one card", such as direct subsidies to households. In terms of financial poverty, in order to further increase the size of loans, expands the scope of delivery, developing industry, Enterprise provides protection for the poor. In respect of transport poverty alleviation, to solve the bottleneck in poor villages, development of transport, vigorously promoting the construction of rural roads and ordinary roads. PV poverty reduction, to support conditions of poor villages and photovoltaic system of centralized, poor construction projects, poor 图六 参考资料: 厦门大学日本研究所 ( 《走进日本》 :中国人民出版社 ，[2007-2-16] ( 日本经济史(1600-2000): 南京大学出版社; 第1版 [2010年8月1日] poverty. In the area of poverty alleviation, to rely on e-commerce business park, active docking Alibaba group "rural treasure", "the stars plan" and "featured the Museum" project to accelerate the implementation of electronic commerce "hundred thousand rural village" project, free train operation staff, offering online support help for poor families, the provision of micro-credit support, helping them to use e-commerce platform to escape poverty. In poverty reduction, give a man a fish and feed him for a day, to targeted skills training and entrepreneurship training free of charge for the poor, increase employment, entrepreneurial skills, ensure the transfer of training people, poverty. In terms of student poverty, high school, vocational college students ' stipends and other costs, can be through the "one card", such as direct subsidies to households. In terms of financial poverty, in order to further increase the size of loans, expands the scope of delivery, developing industry, Enterprise provides protection for the poor. In respect of transport poverty alleviation, to solve the bottleneck in poor villages, development of transport, vigorously promoting the construction of rural roads and ordinary roads. PV poverty reduction, to support conditions of poor villages and photovoltaic system of centralized, poor construction projects, poor - 9 -