英语专业八级写作应试辅导资料2012

Suggested Procedure & Time Allotment 3—5 Mins: Comprehending: understand the instruction of the writing task and predict what to write, an argumentation or an exposition. Underline the necessary requirements (usu. 2-4 items). Brainstorming and focusing: jot down any idea concerning the given topic. Sort out those ideas that are directly related to the topic. Organizing your ideas: take the usual organization and proportion. Avoid a 3-paragraph essay. Making a brief outline / a list of arguments on paper: Thesis sentence: controlling idea / main argument Topic sentence(s): supporting idea(s)/ argument(s): Think of the following items in mind or write down a few words as hints: How to begin the essay; Important example(s) or detail(s); How to conclude the essay. Combine the thesis as well as the hint of supporting ideas into the thesis sentence. Write the thesis sentence down on paper! Pause for 2 mins. Review the thesis sentence and the outline [Topic sentence(s), Important example(s) or detail(s)] and check if the thesis sentence is concise and essential all the ideas, examples or details digress from the requirements (underline!) 25-30 Mins.: Writing 3—5 Mins. Checking: look for and correct the following items in the composition: Inappropriateness in the title Sentence mistakes Grammar mistakes Mistakes in collocation, diction, contraction, punctuation, spelling, etc. Lecture 2 Understanding the Instruction A. With the internet connecting the world, the communication on line is much more diversified. Seemingly everyone could express his opinion freely, good or bad. But still some people voiced their objection to the freedom, for fear that it might lose control. What is your idea? Write an argument of about 350 words on the following topic: Should We Make a Law to Limit the Speech Freedom on the Internet? You are to write three parts. In the first part of your writing you should state clearly your main argument. In the second part, you should support your argument with appropriate details or examples. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary You should have an appropriate title for your essay . Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. B. TEM8—2002 Part V. WRITING (60 MIN.) All of us would agree that in order to be successful in the present – day society, we university graduates have to possess certain personal qualities that can enable us to realize our aim. What do you think is the most important personal quality of a university graduate? Write a composition of about 300 words on the following topic: THE MOST IMPORTANT PERSONAL QUALITY OF A UNIVERSITY STUDENT In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. C.TEM8—2001 Part V. WRITING (60 MIN.) The Internet is about to take off in China. As many as 9 million people are online, a number that is estimated to hit 20 million by the end of 2000. It is predicted that this phenomenal growth will have great impact on our society and economy. Choose ONE aspect of our society or economy where you think the impact will be most strongly felt , and write an essay entitled THE IMPACT OF THE INTERNET UPON … In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. TEM8 –1997 Part V. WRITING (60MINS) Some people hold the view that a student’s success in university study follows the same pattern as that of faming, which is characterized by the sowing the seeds, nurturing growth and harvesting the rewards’ process. Write an essay of about 300 words on the topic given below to support this view with your own experience as a university student. SOWING THE SEEDS, NURTURING GROWTH AND HARVESTING THE REWARDS In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary.  Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. Student’s Composition I. Should We Make a Law to Limit the Speech Freedom on the Internet? The Internet has tremendously transformed our way of life. People on line can talk to one another or make friends with unlimited freedom. While many people, the youth, in particular, enjoy this freedom of speech, some others begin to pour doubt on this unregulated freedom for possible chaos it may cause. Hence comes the heated debate on whether we should make a law to limit that freedom. In my opinion, we should make a law to limit the speech freedom on the Internet so as to check the spread of fabricated information and malicious argument. Those who stick to unrestrained speech freedom on the Internet must be well-intended or freedom is truly a blessing and an endless human pursuit. However, excessive freedom without supervision will benefit none, turning our society into a chaotic and unstable scene. (Counterarguments; Optional) Firstly, with proper supervision of the law, the rampant spread of false information can be checked. As a rule, we no longer confide our heart on the Internet for the fear of being cheated. We are really at a loss in amidst in a vast ocean of seemingly genuine opinions. However, the Internet now has been flooded with false information, fabricated stories since it will never identify the user. 举例子An incidence once grabbed the attention of many people. A man surnamed Dong said he had returned from 3-year hard military training only to find his wife had an affair with another man. So many people became enraged at this information. They poured sympathy on the man, denounced the wife sharply and even threatened to find her out. Nevertheless, when people’s anger subsided, the man claimed that it was all fabricated by him for pure fun. What a farce! 