---省略句[

nullnull 知识详解一、概述 在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，这种现象叫省略。如：知识详解 Beg you pardon.  Sounds like a good idea. （ I ）Beg you pardon.  ( It ) Sounds like a good idea..知识详解知识详解二、分类详解（一）简单句中的省略1、 省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。如：  Thank you for your help.  ( I ) Thank you for your help.简单句中的省略 Doesn’t matter.  ( It ) doesn’t matter.知识详解知识详解2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。如：  (There is) No smoking . （省略主语和谓语） （Will you) Have a smoke ?  What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea ? Why (do you) not say hello to him ?简单句中的省略知识详解知识详解3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be或have 。如：  –Are you going there? – Yes, I’d like to .简单句中的省略 He didn’t give me the chance, though he had promised to . –Are you an engineer? – No, but I want to . –He hasn’t finished the task yet. –Well, he ought to .(go there).(give me the chance).behave知识详解知识详解4、省略表语。如：  –Are you thirsty? – Yes, I am .简单句中的省略 His brother isn’t lazy, nor is his sister .(thirsty).(lazy).5、同时省略几个成分 。如：  Let’s meet at the same place as yesterday.(we met)同时省略主、谓语知识详解知识详解 –Have you finished your work ? –Not yet.简单句中的省略I have not finished my homework yet.I have not finished my homework yet.I have not finished my homework yet.知识详解知识详解 My brother is a doctor and my sister-in-law (is) a lawyer.并列中的省略（省略相同的谓语动词）1、两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 如：  When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter.(is getting)(is)省略相同的谓语动词（二）并列句中的省略知识详解知识详解1、主句中有一些成分被省略，如：  Sorry to hear you are ill.主从复合句中的省略 Pity that he missed such a good chance. –She must be busy now? --If so, she can’t go with us. –Do you think he will attend the meeting? --I guess not.( I’m ) ( It’s a )=he is busy=he won’t attend the meeting（二）复合句中的省略 （三）复合句中的省略 知识详解知识详解 －Are you leaving for Beijing this Sunday? －I think so.主从复合句中的省略soI’m leaving for Beijing this Sunday. －Tom must be free today. －If so. He can help us.sohe is free.2、主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so或not来代替，如： 知识详解知识详解 －It is going to rain, isn’t it? －I hope not.主从复合句中的省略notit is not going to rain.这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so.　及I suppose　/believe　/hope not. Why not?等等。知识详解知识详解其它形式的省略 We all know (that) the earth runs around the sun.(that)（四）其它形式的省略1、连词的that省略宾语从句中常省略连词that，但当有两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。  Mary said (that) she is from American and that she is 16 years old.(that)知识详解知识详解其它形式的省略（2） 在定语从句中，that, which, who在从句中作宾语时可省略。 I haven’t read the book (that/ which) you’re reading.(that/ which) The man (that/ who) your father just talked to is our English teacher, Mr. Smith.(that/ who)2、在以when, while, once引导的时间状语从句及以if, unless引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。2、在以when, while, once引导的时间状语从句及以if, unless引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。2、在以when, while, once引导的时间状语从句及以if, unless引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。知识详解 When asked what he had done, John just kept silent.知识详解其它形式的省略 When he was asked what he had done, John just kept silent. he If he is free, Jack will go with us. he was  If free, Jack will go with us. he is 知识详解 Unless invited, he won’t come.知识详解其它形式的省略 Unless he is invited, he won’t come. he While he is doing house work, my father often listens to music. he is While doing house work, my father often listens to music. he is he知识详解知识详解其它形式的省略3、不定式符号to的省略 My father often asks me to go to the market and to buy some vegetables.(to)（1）并列的不定式可省去后面的 to.（2）介词but前若有动词do（did, does, done)，后面的不定式不带 to，否则要带to.  He had no choice but to wait. to He had nothing to do but wait.wait前若有do后则无to，前若无do，后必带to知识详解知识详解其它形式的省略 I’d like to help (to) do it for you.(to)（3） help 作“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带。 He is kind enough to help me to do some work.(to)知识详解知识详解其它形式的省略（4）一些使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去 to, 但在被动语态中须将to 复原。 I noticed a man to enter the classroom when I passed by. A man was noticed to enter the classroom.to X 这类使役动词及感官动词主要有 这类使役动词及感官动词主要有一“感”:二“听”:三“让”:四“看”:feelhearlisten tohavemakeletwatchnoticeobservesee知识详解知识详解其它形式的省略 What he can do is to keep silent.(to)（6）主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的 to可带可不带。7、do 代替前文提到的动作 a. She has made more model planes than she did last year. b. My son didn't study so hard last term as he does now.高考真题高考真题1. — Would you like some more tea? — _______, please.（NMET2005，全国卷II，12） A. No more B. Just a little C. I’ve had enough D. Yes, I would2. — It’ll take at least 2 hours to do this! —Oh, _______! I could do it in 30 minutes. (NMET2005，上海 39) A. come on B. pardon me C. your are right D. don’t mention it高考真题高考真题3. — How about putting some pictures into the report? — _______ A picture is worth a thousand words. （NMET2005，江苏，24） A. No way. B. Why not? C. All right? D. No matter.4. When ____ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.” (NMET2005，福建，33) A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered高考真题高考真题5. — Why didn’t you buy the camera you had longed for? — I planed to, but I was ￡ 50 ____. （NMET2005，福建，34） A. fewer B. less C. cheap D. short6. — Would you mind my coming over and having a look at your new garden? My little son’s curious about those roses you grow.” — ______. You’re welcome. (NMET2005，湖北，25) A. Yes, I do B. Never mind C. Yes, please D. Not at all高考真题高考真题7. Tom: Mike, our team will play against the Rockets this weekend. I’m sure we will win. Mike: _____! （NMET2005，广东，21） A. Congratulations B. Cheers C. Best wishes D. Good luck8. Tara: This is Tara Patel from cotton House in Kidderminster. Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please? Smith: ______ (NMET2005，广东，22） A. Hello! B. I’m Mr. Smith. C. Who are you? D. Speaking高考真题高考真题9. — My family usually goes skating for vacation. I like skating, but I want to try something different this year. — _______ （NMET2005，重庆，22） A.Let’s go. B. Cheer up. C. Like what ? D. Take care.10. — Have you been to New Zealand? — No, I’d like to, _____. (NMET2005，山东，21） A. too B. though C. yet D. either高考真题高考真题11. — Could you do me a favor and take these books to my office? — Yes, _______ （NMET2005，山东，22） A. for pleasure B. I could C. my pleasure D. with pleasure12 . — Let’s go to a movie after work, OK? —_____ (NMET2005，山东，33） A. Not at all. B. Why not? C. Never mind. D. What of it?