Discussion of the Phrases and expressions

Discussion of the Phrases and expressions (Lesson 1 Book 3): 1) to occur to / to dawn on/ upon: v. to begin to appear; to grow / become clear to the mind Examples: The truth began to dawn on him. It suddenly dawned on me that there was another thing that contributed to their economic success. It suddenly occurred to him that he had met the person before. It struck me that we ought to change the plan. 2) go through: a. to be passed or approved The Bill did not go through. b. to be concluded The deal did not go through. c. to discuss in detail Let’s go through the arguments again. d. to search The police went through the pockets of the suspected thief. e. to complete Let’s go through the exercises. f. to undergo; suffer He seemed to have forgotten all that he had gone through. g. to consume; use up It did not take Albert very long to go through his inheritance. h. to continue firmly to the end Knowing full well the difficulties the work involved, they were still determined to go through with it. Cf: pull through a. to make sth. or sb. through by pulling The eye of the needle is too small and I can’t pull the thread through. b. to survive a difficult or dangerous situation That newly liberated country is going to have a rough time, but it will pull through. c. to recover or help to recover from illness He was badly injured in the accident, but the doctors made every effort to pull him through. 3) in turn a. in reverse order The theory come from practice and in turn guides practice. 理论来源于实践，反过来又指导实践 b. one after another, especially in a particular order He asked each of us to describe in turn how television had affected our lives. 他要我们每个人依次描述一下电视是如何影响我们的生活的。 4) independent of / from: not dependent on or controlled by other persons or things Examples: If you have a car, you are independent from/of trains and buses. That’s an objective law independent from/of man’s will. Cf: Promotion is dependent on/upon one’s record of success. 5) freedom / free from: no longer having sth. you do not want Examples: The most important freedom our people should have is the freedom from hunger. An ideal society is one free from exploitation and oppression. Cf: freedom of: freedom from taxation免税 freedom from hunger免于饥饿 freedom of press/speech “We look forward to a world founded upon essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want… everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear… anywhere in the world.” ——Franklin D. Roosevelt 6) in / with relation to: as regards; concerning Examples: I have a lot to say in relation to that affair. The project was outlined with relation to available funds. 7) stand back: a. to stand to the rear The child stood back at the sight of the ferocious dog. b. to distance oneself mentally in order to understand or judge better 置身于一定距离之外考虑事物 Sometimes an administrator must stand back from day-to-day business to grasp the wider pattern of events. 管理者有时需要摆脱日常事务来掌握较全面的事态。 c. to withdraw or retreat from making discussions, influencing events, etc. 不参与，不介入 She ran the family and her husband stood back. You cannot stand back and allow such injustice to take place. 你不能袖手旁观让这种不公平的事情发生。 8）to bounce into: to walk into quickly and energetically 9) to go on to: to do sth. after completing sth. else cf: to go on doing sth.: to continue an activity without stopping 10) to drag one’s feet: v. to walk slowly and listlessly; 无精打采地 (figurative usage) to delay deliberately Examples: The local authorities are dragging their feet closing these coal mines. I can understand why they are dragging their feet over this reform. The reason is that it will affect their personal interests. 我现在知道他们为什么要拖延改革的进程了。原因就是改革会影响到他们的个人利益。 11) to come / grow to do: to begin to realize, understand, believe, feel or like sth. as a result of time or experience. 12) be equal to: v. be just as good as; having strength, courage, ability etc. for sth. Examples: Many of our products are equal to the best in the world. It is ridiculous to think one race is not equal to another because it has a different skin color. He is equal to doing this task. 13) in a different light: in a different way Examples: After I took that course, I began to see the world in a different light. What he did made us see him in a different light. in the light of: after considering (sth.) He decided to make further improvements on the computer’s design in the light of the requirements of customers. shed/throw a new light on: to make sth. clearer; provide new information These facts shed a new light on the matter. 14) at times: sometimes 15) for certain: ad. certainly; definitely; no doubt Examples: He is probably an accountant. I don’t know for certain. I can’t say for certain how much this car will cost. It must be in the neighborhood of two hundred thousand yuan.