Totally Integrated Enterprises 9

135 Appendix B: Glossary of Operational Definitions Advertising push: Use of advertising to make something visible in the marketplace with the hope of attracting customers. Autonomous function: A function that is able to execute successfully with only the inputs provided, without depending on the state of other enterprise components. Benchmark(ing): To determine a state or characterize something for use in making comparisons, achieving definition, or establishing a reference basis (e.g., capability or performance levels of a set of similar products offered by competing companies). Business rule(s): Guidelines, requirements, definitions, relationships (including mathematical relationships), and interpretations that reflect, determine, model, or otherwise represent business con- siderations. Champion(s): Individuals who initiate, defend, foster, and clear obsta- cles impeding an activity, program, or operation. Continuous improvement: The philosophy and practice of improving, or making something better, on an ongoing basis. Core: Fundamental, unique, and/or characteristic that an enterprise iden- tifies as those things without which the enterprise loses its competitiveness identity or distinctiveness. Core competency(-ies): The set of capabilities, experiences, facilities, strengths, expertise, employee talent, and related things that © 2001 by Raytheon Professional Services LLC 136 � Totally Integrated Enterprises are sufficiently unique and valuable to distinguish one enter- prise from another and that induce customers to choose one enterprise over another Core processes: Proprietary processes that provide unique products (goods + services) that appeal to customers and thereby enable the enterprise to successfully compete. Core resource(s): Those portions of the human, financial, and physical basis of operation that are unique and enable the enterprise to successfully complete product programs Enterprise: A unit of economic organization or activity; especially a business organization. Enterprise component: A process — together with its allocated resources — that has a clear and reusable function and that is capable of interacting with one or more other enterprise com- ponents across predefined interfaces and in accordance with business requirements. Enterprise leadership: The processes, personnel, and resources con- cerned with the executive function of an enterprise. Enterprise system: A perspective in which an enterprise is considered as a complex system. Executable component(s): Defined processes — together with their allocated resources — that have clear and reusable functions that are capable of being repeatedly performed. Extended enterprise: An abstract superset comprised of two or more enterprises. Extended enterprise chain: An extended enterprise assuming a struc- ture resembling a linked chain, hierarchy, or other ordered structure. Flexible architecture: A design that allows modifications to be made to its (1) element interconnection structure, (2) functional struc- ture — while remaining within the limits of the overall design. Forward edge of the business: That business activity concerned with the acquisition of market information and new business. Framework: (1) A reference system for describing and comparing enter- prise architectures; (2) the foundations and skeletal structure of an architecture. Functional block: A building block, component, or other entity that performs one or more functions. Functional organization: An organization whose role and/or reason for being is to perform some function(s). Generic architecture: A simplified, nonspecific structural design used as an abstraction, or as a model, of multiple structural designs (that may differ considerably when considered in specific © 2001 by Raytheon Professional Services LLC Appendix B: Glossary of Operational Definitions � 137 detail), which embodies aspects common or otherwise appli- cable to the set of designs it represents. High-level architecture: A structural design that embodies only the largest aspects, elements, or considerations of greatest import with respect to the entity under consideration. IDEF0 Methodology: That approach, technique, or method of struc- tured analysis, design, and modeling that utilizes, or is known as, IDEF0. Interaction(s): Mutual or reciprocal actions or influences exerted by/on/among two or more things, whether directly or indirectly. Interface(s): Any occurrence of a flow of something from one thing to another involving the crossing of the boundaries of the entities involved. Kanban: A pull signal used to indicate that more material is required. A just-in-time manufacturing technique, a Kanban was originally a card placed near the end of a production lot — an operator, upon reaching the card, would place it in a position visible to material handlers who would bring the next lot of material to the operator’s station, just in time. Margin(s): (100 %) × [(Product Selling Price) – (Product Cost)] / (Product Cost). Methodology: A body of procedures, rules, methods, and postulates employed by some discipline. Metric(s): A standard or measure. Shared Processes: Processes applicable to and usable in multiple con- texts. Simulation The modeling or representation of the dynamics of one system using another. Unique processes: Processes that are not replicated or replicable out- side the enterprise possessing them. Validation: One or more of (1) inspection, (2) analysis, (3) demonstra- tion, and (4) test, performed to verify requirements, designs, or product. © 2001 by Raytheon Professional Services LLC Appendix B: Glossary of Operational Definitions