实战Linux_Nginx_PHP_MYSQl安装教程本人亲测可用,只要你按照步揍一步一步来一定能安装成功

　　安装步骤： 　　（系统要求：Linux 2.6+ 内核，本文中的Linux操作系统为CentOS 5.3，另在RedHat AS4上也安装成功） 　　一、获取相关开源程序： 　　1、【适用CentOS操作系统】利用CentOS Linux系统自带的yum命令安装、升级所需的程序库（RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包，进行安装）： sudo -s LANG=C yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers 　　2、【适用RedHat操作系统】RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包（事先可通过类似“rpm -qa | grep libjpeg”的命令查看所需的RPM包是否存在，通常是“xxx-devel”不存在，需要安装）。RedHat可以直接利用CentOS的RPM包安装，以下是RPM包下载网址： 　　①、RedHat AS4 & CentOS 4 　　http://mirrors.163.com/centos/4/os/i386/CentOS/RPMS/ 　　http://mirrors.163.com/centos/4/os/x86_64/CentOS/RPMS/ 　　②、RedHat AS5 & CentOS 5 　　http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/ 　　http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/ 　　③、RPM包搜索网站 　　http://rpm.pbone.net/ 　　http://www.rpmfind.net/ 　　④、RedHat AS4 系统环境，通常情况下缺少的支持包安装： 　　Ⅰ、i386 系统 wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/libjpeg-devel-6b-33.i386.rpm rpm -ivh libjpeg-devel-6b-33.i386.rpm wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.i386.rpm rpm -ivh freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.i386.rpm wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.i386.rpm rpm -ivh libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.i386.rpm 　　Ⅱ、x86_64 系统 wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/libjpeg-devel-6b-33.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh libjpeg-devel-6b-33.x86_64.rpm wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.x86_64.rpm wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.x86_64.rpm 　　3、【适用CentOS、RedHat及其它Linux操作系统】下载程序源码包： 　　本文中提到的所有开源软件为截止到2010年07月26日的最新稳定版。 　　①、从软件的官方网站下载： mkdir -p /data0/software cd /data0/software wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz wget http://www.php.net/get/php-5.2.14.tar.gz/from/this/mirror wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.he.net/ wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0" wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0" wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.5.tgz wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0" wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.10.tar.gz wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/0.9.6.1/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-2.3.0.tgz 　　②、从blog.s135.com下载（比较稳定，只允许在本站，或者在Linux/Unix下通过Wget、Curl等命令下载以下软件）： mkdir -p /data0/software cd /data0/software wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.14.tar.gz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-8.10.tar.gz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.3.0.tgz 　　二、安装PHP 5.2.14（FastCGI模式） 　　1、编译安装PHP 5.2.14所需的支持库： tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.13.1/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make make install cd ../ tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/ ./configure make make install /sbin/ldconfig cd libltdl/ ./configure --enable-ltdl-install make make install cd ../../ tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ ./configure make make install cd ../ ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz cd mcrypt-2.6.8/ /sbin/ldconfig ./configure make make install cd ../ 　　2、编译安装MySQL 5.5.3-m3 /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql tar zxvf mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz cd mysql-5.5.3-m3/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg make && make install chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql cd ../ 　　附：以下为附加步骤，如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库，则执行以下几步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库，能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库，那么，以下两步无需执行。 　　①、创建MySQL数据库存放目录 mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/data/ mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/binlog/ mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/ chown -R mysql:mysql /data0/mysql/ 　　②、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表： /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --datadir=/data0/mysql/3306/data --user=mysql 　　③、创建my.cnf配置文件： vi /data0/mysql/3306/my.cnf 　　输入以下内容： 引用 [client] character-set-server = utf8 port    = 3306 socket  = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] character-set-server = utf8 replicate-ignore-db = mysql replicate-ignore-db = test replicate-ignore-db = information_schema user    = mysql port    = 3306 socket  = /tmp/mysql.sock basedir = /usr/local/webserver/mysql datadir = /data0/mysql/3306/data log-error = /data0/mysql/3306/mysql_error.log pid-file = /data0/mysql/3306/mysql.pid open_files_limit    = 10240 back_log = 600 max_connections = 5000 max_connect_errors = 6000 table_cache = 614 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet = 32M sort_buffer_size = 1M join_buffer_size = 1M thread_cache_size = 300 #thread_concurrency = 8 query_cache_size = 512M query_cache_limit = 2M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k default-storage-engine = MyISAM thread_stack = 192K transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED tmp_table_size = 246M max_heap_table_size = 246M long_query_time = 3 log-slave-updates log-bin = /data0/mysql/3306/binlog/binlog binlog_cache_size = 4M binlog_format = MIXED max_binlog_cache_size = 8M max_binlog_size = 1G relay-log-index = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog relay-log-info-file = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog relay-log = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog expire_logs_days = 30 key_buffer_size = 256M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover interactive_timeout = 120 wait_timeout = 120 skip-name-resolve #master-connect-retry = 10 slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396 #master-host     =   192.168.1.2 #master-user     =   username #master-password =   password #master-port     =  3306 server-id = 1 innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:256M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 128M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_file_per_table = 0 #log-slow-queries = /data0/mysql/3306/slow.log #long_query_time = 10 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M 　　④、创建管理MySQL数据库的shell脚本： vi /data0/mysql/3306/mysql 　　输入以下内容（这里的用户名admin和密码12345678接下来的步骤会创建）： #!/bin/sh mysql_port=3306 mysql_username="admin" mysql_password="12345678" function_start_mysql() {     printf "Starting MySQL...