SAT Practice Test #1
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Note: Section 4, the variable section, has been omitted from this practice test.
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1 ESSAY Unauthorized copying or _ of any part of this page is illegal. ESSAY (I) 1
ESSAY
Time - 25 minutes
Turn to page 2 of your answer sheet to write your ESSAY.
The essay gives you an opportunity to show how effectively you can develop and express ideas. You should, therefore, take
care to develop your point of view, present your ideas logically and clearly, and use language precisely.
Your essay must be written on the lines provided on your answer sheet-you will receive no other paper on which to write.
You will have enough space if you write on every line, avoid wide margins, and keep your handwriting to a reasonable size.
Remember that people who are not familiar with your handwriting will read what you write. Try to write or print so that what
you are writing is legible to those readers.
You have twenty-five minutes to write an essay on the topic assigned below. DO NOT WRITE ON ANOTHER TOPIC.
AN OFF-TOPIC ESSAY WILL RECEIVE A SCORE OF ZERO.
Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.
To change is to risk something, making us feel insecure. Not to change is a bigger risk, though
we seldom feel that way. There is no choice but to change. People, however, cannot be
motivated'to change from the outside. All of our motivation comes from within.
Adapted from Ward Sybouts, Planning in School Administration: A Handbook
Assignment: What motivates people to change? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this
issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or
observations.
DO NOT WRITE YOUR ESSAY IN YOUR TEST BOOK. You will receive credit only for what you write on your answer
sheet.
BEGIN WRITING YOUR ESSAY ON PAGE 2 OF THE ANSWER SHEET.
If you finish before time Is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section In the test.
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2 (I) D D UnauIhorized copying or I'8U88 01 D D (I) 2 any part 01 this page is Illegal.
SECTION 2
Time - 2S minutes
24 Questions
Turn to Section 2 (page 4) of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
I Directions: For each question in this section, select the best answer from among the choices given and fill in the corresponding ,
I circle on the answer sheet. I
Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank
indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath
the sentence are five words or sets of words labeled A
through E. Choose the word or set of words that, when
inserted in the sentence, ~ fits the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
Example:
Hoping to the dispute, negotiators proposed
a compromise that they felt would be ------- to both
labor and management.
(A) enforce .. useful
(B) end .. divisive
(C) overcome .. unattractive
(D) extend .. satisfactory
(E) resolve .. acceptable 0 ® @ ® •
1. The ------- of Maria Irene Fornes' play Mud-a
realistic room perched on a dLrt pile-challenges
conventional interpretations of stage scenery.
(A) appeal (B) plot (C) mood
(D) setting (E) rehearsal
2. Ironically, an affluent society that purchases much
more food than it actually needs suffers because of that
-------, since in conditions of affluence diseases related
to overeating and poor nutrition seem to -------.
(A) lavishness .. adapt
(B) overabundance .. thrive
(C) corpulence .. vex
(D) practicality .. awaken
(E) commonness .. abound
3. Because of the ------- effects of the hot springs, tourists
suffering from various ailments flocked to the village's
thermal pools.
(A) succulent (B) redolent (C) cerebral
(D) mandatory (E) therapeutic
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4. More valuable and comprehensive than any previously
proposed theOry of the phenomenon, Salazar's research
has ------- the basis for all subsequent ------- in her
field:
(A) undermined .. advancements
(B) prepared .. debacles
(C) provided .. investigations
(D) dissolved .. eltperiments
(El reinfor-ced .. misconceptions
S. Dangerously high winds ------- attempts to begin the
space shuttle mission on schedule, delaying the lannch
by nearly a week.
(A) thwarted (B) forfeited (C) implemented
(D) discharged (E) redoubled
6. The guest speaker on Oprah Winfrey's talk show
offended the audience by first ------- them and then
refusing to moderate these ------- remarks.
(A) flattering .. commendable
(B) haranguing .. intemperate
(C) praising .. radical
(D) enraging .. conciliatory
(E) accommodating .. indulgent
7. By the end of the long, arduous hike, Chris was
walking with a ------- gait, limping slowly back
to the campsite.
(A) halting (B) robust (C) constant
(D) prompt (E) facile
8. Actors in melodramas often emphasized tense moments
by being -------, for example, raising their voices and
pretending to swoon.
(A) imperious
(D) histrionic
(B) inscrutable
(E) solicitous
(C) convivial
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The passages below are followed by questions based on their content; questions following a pair of related passages may also
be based on the relationship between the paired passages. Answer the questions on the basis of what is ~ or ~ in the
passages and in any introductory material that may be provided.
Questions 9-12 are based on the following passages.
Passage 1
The intelligence of dolphins is well documented by sci-
ence. Studies show that dolphins are able to understand
sign language, solve puzzles, and use objects in their
environment as tools. Scientists also believe that dolphins
possess a sophisticated language: numerous instances have
been recorded in which dolphins transmitted information
from one individual to another. A recent experiment proved
that dolphins can even recognize themselves in a mirror-
something achieved by very few animals. This behavior
demonstrates that dolphins are aware of their own indi-
viduality, indicating a level of intelligence that may be
very near our own.
Passage 2
Are dolphins unusually intelligent? Dolphins have
large brains, but we know that brain size alone does
not determine either the nature or extent of intelligence.
