LED的发展前景中英文献

The development prospects of LED As the further development of display device and technology, screen display system has been widely used in national economy, LED display as a carrier for displaying information is one of major media. LED display is composed by using LED lattice module or pixel unit. As computer technology developed, LED digital has the characteristics of high reliability, long life, high cost performance, low using cost, strongly adaptive capacity to environment which can be directly driven without reducing drive, therefore, it has been playing a importance role in the field of flat display. and for a long period of time, there are considerable room for development. So, it widely used in the financial markets, hospitals, stadiums, airports, terminals, stations, highways and other public places for information display and advertising. In recent years, China's LED display related technology has also been made a fast and great development, Because of early stage LED material and component restriction, LED display applications were not widely expand. The other hand, display control technology basically is a communication control method which objectively affects the display effect. Thus resulting in the early LED displays in the country rarely, product based on double primary color which is green and red, communication control, gray level is single point of four tone gray, high cost. Later, the rapid development of LED display in the nineties, the global information industry is growing rapidly, information technology continue to make breakthroughs in various fields, LED display in the LED materials and control technology has also been the emergence of new results. The successful development of blue LED lens, full-color LED display to enter the market; the field of computer and microelectronics technology development in the field of display control technology, the video control technology, the screen dynamic display effect of greatly increased. In this stage, LED display in China has developed rapidly, LED display industry turn into a new high-tech industry. LED doomed its huge market will develop into a huge industry. Overall, the domestic industry in terms of size has been unsatisfactory, the typical case is the integrated circuit industry and the LCD panel industry, the domestic IC industry is now tail between its people, LCD panel industry is riddled with illness, technology complex, large investment and a weak infrastructure is the main reason, while the LED industry will break the curse, and can bring about the upgrading of industries, such as the domestic industry in LCD driver chips simply do not drive, because the LCD panel industry out of the country, support because of huge market, LED Driver IC is expected to flourish in the country to promote domestic enterprises bigger and stronger, which in turn will promote the domestic LCD driver chip or other chip-driven development. China's LED industry is currently a disadvantage lies in the fact that a LED products of domestic enterprises and overseas technical level there is a certain gap in the pursuit of high-end customers at a disadvantage; Second, the domestic IC manufacturing base compared to Japan, Korea and Taiwan, these strong LED weak areas, LED epitaxy, chip manufacturing capacity, technological level and poor external support of some materials, the learning curve longer will take some time to cultivate; Third, the size of the domestic LED business is still relatively small, most of them did not exceed 100kk / monthly energy (blue green), this state of affairs in the next two years will be improved; four, domestic R & D concentrated in universities and research institutes, production in the enterprises, the lack of R & D results of the rapid industrialization of the conversion mechanism, which should be learn from Taiwan's Industrial Technology Research Institute of the technical achievements the licensing mechanism to speed up the conversion rate of technological achievements and scientific research institutes can not be for their own industry rather than the outcome of the latest technology and timely transfer to industry, the Government should regulate the development of relevant policy-related behavior; five domestic lack of core patents, in particular related to the industry in the long-term development of the Blu-ray core patents and patent lack of white light, which will enable long-term development of domestic industries to function. China's local enterprises at this stage is mainly at the initial stage, smaller companies, the manufacturers of the master do not constitute a threat to the patent, patent issues is not very prominent. However, with the development and expansion of domestic enterprises, once the scale to a certain extent, the "going out" development strategy, will become a potential patent issues. At present, the domestic enterprises to grow bigger, to improve product quality and technical level of the most important task is to improve the future licensing companies asking price at the time, or to gradually break through the core of R & D patents. We believe that the LED industry in China has good prospects for development, based on the following points: First, in terms of the technology, LED technology has the bottleneck of high growth, low-threshold characteristics of the study, the domestic long-term accumulation in the semiconductor field of research resources can be useful with a good basis for further study. Although the manufacturing of integrated circuits based on weak, relatively low technological level, but some domestic enterprises to join overseas technical personnel, continue to make breakthroughs in technology, technological level of domestic enterprises with good companies with the technological level of Taiwan or less the same as with international companies as a whole has been narrowing the gap; Second, LED invested relatively small initial investment will be 100 million plant, the domestic enterprises to enter the threshold of the low, easy to achieve a rolling development and manufacture of integrated circuits and liquid crystal panel manufacturers easily to tens of billions of billions of yuan in investment it is "insignificant" easier access to the domestic enterprises to form industrial clusters, of course, may also lead to vicious competition and to a certain stage of development of market integration; Third, the domestic market great, LED market is the next major general lighting market, the market capacity, end-consumer market, scattered and difficult to form a monopoly, a vast living space of domestic