中口笔译.ppt

EnjoyyourstayhereEnjoyyourstayhereArenas笔试总分分考试时间分钟分通过各部分分值：听力分分钟阅读分分钟英译汉分分钟汉译英分分钟注意：十分的卷面整洁分全部看翻译部分尽量少涂改画箭头严禁使用涂改液课程结构CE词汇是基础结构是关键翻译单位翻译结构EC达意为先推敲出彩笔译和口译哪个更难做？Interpretation短时间充分调动听力理解表达能力语言转换快速完成作用是交流因此不必字斟句酌Translation要经得起推敲遣词造句讲究准确优美目标：craftthebestversionandavoidtranslationese笔译和口译的对比“行百里者半九十”（《战国策秦策五》）Halfthepeoplewhoembarkedonamiles'journeymayfallbythewayside张璐ThelastpartofanendeavoristhehardesttofinishNutritionalexpertspointoutthatoncethetemperatureofmilkpowderishigherthandegrees,……:CD营养专家？dietitiannutritionist奶粉？powderedmilk怎么做翻译？JustdoitOrThemoreyoulearn,themoreyouforgetCE翻译单位理解词义：一词多义一义多词一词多义（尤其注意形容词名词作动词）快把这个包拿下来放到地上。他钓了条大鱼。我找到了一份好工作。骄傲会让你身败名裂。land：TobringtoandunloadonlandToset(avehicle)downonlandoranothersurfaceTocausetoarriveinaplaceorconditionTocatchandpullin(afish)Towinsecure这天织云喝了很多红酒喝醉了伏在饭桌上。苏童《米》PAtdinnerthatnightCloudWeavedranksomuchthatatonepointsherestedherheadonthetableHGoldblatt阿宝的一只手摁在织云丰满的臀部上两个人一起进了门。苏童《米》PWithhishandrestingonherhip,AbaoguidedherthroughthegateHGoldblatt我将它存在内心的宝库中。朱纯深Istoreitinthetreasuryhouseofmyheart王尔德看见那个男人喝住了狗回头用一种欣赏的目光直视她的脸。苏童《米》Shewatchedthemanquietthedog,thenlookupandleerather恨使人视而不见。朱纯深HateblindspeopleWilde年可谓多事之秋。黄仁宇《万历十五年》wasayearcrowdedwitheventsInfact,theinjurywastodoghimallhislife实际上这个伤病纠缠了他一生。他蹑脚走到窗前站在那儿听了一会儿。苏童《米》HetiptoeduptoeavesdropHGoldblatt一义多词（注意搭配）养牛feedthecattle养孩子raisethekid英语水平Englishproficiency游泳水平swimmingskill领导水平artofleadership生活水平livingstandard物价水平pricelevel我终于意识到这件事为何非做不可看来他并没有意识到有危险他们意识到上司不赞成我意识到我没有关掉电视神马‘意识到’都是‘realize’？很傻很天真！！！IcametorealizeintheendwhyitmustbedoneItseemsthatheisstillnotawareofthedangerTheywereconsciousthatthebossdisapprovedItdawnedonmethatIhadnotturnedofftheTV把这杯水倒了！Emptythecup!学到知识acquireknowledge温哥华（Vancouver)的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶其中包括多民族的贡献。错译分析：ThegloryofVancouveristhewisdomandthediligenceoftheVancouverpeopleandincludesthecontributionsofmanyethnicgroups改译：Vancouver'spropserityowestotheintelligenceanddiligenceofthepeoplethere,aswellastothecontributionsmadebymanyethnicgroups注：翻译中注意避免词的累赘加快经济改革的步伐toacceleratethepaceofeconomicreformtoaccelerateeconomicreform农业上取得了大丰收TherehavebeengoodharvestsinagricultureTherehavebeengoodharvests我们努力促进和平统一的事业。WemakegreateffortstopromotethecauseofpeacefulreunificationWemakegreateffortstopromotepeacefulreunification城镇和乡村人民的生活水平持续提高。LivingstandardsforthepeopleinbothurbanandruralareascontinuedtoriseLivingstandardsinbothurbanandruralareascontinuedtorise推荐书目：《中式英语之鉴》理解句义（直译VS意译）爱你没商量。Iloveyou,noproblemIloveyounoifs,andsorbuts欲穷千里目更上一层楼。Ifyouwanttoseemore,goupstairsThehigheronestands,thebroaderone'svisionis富贵不能淫。