句式多变We feel our trust on the Internet become less. Secondly, the supervision from the law can prevent malicious argument on the Internet. People feel free to act since they will never be held responsible for any behavior on the net. So slight displeasure or uncomfortable thing would ignite their anger, which they will contain with sense in real life with the press of law. So the Internet has become a terrible scene, rife with fierce arguments. People with different opinions or favoring different stars will unhesitantly launch a personal attack, using bad language. So this tends to encourage intolerance and harm the harmony of our life. But if a law is to exist, people then know that he should act within its limits and be more sensible. Therefore, I think we should make a law to limit the freedom of speech on line. We can’t depend on people’s self-control completely. Rather a law will make people keenly aware that in virtual world one is also not without certain responsibilities and obligations. II. Should We Make a Law to Limit the Speech Freedom on the Internet? With the Internet spreading throughout the whole world, the speech freedom on the Internet is pushed into spotlight. A lot of people pay great attention to this issue in that it is one of common interest. Some people compared the speech freedom to the Pandora’s Box, and accused it of spreading gloom, and so they are agitating for a law to limit the speech freedom on the Internet. However, from my perspective, I am not in favor of using such a tight rein as a law to limit the speech freedom, because a law can’t solve the problem once and for all. It is not feasible and a democratic society should guarantee the public’s speech freedom. Those people who are advocating a law think the speech freedom on the Internet is a potential danger. On the Internet, one can openly express his objection to the government, or spread gloom ideas such as committing suicide and so on. Therefore, they are frightened and flee to safety of a law. (Counterarguments; Optional) Although their worries are justified in some degree/ to some extent and there is no speech freedom without bounds in the world, I still believe just a law cannot solve the problem from the root. First, even if there is a law to limit the speech freedom on the Internet, these gloomy ideas will still exist. And they can resort to other ways to spread gloom such as newspaper or even short messages. And what’s worse, a law will kindle their anger to violate the law, continuing to express bad ideas. Secondly, it is not feasible to carry out a law to limit the speech freedom on the Internet. The Internet is a world without limits, and one can open a topic without using his real name and address. So if his words violate the law, the police can’t find the person who he is and don’t know how to locate him. Thirdly, the onset of a democratic society needs to guarantee the speech freedom of the public. The government should take a tolerant attitude to this issue. The Internet is a platform for the public to express their ideas freely, and discuss the national issues openly. If there is some anger, resentment and other bad ideas, government should take a soft and humane measure to guide the public rather than oppress them. A tough measure will not work and will not be helpful to construct a democratic country. I think we should not only focus the dark side of the speech freedom on the Internet. Most of the time, the speech freedom leads to a brainstorming discussion. Admittedly, some people will criticizing some social phenomenon, and in my opinion, those criticize will help our government to make progress. For those people who spread gloom at random, government should teach them to be responsible for their words. What’s more, we should have confidence in our netizen, most of they are capable of distinguish right from wrong. In words, humane measure will lead to a healthy and harmonious Internet environment, but not a law to limit public’s speech freedom on the Internet. B. TEM8—2002 The Most Important Personal Quality of a University Student In the battles of finding jobs, to most university graduates,插入语 the law of the jungle often prevails. To survive, one should have some personal qualities preeminent above his (her) rivals. But what is the most important personal quality that we should be equipped with? Some may say confidence, others perseverance. There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people's eyes. To my point of view, dedication outweighs the other qualities for university students to succeed in highly competitive society in that it helps university students persist on their study, adhere to their goals, and better perform their duty after stepping into the society. To begin with, dedication helps students persist on their professional study. It is commonly found that enrolled in university, students are always enticed by various false impressions, say more abundant free time, lighter courses, and tend to waste their time over leisure activities and wandering around. Therefore, it is important for us to fully aware of students’ responsibility to acquire professional skills via four-year college life and dedicate to our study. With dedication to academic study, we can prepare ourselves well for the highly-demanding professional studies and remove obstacles we encountered with in our learning process. In other words, dedication helps us persist on our boring yet demanding schoolwork so we can obtain professional skills, which are required for career life and ensure our competitiveness and success in job-hunting market. Furthermore, dedication helps students adhere to their goals. One’s dedication to his (her) goal is the best guarantee to success. Once set up a goal, one must devote all his efforts to realize it. Yet, nothing is as easy as blowing off the dust, so does achieving our goals. Dedication to the setting goals will strengthen our confidence and belief that however the goal is difficult to achieve, whatever difficulties we doom to encounter with, we will succeed in the end. That is to say, dedication to our goal is like a guarantee to ensure we can exert all our efforts in achieving our goals. The last but not the least, dedication helps students better perform their duties in future career life. No boss is willing to see their slothful employees, or those opportunists. I can hardly imagine that an employee idling around in the office, gossiping about rumors will be successful. Only those who have dedicated all their heart in their work and compassed their tasks effectively can catch the chance of promotion and become success. To conclude, dedication should be an essential personal quality for us university graduates to become success in that it does help not only to our academic study at present, but help us stick