enterprises; Fourth, some companies have a core of intellectual property rights, such as crystalline silicon photovoltaic substrate can GaN-ray projects, Dalian Road, the area of the United States and the core of the chip technology, has global competitiveness of these enterprises on technology development in the demonstration effect easy to form and promote the healthy growth of the domestic business market; five, after maturity of the technology, LED downstream packaging and devices are labor-intensive production, the development of the mainland with the labor cost advantage. The development process from the LED industry, the global sales of LED according to the market is currently the largest mobile phone backlight market, with mobile phone sales growth slowing down, as well as the OLED screen on the mobile phone TFT-LCD screen to enhance the penetration of the global growth rate of the LED . Technological progress as a result of cost reduction in the current (and even pre-2010) is not enough to allow full access to general use LED lighting market, global growth will be the next notebook, LCD TV backlighting, and automotive markets with the car interior lamp backlight market. As the world's top five LCD panel (LG Philips, Samsung, AUO, CMO and Sharp) in a high level of LED technology, large production capacity in Japan, Taiwan and South Korea, domestic only BOE, polish electricity and the Five Dragon PV panels of three lines, the 4.5-generation Shanghai Tianma production line will be able to after the demand for LED backlighting, but the overall demand is not dominant, the domestic enterprises to enter the LCD panel backlight LED supply chain proceeds should not be too large backlit panel with mobile phone market is quite similar. Application of the Chinese market at this stage mainly in the architectural lighting, indoor and outdoor display, based on the above reasons, the main force of the next wave may be present in these markets, but in mobile phones, small size LCD backlight, automobile penetration will increase, and some scattered markets such as special lighting will open up even more (the cost of special lighting requirements for general lighting is not so harsh). After the replacement of a few years ago, LED traffic lights is very popular, as the LED's life is longer, the short term it is very difficult to replace in the event of large-scale work, which makes the LED traffic lights for a period of low demand period ; a large domestic sedan market, but higher, certification cycle length, as long as there is excellent product quality, domestic motor vehicle lights LED backlighting and a very large market demand and growth in demand in this market is relatively stable; and LED display its easy to assemble, low power consumption, high brightness, etc. has been widely applied to the banking, securities, squares, railway stations, sports venues, the future of this market there is still great potential for growth; in the Olympic Games, World Expo, a number of city night demonstration effect of the project, led by National Semiconductor Lighting Project, as well as the many favorable factors, such as the promotion of, the architectural lighting market is still a broad prospect. Generally speaking, a number of large international companies focused on high-end, more concentrated target market's "ready" market, as well as general lighting of the huge potential market, and some of the products will be relatively low technical requirements that the future control of the decentralized nature of the market so weak out of hand because of its large number of patents, do not worry about the future was out of the market at this stage not to pursue production capacity (per month to Nichia 500kk, Toyoda Gosei and Cree were 350kk and 300kk), and focus on technology to lead the market trend, When the technology is mature enough to be the size of the market into the general lighting, it is estimated that its production capacity will be rapidly and at the same time to reduce external licensing. This "center - periphery" of the competition is expected to maintain a long period of time. At present, the major manufacturers in the Mainland market, if the fear of chip exports will encounter two challenges: First, large international companies in patent litigation (mainly blue and white), in fact, as long as a certain size, regardless of the export and whether the patent will encounter challenges, but the export of patent litigation is more likely that a number of; Second, the competitiveness of other external vendors, especially manufacturers in Taiwan, Taiwan's traditional manufacturers followed their strategy - and technology to track the international companies, at the same time strongly improve productivity, reduce costs and production capacity in Taiwan the world's first chip, there are a number of other industries such as the giant Hon Hai, the Mau, the total being good to enter this area, can influence the future of Taiwan LED chip global market price fluctuations . Given the huge domestic market demand, domestic chip plants, even if it can rely on the domestic market of the development of an adequate, if the photovoltaic companies overseas unlimited access to domestic markets, domestic companies will face continued competitive pressures, which in the long-term domestic enterprises is a very negative statement. LED industry is growing at this stage, but also the layout of the LED makers a view of domestic, foreign investment in the Mainland to enjoy tax incentives, domestic enterprises to compete in an unequal position to enter the domestic market to foreign investors should be encouraged to set up factories in China to engage in outreach, chip core technology, such as enterprises, these enterprises can promote personnel training and raising the overall skill level; should be limited to those packages in the country, epitaxial, chip, such as part of the core technology for the occupation in the foreign market from the enterprise, Once such a business card in all core areas, and local enterprises do not enjoy the benefits of technological progress, development and limited space, I am afraid they will scramble to rely on price war, not so hard to curry favor with their own thing, so deal with only part of the current package in China to limit foreign investment, such as import tariffs levied on the chip. From the patent litigation is concerned, its not terrible, as long as our main competitors, have to pay, we still compete in the same starting line, Taiwan's major involving the blue and white LED chip factory in the growth process have experienced litigation