RichpeoplecannothavesexWemustresistthetemptationbroughtbywealthandhonor海内存知己天涯若比邻。Ifyouhavefriendswhoknowyourheart,distancewillnotkeepyouapart●好马不吃回头草▲Ifyouletafishoff,youletitoff●兔子不吃窝边草▲Neverfishinyourneighbor'spond●天涯何处无芳草▲Sheisnottheonlyfishintheocean高二那年他喜欢上了她但他知道她只把他当成蓝颜知己。他苦苦沉迷于暗恋之中。高考填报志愿那天他填了与她喜爱的南方相背驰的北方。交到老师那儿的时候偶然发她也填报了那个学校。他疑惑的问她为什么。她笑了用俏皮的语气说：你是我的蓝颜知己我做你的红粉佳人。You’retheboyonmymindandIwanttobethegirlinyourheart主语选择原则：尽量和原文的主语保持一致如果存在死译则可以进行增补主语或进行主语转换。主要还是看对原文的理解。海峡两岸的中国人都是骨肉同胞手足兄弟。TheChineseonbothsidesoftheTaiwanStraitareofthesamefleshandblood整个上午买米的人络绎不绝。苏童《米》CustomersstreamedintotheshopallthatmorningHGoldblatt增补主语的原则:推敲语境符合英语语法习惯增加主语‘it’itisdone客观事实代替主观观点我们常常注意到那些生活在或曾经生活在死亡阴影下的人无论做什么都会感到幸福。Ithasoftenbeennotedthatthosewholive,orhavelived,intheshadowofdeathbringamellowsweetnesstoeverythingtheydo没有人知道为什么凤姐这么厚颜无耻。Ithasneverbeenexplainedwhy'SisterFeng'issoshameless自从尼克松同癌症宣战以来已经有年了。IthasalreadybeenthreedecadessinceNixondeclaredawaroncancer增加主语“therebe”表示“发生有出现”好像有点不对头。Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwithit无锡近几年发生了重大变化。TherehavebeengreatchangesinWuxitheseyearsThepastfewyearshavewitnessedgreatchangeshappeninginWuxi无主语句子的增补第一类：表示自然现象和人类自身感受。一般可以加it或补充“人”的主语。下雨了。Itisraining累死我了。IamtiredexhausteddrainedfatiguedIttiredme第二类：类似祈使句的泛指人称句生了儿子吃啥有啥生了女儿有啥吃啥。Ifawomangivesbirthtoaboy,shecaneatwhatevershewantsif(awomangivesbirth)toagirl,shejusteatswhateverthereis弄得不好就会前功尽弃。Ifthingsarenotproperlyhandled,alleffortswillbewasted主语转换：中英主语区别：英语常用事物或抽象名词作主语这种句式往往带有拟人化色彩而汉语一般都用有生命的物体或具体名词作主语。柯平《英汉与汉英翻译教程》方法：在汉英翻译时为了连贯美化可尝试用事物或抽象名词来作主语。这几天我心里颇不宁静。朱自清《荷塘月色》Thepastfewdayshavefoundmeveryrestless张培基过去的十年间南京取得了飞速的发展。ThepasttenyearshavewitnessedrapiddevelopmentinNanjing自古以来一直有许多游客来到黄山探求其神秘惊叹其美景。FromancienttimestheYellowMountainhasbeenfrequentedbytouristsseekingitsmysteryandadmiringitsscenery弟兄们的恩德我永世不忘但这钱都是你们用命换来的我马方一文不带!《女票》Iwillneverforgetyourkindness,brothers,butyouriskedyourlifeforeverydollaryouhavegotIwon’tacceptonesinglepenny黄俊雄我心中冒起一阵恐惧到底是因为什么我也说不清。朱纯深Asenseofhorrorcameoverme,forwhatexactreasonIcouldnotmakeoutWilde村中闻有此人咸来问讯。《桃花源记》Asthewordsofhisarrivalspread,theentirevillageturnedouttogreethim罗经国要是你能收到这封信你在哪儿收到我真不知道。朱纯深Whereyoureceivethisletter,ifindeediteverreachesyou,Idon'tknowWilde诏书特下拜臣郎中李密《陈情表》Thenyourimperialedictcame,offeringmethepositionoflangzhong罗经国宋钢泪水涟涟浸湿了枕头。余华《兄弟》PSongGang'stearswerepouringdownhisfaceandsoakinghispillowEileenChengyinChow注：主语转换需要对语言有很深的认识短期之内难以立竿见影希望大家多多练习。但这其中有一类务必要记住无灵主语。无灵主语：一句话中如果前小句和后小句逻辑上有因果关系我们可以把其中之一的分句名词化也就是使用无灵主语。无灵主语有很强的拟人效果。▲中国经济蒸蒸日上这彻底改变了她们的生活。