\n"     /bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & } function_stop_mysql() {     printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"     /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown } function_restart_mysql() {     printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"     function_stop_mysql     sleep 5     function_start_mysql } function_kill_mysql() {     kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' |grep ${mysql_port} |awk '{printf $2}')     kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' |grep ${mysql_port} |awk '{printf $2}') } if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then     function_start_mysql elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then     function_stop_mysql elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then function_restart_mysql elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then function_kill_mysql else     printf "Usage: /data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}\n" fi 　　⑤、赋予shell脚本可执行权限： chmod +x /data0/mysql/3306/mysql 　　⑥、启动MySQL： /data0/mysql/3306/mysql start 　　⑦、通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器（提示输入密码时直接回车）： /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock 　　⑧、输入以下SQL语句，创建一个具有root权限的用户（admin）和密码（12345678）： GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678'; 　　⑨、（可选）停止MySQL： /data0/mysql/3306/mysql stop 　　3、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式） tar zxvf php-5.2.14.tar.gz gzip -cd php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.14 -p1 cd php-5.2.14/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' make install cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini cd ../ 　　4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块 tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz cd memcache-2.2.5/ /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../ tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/ /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../ tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/ /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql make make install cd ../ tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/ ./configure make make install cd ../ tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz cd imagick-2.3.0/ /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../ 　　5、修改php.ini文件 　　手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./" 　　修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/" 　　并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存： 　　extension = "memcache.so" 　　extension = "pdo_mysql.so" 　　extension = "imagick.so" 　　再查找output_buffering = Off 　　修改为output_buffering = On 　　再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0 　　修改为cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞。 　　自动修改：若嫌手工修改麻烦，可执行以下shell命令，自动完成对php.ini文件的修改： sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\nextension = "imagick.so"\n#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s#; always_populate_raw_post_data = On#always_populate_raw_post_data = On#g" /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s#; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#g" /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini 　　6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP： mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini 　　按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息： 引用 [eaccelerator] zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so" eaccelerator.shm_size="64" eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache" eaccelerator.enable="1" eaccelerator.optimizer="1" eaccelerator.check_mtime="1" eaccelerator.debug="0" eaccelerator.filter="" eaccelerator.shm_max="0" eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600" eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600" eaccelerator.shm_only="0" eaccelerator.compress="1" eaccelerator.compress_level="9" 　　7、创建www用户和组，以及供blog.s135.com和http://www.s135.com/两个虚拟主机使用的目录： /usr/sbin/groupadd www /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/blog chmod +w /data0/htdocs/blog chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/blog mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www 　　8、创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）： 　　在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件： rm -f /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 　　输入以下内容（如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的0改为1，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页）：   All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix   

    Pid file     /usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid     Error log file     /usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log     Log level     notice     When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...     10     ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.     Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.     1m     Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master     5s     Set to 'no' to debug fpm     yes   

       

      Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.       default       Address to accept fastcgi requests on.       Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'       127.0.0.1:9000                Set listen(2) backlog         -1         Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.         In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.         Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.                           0666              Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.                /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i         0              Unix user of processes       www       Unix group of processes       www       Process manager settings                Sets style of controling worker process count.         Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'         static         Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.         Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.         Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi         Used with any pm_style.         128         Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style                    Sets the number of server processes created on startup.           Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected           20           Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.           Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected           5           Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.           Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected           35                       The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated       Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason       '0s' means 'off'       0s       The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file       '0s' means 'off'       0s       The log file for slow requests       logs/slow.log       Set open file desc rlimit       65535       Set max core size rlimit       0       Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path              Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path              Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.       If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs       yes       How much requests each process should execute before respawn.       Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.       For endless request processing please specify 0       Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS       1024       Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.       Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)       Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.       127.0.0.1       Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH       All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment                $HOSTNAME         /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin         /tmp         /tmp         /tmp         $OSTYPE         $MACHTYPE         2