第二课 美国诞生

nullnull Lesson Two American Beginnings Ⅰ. Two immigration movements Ⅰ. Two immigration movements 1. From Asia---American Indians 2. From Europe and Africa---Christopher ColumbusAnd Amerigo Vespucci (亚美利哥•韦斯普奇) Amerigo Vespucci (亚美利哥•韦斯普奇) He proved that the land discovered by Columbus was not India, but a new continent. Therefore, the land was named America after him. Ⅱ The Colonial Period (1607- 1776)Ⅱ The Colonial Period (1607- 1776)Early SettlementEarly Settlement1. Jamestown 2. Puritan New England 3. Quaker Pennsylvania 1. Jamestown---First Settlement  ◆In 1607 the English established their first colony in America, at Jamestown, Virginia. ◆ Virginia is named in honor of Queen Elizabeth, the Virgin Queen.  ◆ Jamestown was named for the ruler, King James.  ◆ 144 English men to Virginia,100 survived  ◆ Hunt for gold and wealth 1. Jamestown---First Settlement  ◆In 1607 the English established their first colony in America, at Jamestown, Virginia. ◆ Virginia is named in honor of Queen Elizabeth, the Virgin Queen.  ◆ Jamestown was named for the ruler, King James.  ◆ 144 English men to Virginia,100 survived  ◆ Hunt for gold and wealth ＊Two things in VirginiaTwo things in Virginia 1. On July 30,1619,the delegates along with the governor and his council members had a discussion of the enactment of laws—an example of self-government 2. The first blacks were brought to Virginia in 16192. Puritan New England —The Second Settlement 2. Puritan New England —The Second Settlement Puritans (清教徒) a group of people thought that the Church of England was too catholic and wanted to purify the church, separated themselves from the Church of England Pilgrim JourneyPilgrim Journeythe Pilgrim Fathers (清教徒先驱)who sailed in the Mayflower in 1620, In search of religious freedom, settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts. Mayflower Compact (五月花公约) Mayflower Compact (五月花公约)◆The first governing document of the colony ◆ Form their own religious community and set up a civil government ◆ For the general good of the colonyCultural Heritage of Puritans Cultural Heritage of Puritans 1. Hard work 2. Respect of education 3. Thanksgiving (the fourth Thursday on November )3. Quaker Pennsylvania （贵格派 ）3. Quaker Pennsylvania （贵格派 ）◆ Quakers were so faithful to God that when they spoke of God, they trembled (quake) ◆believe that all people are created equal in the eyes of God. Pennsylvania （宾夕法尼亚） Pennsylvania （宾夕法尼亚） ◆Founded by William Penn  ◆Granted from King Charles II ◆Named "Penn's woods".  ◆Philadelphia: Quaker City理想主义者 Penn’s Holy Experiment Penn’s Holy Experiment ◆Religious freedom ◆ Easy terms for Land (get some land for nothing) ◆ self-government ◆ American founding fathers such as Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin were inspired by Penn’s experiment Ⅲ The Independence War of America （1763-1783）Ⅲ The Independence War of America （1763-1783）The First 13 Colonies 佐治亚,南卡罗来纳,北卡罗来纳,弗吉尼亚,马里兰,特拉华,宾夕法尼亚,新泽西,康涅狄格,新罕布什尔,纽约,马萨诸塞, 罗得岛 Causes of War Causes of War 1. The English people and Europeans in the 13 English colonies were ready to separate themselves from the Old World. 2. British government began to charge new taxes (The Stamp Tax 印花税) （The Tea Tax 茶税）Slogan: “no taxation without representation” (没有代 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 权就不纳税)Boston Tea Party Boston Tea Party During the Boston Tea Party in 1773, American colonists snuck on board of three British trade ships and dumped more than 300 chests of tea into Boston Harbor. They threw the tea overboard to protest Great Britain’s tax on tea.The First Continental CongressThe First Continental CongressIn Sep.1774, the First Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia. The First Shot The First ShotThe first shot of the American Revolution took place in April 1775 at Concord, Massachusetts. American colonists shot at British soldiers, who had come to take away the colonists’ weapons. The American War of Independence Began.The Second Continental CongressThe Second Continental CongressIn May 1775, a second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia and began to be serving as the national government. It founded a Continental Army and Navy under the commander of George Washington.The Declaration of Independence July 4th, The National dayThe Declaration of IndependenceOn July 4, 1776, the Continental Congress adopted a Declaration of Independence, drafted by Thomas Jefferson, John Adams and Benjamin Franklin. null The End of the War In October 1781, British general George Cornwallis surrendered to American general George Washington at Yorktown, Virginia. nullThe Treaty of Paris In 1783, British recognized the independence of the United States. A new nation was born.nullSecretary of the Treasury President George WashingtonSecretary of State Secretary of War Gen. Henry Knox Attorney General Edmund Randolph Alexander HamiltonThomas Jefferson the first CabinetⅣ Founding Fathers of the United StatesⅣ Founding Fathers of the United StatesThomas Jefferson (1743–1826) ◆ one of the most influential Founders of the United States ◆ principle author of the Declaration of Independence. ◆ the third USA president Founding Fathers of the United States Founding Fathers of the United StatesGeorge Washington (1732 –1799) ◆the first President of the United States (1789–97) ◆ the "Father of his Country". Founding Fathers of the United States Founding Fathers of the United StatesBenjamin Franklin (1706-1790) ◆ writing the Declaration of Independence and making the U.S. Constitution.nullBenjamin FranklinnullThomas Jefferson nullGeorge Washington 独立宣言片段欣赏独立宣言片段欣赏我们认为下面这些真理是不言而喻的 : 人人生而平等，造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。为了保障这些权利，人类才在他们之间建立政府，而政府之正当权力，是经被治理者的同意而产生的。当任何形式的政府对这些目标具破坏作用时，人民便有权力改变或废除它，以建立一个新的政府 null Thank you!