▲China'seconomyisdevelopingandthishaschangedtheirlives(tobenumberone)▲China'seconomyisdeveloping,whichhaschangedtheirlives(tobenumbertwo)▲AboomingeconomyinChinahastransformedtheirlives▲我努力学习最终在比赛中得到一个小奖。▲Myhardworkwonmealittleprizeinthecontest你想象力缺乏得可怕主要是你心中的仇恨造成的。朱纯深YourterriblelackofimaginationwasentirelytheresultofhatethatlivedinyouWilde▲他的英语很差大家都嘲笑他。▲HisEnglishwassopoorthateveryonelaughedathim▲HispoorEnglishmadeeveryonelaughathim他被种种灼热的思想折磨常常夜不能寐。苏童《米》ThefeverishthoughtsledtomanysleeplessnightsHGoldblatt他疲惫不堪天气也越来越热。他于是下了决心一碰到舒适阴凉处就坐下休息。Hiswearinessandtheincreasingheatdeterminedhimtositdowninthefirstconvenientshade翻译结构试译：下半夜三点我睡不着口渴难耐就摸着黑冒着寒冷下楼到起居室想找点水喝。朱纯深Atthreeinthemorning,unabletosleep,andtorturedwiththirst,Imademyway,inthedarkandcold,downtothesittingroominthehopesoffindingsomewaterthere缘溪行忘路之远近。《桃花源记》Oneday,herowedhisboatalongastream,unawareofhowfarhehadgone罗经国列坐其次一觞一咏《兰亭集序》Wesitinproperorder,sippingwineandcomposingpoems罗经国我不能爱上海与天津因为我心中有个北平。老舍《想北平》WithPeipingpossessingmyheart,IcanneverbecomeattachedtoeitherShanghaiorTianjin张培基林红美丽的身影和美丽的神态在黑暗里时隐时现让宋钢心驰神往。余华《兄弟》pLiHong'sbeautifulfigureandexpressionwouldflickerinandoutofviewinthedarkness,makingSongGanglongforherevenmoreEileenChengyinchow几个练习之后有什么感觉？自己的英语弱爆了？It'snormal因为我们对语言的认识不够。认识：散点思维（C）vs焦点思维（E）对于汉语多事件句的英译来讲原来的多事件句中的某个或某些子事件句从独立句层降格为从属句层甚至降格到词汇句层。就像构词压模一样这种跨语降级也是一个对原文多事件句语义信息的重新整理和压缩也不妨称之为跨语压模。刘华文具体技巧：找出主要事件（往往是主要动作）对次要事件（伴随原因状态方式感知存在等）进行压模。可采用分词形容词作状语（主语一致）独立主格（主语不一致）介词短语从句等……第二天她吃罢早饭便提了一盒点心到饭馆去向抻面师傅学习。许行《抻面条》Afterbreakfastthenextday,agiftboxofdessertsinhand,shewenttoseeahandpullednoodlechefinarestaurant,askinghimtoteachherthetricks黄俊雄（我们）乘电梯上二层楼候车厅已经开始检票了天天冲我挥挥手右肩背着装线团的袋袋左肩提行李箱随人流涌向一扇门。卫慧《上海宝贝》（我们）乘电梯上二层楼候车厅已经开始检票了天天冲我挥挥手右肩背着装线团的袋袋左肩提行李箱随人流涌向一扇门。卫慧《上海宝贝》Wewentuptheescalatortothesecondfloor,whereticketswerealreadybeingchecked,andthenTianTian,holdingthebagwithFurBallonhisrightandsuitcaseonhisleft,wavedtomeandfollowedtheflowofpeoplesurgingtowardtheplatform(TransbyBruceHumes)我无意间翻开报纸看到上面登了一则电文说是你哥哥你们真正的一家之主爵位的继承人家庭的栋梁被发现死在一道沟里面身边是他发射后的空枪。朱纯深Ihappenedtoopenthenewspaperandsawinitatelegramstatingthatyourelderbrother,therealheadofthefamily,theheirtothetitle,thepillarofthehouse,hadbeenfounddeadinaditchwithhisgunlyingdischargedbesidehimWilde迎春怀着孩子即将临盆不来送我情有可原但秋香没怀孩子年纪又轻不来送我让我心寒。莫言《生死疲劳》迎春怀着孩子即将临盆不来送我情有可原但秋香没怀孩子年纪又轻不来送我让我心寒。莫言《生死疲劳》Yingchunwasexpectingababyanyday,soIcouldforgiveherforstayinghomeButtheabsenceofQiuxiang,whowasyoungerandwasnotpregnant,bitterlydisappointedmeHGoldblatt黄山位于安徽省南部它宏伟庄严风光迷人是中国最著名的风景区。TheYellowMountain,locatedinthesouthernpartofAnhuiProvince,isChina’smostcelebratedmountainforallitsgrandeurandbeauty由于游戏开发商更加关注休闲游戏最受欢迎的几款游戏都是‘不伤人的’如创建电子城抽象智力游戏或是经营一支虚拟足球队。