to our goal, and perform our duty as we step into the society. Without dedication, one cannot settle down to calmness and become successful. C.TEM8—1997 TEM8-- 1997 University Study vs. Farming Some people have it that a student’s performance in university study is of vital importance in deciding the rest leg of his entire life course. To achieve a success in university study is just like achieving a bumper harvest in farming which, in accordance with the agricultural conventions practiced for many centuries in history, follows a pattern characterized by “sowing the seeds, nurturing growth, and harvesting the rewards” process. Either in farming practice or academic endeavour, “sowing the seeds” is the first and foremost step. In anticipation for a bumper harvest by the coming autumn, the farmer has to plough the field, buy the seeds, and then sow them evenly into the soil. The farmer has to be very selective. The similar is true with university study. The particular student starts by evaluating himself from an objective perspective: what branches of learning his own interests may be in favour of, and in what way it will affect his choice on professions. After this process of self-evaluation, it is about time for the student to set himself a goal—to sow the seeds of his dreams, which, if well-directed, will serve as a guiding star in his later endeavour. The second phase that immediately follows the first is called “nurturing growth”. In addition to watering them adequately and seasonably, he must provide sufficient varied nutrition for their growth and carefully observe the changes. Similarly, the student at the beginning of this step is to set up a reasonable growth-schedule for his seeds of dreams, and what’s more important, to stick fast to it. He is required to summarize his academic performance on a periodic basis, finding out his strong points as well as weak ones. On the other hand, he must learn to develop a proper manner in facing short-range success or setbacks: neither with extravagant contentment or pride nor with too much discouragement or despair. A resolution made needs the maker’s devotion to evolve into a reality. Suppose that such is the endeavour either the farmer or the student has made in the previous two steps, both of them deserve whatever rewards God will grant them. Nothing less than a bumper harvest, say, big sweet fresh fruits or full aromatic brilliant grains, will be enough when the farmer’s toil in the field is justly considered. Certainly, the industrious university student is not worth any the less. In a narrow sense, he is able to finish all the required courses, pass the examinations, and finally receive a certificate or have a degree conferred on him. In a broad sense, he will be able to make out of himself above all a wise man of accomplishment and intelligence, a complete man of sensibility and perception, a worthy man in the world acknowledged as knowledgeable and respectable. Its striking similarity to the pattern followed by a farmer in achieving a bumper harvest sheds light on how a student can endeavour to achieve a success in university study. If adopted to good advantage, this pattern of process, I can surly say, will help the student make his university life more purposeful, more meaningful and therefore more gainful. Lecture 3 Organizing Ideas According to Writing Tasks In This Lecture Different Types of Writing Tasks Organizational Pattern of Exposition Two Forms of Argumentation Samples Different Types of Writing Tasks Organizing Ideas According to Different Types of Writing Tasks Note: You should be familiar to the following forms and are expected to choose the proper form to convey your ideas during the writing test. But the forms are modifiable according to the nature of the problem you are discussing, the readers, the situation, the purpose of the writer, and above all, the instruction of the writing task. Organizational Pattern of Exposition A. Introduction Background Information---------(A Transition)--------The Thesis Statement The Thesis Statement: controlling idea + a brief summary of aspects to be developed in the body part B. Body Topic Sentence (First Idea) ----[sub-idea 1]-----One or Two Supporting Details ----[sub-idea 2-----One or Two Supporting Details……] Topic Sentence (Second Idea) ----[sub-idea 1]-----One or Two Supporting Details ----[sub-idea 2-----One or Two Supporting Details……] [Topic Sentence (Third Idea) ----[sub-idea 1]-----One or Two Supporting Details ----[sub-idea 2-----One or Two Supporting Details……] C. Conclusion A General Statement to Wind Up the Discussion in the Body Part----------(Transition)-----------A Closing Statement for Special Emphasis or Suggestion ※The parts in square brackets (e.g. [sub-idea 1]) indicate the optional parts. Two Forms of Argumentation The forms of argumentation depend on what we want to accomplish in our essay. We might wish to convince our community that it would benefit from an arts center or a professional hockey team. Or we might hope to persuade others to adopt our political or religious views. In such cases, we would write a proposition argument, organizing our ideas in much the same way as in expository essays: a thesis stating our position, followed by supporting reasons and evidence. Our evidence here would be on how readers would benefit. Proposition Argument (I) Title (Chosen subject) Introduction: Orientation: Introduction to a restricted subject. Why is it important to our readers? Thesis: Statement of proposition A debate — the opinions both for and against the debate — our opinion (argumentative thesis) Body First supporting argument — Evidence or supporting material—Evidence or supporting material Second supporting argument — Evidence or supporting material—Evidence or supporting material Third supporting argument — Evidence or supporting material—Evidence or supporting material Conclusion Restatement of the proposition Appeal for action Arrangement of evidence according to the order of importance Climactic order (suggested) Anti-climactic order Proposition Argument (II) Title (Chosen subject) Introduction: Orientation: Introduction to a restricted subject. Why is it import