第06章_VRRP协议

???????? ???? Copyright © 2003 Maipu Communication. All Rights Reserved. 1 ??? VRRP?? ?????? VRRP????????? ??????? ¾ VRRP???????? ¾ VRRP???? ¾ ????????? 6.1 VRRP???????? VRRP???????????Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol?? Master??VRRP?????????????????????? IP?????? Backup??VRRP??????????????????????????????????? 6.2 VRRP???? VRRP????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? A????????????????????? A???? ????????? A????????????????????? VRRP???????????????????????????????????????VRRP ???????????????MASTER???? BACKUP?????????????????? ???? ??????????????????? IP???????????????? IP?????? ???????????????? IP ????????????? MASTER ???? IP ???? BACKUP???? IP??????????????????????? IP???????????? ???????????????????????????? MASTER ????????????? ? BACKUP???????????MASTER????????????????????????? ???????? ???? Copyright © 2003 Maipu Communication. All Rights Reserved. 2 ???????????????? 6.2.1 VRRP? TCP/IP??????????? VRRP????? IP??????? 112?0x70?? 6.2.2 VRRP????? VRRP???????? Verion??????? 2? Type??????? 1??? ADVERTISEMENTS VRID?????? vrid?Virtual Router Identifier (VRID)? Priority??????? priority????? IP ???????VIP ???? IP ??????priority ?? 255????????? 1?254???? 100? Count IP Addr??? IP?????????? 1? AuthType?????? 0?????AuthData???? 0? 1???????? 2?MD5??? ???????? ???? Copyright © 2003 Maipu Communication. All Rights Reserved. 3 Advertise Interval?ADVERTISEMENT??????????????? 1?? IP Address??? IP??? Checksum????? Auth Data??? 8?????? 8?? 0? 6.2.3 VRRP??????? ?????VRRP???????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? VRRP???????????????????? IP????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? VRRP ???????????VRRP ??????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? VRRP????????????????Initialize???????Master???????Backup?? ???????????????? IP???????????? RFC2338 ???? VRRP ???? Cisco????? HSRP ???????????? ?? VRRP ??? HSRP??????????????????????????????? HSRP?????? ????????? VRRP????????????????????????HSRP??????? ??????? VRRP ??? Master ??????????????????????,??????? HSRP????? UDP?? VRRP?????? IP??????? VRRP?????? IP?????? ?? IP??? VRRP?????? VRID???????????????????????????????? ?????????????? VRRP????????????????????????????? ?????????? 1??????????????????????????????? Master????????? ??????? IP????? IP???????????? 2??????????????????????????????????????????? ???????? ???? Copyright © 2003 Maipu Communication. All Rights Reserved. 4 ?? VRRP?????224.0.0.18???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????Master?????????????? ?????????????????????????? VRRP????????????????? ?????????? VRRP ??????????????? Backup?????????????? ??????????????????????????????? VRRP?????? ?????????????????????Initialize???????master???????backup?? MASTER?? ¾ ?????????? IP??? ARP????? ARP????????? IP?????MAC ??? ¾ ???????? IP?????? ¾ ?????? IP?????? IP ???????? IP??????? ¾ ??????? IP?????? ??????? IP???????? ¾ ???????????????? ¾ ???????? master???????? ARP??? BACKUP?? ¾ ?????????? IP??? ARP??? ¾ ???? ?? IP???????? IP?? ???? ¾ ?????????????????????? INITIALIZE?? ¾ ??? startup???????? ????????? ???????? ???? Copyright © 2003 Maipu Communication. All Rights Reserved. 5 6.2.4 VRRP????? VRRP????????? ¾ ??????????????? IP?????????????????????????? VRRP?????? ¾ ??????? VRRP???????????????????????????????? ????????? IP???????????? ¾ ??????VRRP ??????????????????????????VRRP ???? ??????????no authentication?????????simple clear text passwords?? MD5 ?? ?MD5?? ???????????????????? NO????????? VRRP ??????????????? VRRP???????????????????????? ???????? ???? Copyright © 2003 Maipu Communication. All Rights Reserved. 6 ? VRRP?????????????????????????????????????? ??????? SIMPLE???? VRRP??????????????? VRRP?????? ? VRRP??????????? VRRP???????????????????????? ?????????? VRRP ????????????????????? ??????? ????????????????MD5??????????? Authentication Header??? ?????MD5???? VRRP??????? 6.3 ????????? 1. ???? debug ip vrrp packet ??????? vrrp?????? 9:54:48: VRRP 1: Send advertisement priority 100 ???????? VRRP???VRID?? 1????? 100? 1d14h: VRRP: fastethernet0 receive packet from 128.255.17.54 1d14h: VRRP: Version 2, Type 1, Vrid 1, Priority 100, AuthType 0, Adver_Interval 1 ?????? f0???? vrrp??????????????? 2. ???? debug ip vrrp events ???????????? VRRP????????? 20:00:18: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface fastethernet0, changed state to down 20:00:18: VRRP: fastethernet0 happen UP/DOWN 20:00:18: VRRP 1: Shutdown event happen 20:00:18: VRRP 1: Change state to INIT VRRP??? INIT??? ???????? ???? Copyright © 2003 Maipu Communication. All Rights Reserved. 7 20:00:28: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface fastethernet0, changed state to up 20:00:28: VRRP: fastethernet0 happen UP/DOWN 20:00:28: VRRP 1: Startup event happen 20:00:28: VRRP 1: Change state from INIT to BACKUP VRRP??? BACKUP??? 20:03:32: VRRP 1: Timeout event happend 20:03:32: VRRP 1: Change state from BACKUP to MASTER VRRP???MASTER???