ECOWiththenewemphasisonmorecasualgames,someofthemostpopulartitlesinvolveinoffensivepastimessuchasconstructingelectroniccities,completingabstractlogicpuzzlesormanagingavirtualfootballteam邓小平安抚毛泽东曾激怒或威吓过的远近邻居,继续毛未完成的对美外交,和苏联修补沟通桥梁。DengplacatedthenearandnotsonearneighbourswhomMaohadangeredorterrified,continuinghisunfinisheddiplomacywithAmerica,andmendingbridgeswiththeSovietUnionECO李光头坐在他那远近闻名的镀金马桶上闭着眼睛开始想像自己在太空轨道上的漂泊生活四周的冷清深不可测。余华《兄弟》Perchedatophisfamouslygoldplatedtoilet,hewouldclosehiseyesandimaginehimselfalreadyfloatinginorbit,surroundedbytheunfathomablyfrigiddepthsofspaceEileenChengyinChow从明天起做一个幸福的人喂马、劈柴周游世界Fromtomorrowon,Iwillbeahappyman,grooming,choppingandtravellingaroundtheworldOedipuskilledboththeattendantandtheoldman,notknowingthelatterwashisrealfatherOedipus将车夫和老者都杀了他并不知道后者竟是自己的亲生父亲。在我那可怕的刑判下来之后当囚衣披上身牢房关上门我坐在自己灿烂的生活的废墟中痛苦使我肝胆俱裂恐惧使我不知所措疼痛又令我眼冒金星。朱纯深Aftermyterriblesentence,whentheprisondresswasonme,andtheprisonhouseclosed,Isatamidsttheruinsofmywonderfullife,crushedbyanguish,bewilderedwithterror,dazedinpainWilde第二天早晨我简直是身不由己地躲开你飞逃出国编了些荒唐的理由向家人说明我的仓促离去给仆人留下一个假地址怕你搭下一班火车尾随而至。朱纯深Ifoundmyselfactuallyflyingabroadnextmorningtoescapefromyou,givingmyfamilysomeabsurdreasonformysuddendeparture,andleavingafalseaddresswithmyservantforfearthatyoumightfollowmebythenexttrainWildeIrritatedbythisnegligence,Eristhrewagoldenappleamongtheguests,withtheinscription'forthemostbeautiful'Eris对这样的疏忽大发雷霆于是她往席间扔了一个金苹果上面刻着“献给最美丽的女人”。那厮好女色家贫人搓不能常得。Arenashasafondnessforwomen,butbeingpoorandugly,hecannotoftenwinthem乔布斯是美国最伟大的创新者之一他勇于与众不同地思考敢于相信自己能够改变世界并用自己的才华付诸实施。奥巴马StevewasamongthegreatestofAmericaninnovators,braveenoughtothinkdifferently,boldenoughtobelievehecouldchangetheworld,andtalentedenoughtodoit五龙的嘴角沾着些芝麻屑带着一种快乐的神情在店堂出出进进除了绮云的鄙视的眼光偶尔掠过并没有人注意五龙。苏童《米》Withbitofsesameseedsinthecornersofhismouth,hecarriedsackaftersackintotheshopwithagrowingsenseofelation,ignoredbyallbutCloudSilk,whooccasionallyglancedathimwithloathingHGoldblatt他们把量米袋子甩在肩上或夹在腋下等待过秤他们更关心米的价格和成色。苏童《米》Withfullsacksovertheirshouldersorundertheirarms,theywaitedtheirturnatthescales,wheretheyredirectedtheirattentiontothepriceandqualityofriceHGoldblatt她转过身泪流满面。《简爱》Sheturnedaroundwithtearsscaldinghercheeks他吃惊地张大了嘴巴。孙方友《女票》Hewasshocked,hismouthwideopen黄俊雄这一年到处听到灾荒的消息人们怀着焦虑和忧郁的心情把粮食大袋背回家。苏童《米》Withreportsoffamineincreasing,peoplecarriedtheirricehomefeelingatonceanxiousandmelancholy张居正虽丧妻多年但还是拥有不少女眷其中有些还是绝色佳人。黄仁宇《万历十五年》AlthoughChangChuchenghadbeenwidowedforanumberofyears,hehadapparentlymaintainedaharemofyoungwomen,someofthemnotedbeautiesRayHuang《Ayearofnosignificance》他心中震动非常紧紧地搂着老太太眼含热泪不胜爱怜地抚摸她的胳膊。