LED , reached a settlement in the proceedings to obtain patents, continue to grow. The best response is to do at this stage a large-scale, access to patents, while at the same time strengthen its own R & D to improve the patent litigation in the bargaining power for cross-licensing. Domestic enterprises in terms of size, Xiamen San'an may usher in the growth of the first "baptism." The future industrial competitiveness will depend on two aspects, firstly, technology, including to improve light-emitting efficiency and lower the cost of technology to improve power device technology, the direction of the road there is an extension of existing technology, but also possible routes of new technologies; also including access to high-quality technology products, as well as external systems such as lighting design and technology-driven chip design; Second, the scale, on the one hand, due to large scale to reduce costs, the market strong bargaining power; On the other hand, compounds with IC wafer manufacture of silicon used is very different, even if an extension on the same production out of the chip performance may be quite different, which require relatively high consistency of application areas (such as a typical LCD backlight), the extension of an There is only a part of to meet the requirements, but large-scale enterprises, the number of levels of market structure, can be inconsistent with the requirements of a particular market deployment of chip products to another market, the company's total output to increase the efficiency of the full. LED industry a bright future, but only in the above-mentioned two aspects of the industry's leading enterprise is the future king. Conclusion: Company commented, domestic enterprises should be concerned about what? In the entire LED industry chain and which business concern? From the overall development process, the five companies most investment value. A class of intellectual property rights is a core business. Room for the development of such enterprises in the most broad-based domestic to Nanchang University established a joint private equity fund is the crystal can be a typical representative of photoelectric, photoelectric crystal can be made of silicon-based GaN epitaxial Blu-ray technology to the world's top three blue Light one process technology to break through foreign patents Nichia and Cree blockade, the company is set up near the current level of the industry need to be inspected; another Luming for Dalian, the company through the acquisition of American LED chip manufacturers to make chips AXT technology increases, access to more than 40 patented core technologies, as well as the technical team. In addition, Dalian Luming engaged in rare earth since the original light-emitting material, white in the synthesis of fluorescent powder used in the production of an edge, is one of the world production of only a few can produce light-emitting light-emitting materials can chip business. Moreover, the possibility of R & D Luming new rare-earth fluorescent powder, breakthrough Nichia, Osram white light technology, such as patents, for the domestic industry into the general LED lighting breakthrough in the last barriers! White LED lighting as long as the two major "stumbling block" - Blu-ray patent and white patent to make a breakthrough, the domestic LED industry a bright future ahead for the rest of the domestic industry is to test the ability of the industry. Other enterprises in the chip industry and technology to track more successful doing business. Ability to carry out the actual chip design and processing of green extension of a certain size and mainly concentrated in the Saman Xiamen, Dalian Road, United States (Luming subsidiaries), several companies such as士兰微, the current scale of production with LED-ray only Saman Xiamen. Xiamen, Taiwan MOCVD12 Saman, red chips per month can 1000kk, blue chip 200kk / month, technology in the domestic leading level, with full-color ultra-high brightness LED chip production capacity, sales revenue in 2006 nearly 300 million, the market was well received; Moreover, Taiwan's optoelectronics and informed Epistar to set up factories in Xiamen, the local formation of industrial clusters to enhance the capacity of industry and technical personnel supporting the flow of the importance of the development of the three also have an important role in promoting.士兰微capacity of the current blue-chip 100kk / months, the level of advanced chip technology, the company will be in August two new MOCVD, into two next year, capacity will be blue-chip 300kk / months, when available bright red and green and blue LED chips, LED chip sales in 2007 expected to reach 200 million, with a certain scale in the market have a certain brand;士兰微Another advantage lies in its traditional integrated circuit design companies in LED Driver IC design and manufacture can make a difference, the company's products have been launched in this regard, it士兰微also optimistic about the prospects for the development. Dalian Road in the industrialization of the United States also made a well-known, both intellectual property and the success of the industrialization of the characteristics of two types of development. The former two categories of enterprises are the core advantage of more concentrated, the investment value will first appear. The third type of enterprise is the best package of downstream businesses, such as Xiamen Hualian, Foshan State Stars electricity. The development of domestic-scale integrated circuits is a major feature of the area of local enterprise development package is better in the field of design and manufacture, it is estimated that in the field of LED packaging companies will also be a good development opportunities, or even faster than the upper and middle reaches of epitaxial chip business development, because the package can be purchased foreign chip companies to meet domestic market demand, while domestic enterprises will follow the road map chip technology progress. The field of LED, white LED light effect through the package to achieve some other color light source must also be packaged into a device for the terminal market, the level of packaging technology will directly determine the overall development of LED market! At present, mainly concentrated in the lower reaches of LED packaging industry, but the majority of low levels of enterprise package, leading to fierce competition, with the escalation of end markets, excellent downstream packaging increasingly strong brand, technology becoming more advanced, it is bound to come to the fore, the investment value of a to emb