许行《抻面条》Heheldhertightlyagainsthimashefondledherarmswithtenderaffection,hisheartquiveringandlovingtearswellingupArenas他们看见一个背被包卷的人像一只惊慌的兔子朝码头奔来他的脸色惨白脖子和鼻梁上沾着煤灰的印迹。苏童《米》Theysawhimrunuptothewharflikeascaredrabbit,abedrolloverhisback,hisfaceashen,neckandnosecoatedwithcoaldustHGoldblatt我有一所房子面朝大海春暖花开Ihaveahousefacingtheoceanwithflowersbloominginspring那个人衣冠楚楚绅士打扮他坐在沙发上看报纸嘴里叼着的是一支雪茄。苏童《米》PTheotherman,lookinglikeawelldressedmemberofthelandedgentry,wassittingonasofa,newspaperinhandandabigcigarinhismouth那家烟管套在一家澡堂内部进烟管需要从池子那里过。织云看见一些赤条条的男人在蒸气中走来走去。Thisparticularopiumden,locatedinabathhouse,couldonlybereachedbywalkingroundtheindoorpool,whereCloudWeavesawseveralmenwalkingnakedamidthesteam由于高拱被罢官免职张居正取而代之便理所当然。黄仁宇《万历十五年》WithKaoKungdismissed,Chang'ssuccessionbecameamatterofcourse很长时间里五龙的眼睛躲闪着大小姐织云他不敢看她薄薄的涂着口红的嘴唇更不敢看她丰满的扭动幅度很大的臀部。FiveDragonsstayedawayfromElderMistressCloudWeaveafterthat,afraidtolookatherthin,paintedmouth,andterrifiedtocontemplateherfleshyhips,whichmovedsoseductively大水现在应该退掉了。大水过后是大片空旷荒芜的原野以及东斜西歪的房屋狗在树林里狂吠。苏童《米》Thefloodwaterswouldhaverecededbythen,leavingbehindruinedcrops,fallenbuildings,andhomelessdogsbarkingfranticallyHGoldblatt他们两个人坐在那里相互看来看去他们都顾不上自己的孩子了宋凡平忍不住一眼又一眼从李兰浸湿的胸前扫过李兰也把宋凡平光着的上身看了又看他宽阔的肩膀和发达的肌肉让李兰浑身发热脸蛋通红。余华《兄弟》PThetwoofthemsatstaringateachother,nolongerpayinganyattentiontotheirchildrenSingFanpingcouldn'thelpstaringatLiLan'sbreasts,andshekeptlookingathisbarechesthiswideshouldersandcutmusclesmakingherblushEileenChengyinChow宋平凡也被自己的扣篮吓了一跳他在篮下怔住了紧接着当他知道自己刚才干了什么以后他睁圆了眼睛脸色紫红向着李兰奔跑过来他伸出双臂突然将宋钢和李光头高高举起。他举着他们两人跑向了篮板要不是宋钢和李光头吓得哇哇大哭这个得意忘形的男人真会把他们扔进篮筐。谢天谢地跑到篮下以后突然想起来们两个不是篮球他嘿嘿笑着又跑了回去把两个孩子放在地上后他意犹未尽一把抱起了李兰。一千多个人看着呢他竟然把李兰举了起来。余华《兄弟》PStunnedbyhisowndunk,SongFanpingstoodfrozenforamomentunderthenetAfterherealizedwhathehadaccomplished,herantowardLiLanandthekids,flushedandwideeyedHespreadhisarmsandliftedSongGangandBaldyLihighintothesky,thenheranwiththemtowardthebasketandwouldhavejoyfullytossedtheminiftheyhadn'tbeencryingsoloudlyFortunately,heeventuallyrecalledthattheywerenotbasketballsand,chuckling,ranbackandsetthemdownStilllostinthemoment,hethenliftedLiLaninfrontofathousandpeopleEC达意为先推敲出彩ThereareknownknownstherearethingsweknowweknowWealsoknowthereareknownunknownsthatistosayweknowtherearesomethingswedonotknowButtherearealsounknownunknowns–therearethingswedonotknowwedon'tknowRumsfeld“Life'sbutawalkingshadow,apoorplayerthatstrutsandfretshishouruponthestageandthenisheardnomoreItisataletoldbyanidiotfullofsoundandfurysignifyingnothing”Shakespeare人生不过是一个行走的影子春风得意时趾高气昂身陷低谷时垂头丧气登场片刻就在无声无息中悄然退下它是一