Some researchers have suggested that dolphins have big
brains because they need them-for sonar and sound
processing and for social interactions. Others have argued
that regardless of brain size, dolphins have an intelligence
level somewhere between that of a dog and a chimpanzee.
The fact is, we don't know, and comparisons may not be
especially helpful. Just as human intelligence is appropri-
ate for human needs, dolphin intelligence is right for the
dolphin's way of life. Until we know more, all we can say
is that dolphin intelligence is different.
9. In lines 2-8, the author of Passage 1 mentions activities
that suggest dolphins
(A) are unusually sensitive to their environment
(B) do not generally thrive in captivity
(C) have a unique type of intelligence
(D) are uncommonly playful animals
(E) have skills usually associated with humans
I.
10. The author of Passage 2 would most likely respond
to the last sentence of Passage I by
(A) suggesting that intelligence in animals is virtually
impossible to measure
(B) observing that intelligence does not mean the
same thing for every species
(C) questioning the objectivity of the studies already
conducted
(D) noting that dolphin activities do not require a high
level of intelligence
(E) arguing that little is actually known about dolphin
social behavior
" I
11. The two passages differ in their views of dolphin
intelligence in that Passage 1 states that dolphins
(A) share a sophisticated culture, while Passage 2
contends that dolphin intelligence is roughly
equal to human intelligence
(B) are as intelligent as humans, while Passage 2
notes that dolphins outperform other animals
(C) are more intelligent than most other animals,
while Passage 2 points out that dolphins are
less intelligent than other mammals
(D) are highly intelligent, while Passage 2 suggests
that there is not enough evidence to understand
dolphin intelligence fully
(E) have large brains. while Passage 2 argues that
brain size does not signify intelligence
12. Which generalization about dolphins is supported
by both passages?
(A) They display self-awareness.
(B) They are more emotional than other animals.
(C) They learn at a rapid rate.
(D) They have a certain degree of intelligence.
(E) 1l'tey h,ave shown the ability to use tools.
I GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE)
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Questions 13·24 are based on the following passage.
The following passage appeared in an essay written
in 1987 in which the author, who is of Native American
descent, examines the representation of Native Americans
duriiig the course of United States history.
In many respects living Native Americans remain as
mysterious. exotic. and unfathomable to their contempo-
raries at the end of the twentieth century as they were to the
line Pilgrim settlers over three hundred fifty years ago. Native
5 rights, motives, customs, languages, and aspirations are
misunderstood by Euro-Americans out of a culpable igno-
rance that is both self-serving and self-righteous. Part of
the problem may well stem from the long-standing ten-
dency of European or Euro-American thinkers to regard
10 Native Americans as fundamentally and profoundly
different, motivated more often by mysticism than by
ambition, charged more by unfathomable visions than
by intelligence or introspection.
This idea is certainly not new. Rousseau's* "noble
15 savages" wandered, pure of heart, through a pristine world.
Since native people were simply assumed to be incompre-
hensible, they were seldom comprehended. Their societies
were simply beheld, often through cloudy glasses, and
rarely probed by the tools of logic and deductive analysis
20 automatically reserved for cultures prejudged to be
"civilized." And on those occasions when Europeans
did attempt to formulate an encompassing theory, it was
not, ordinarily, on a human-being-to-human-being baiis,
but rather through an ancestor-descendant model. Native
25 Americans, though obviously contemporary with their
observers, were somehow regarded as ancient, examples
of what Stone Age Europeans must have been like.
It's a great story, an international crowd pleaser, but
there is a difficulty: Native Americans were, and are,
30 Homo sapiens sapiens. Though often equipped with a
shovel-shaped incisor tooth, eyes with epicanthic folds,
or ail extra molar cusp, Native American people have bad
to cope. for the last forty thousand years or so, just like
evervone else. Their cultures have had to make internal
35 sens~, their medicines have had to work consistently and
practically. their philosophical explanations have had to be
reasonably satisfying and dependable, or else the ancestors
of those now called Native Americans would truly have
vanished long ago.
40 The reluctance in accepting this obvious fact comes
from the Eurocentric conviction that the West holds a
monopoly on science, logic, and clear thinking. To
admit that other, culturally divergent viewpoints are
equally plausible is to cast doubt on the monolithic
45 center of Judeo-Christian belief: that there is but one
of everything-God. right way, truth-and Europeans
alone knew what that was. If Native American cultures
392
were acknowledged as viable, then European societies
were something less than an exclusive club. It is little
50 wonder, therefore, that Native Americans were perceived
not so much as they were but as they had to be, from a
European viewpoint. They dealt in magic, not method. . .
They were stuck in their past, not guided by its precedents.
Such expedient misconception argues strongly for the
55 development and dissemination of a more accurate, more
objective historical account of native peoples-a goal
easier stated than accomplished. Native American societies
were nonliterate before and during much of the early period
of their contact with Europe, making the task of piecing
60 together a history particularly demanding. The familiar and
reassuring kinds of written documentation found in European
societies of equivalent chronological periods do not exist,
and the forms of tribal record preservation available-oral
history, tales, mnemonic devices, and religious rituals-
65 strike university-trained academics as inexact. unreliaBle,
and suspect. Western historians. culture-bound by ttJeir
own app~ach to knowledge, are apt to declaim that bext to
nothing, save the evidence of archaeology, can be kno~n
of early Native American life. To them, an absolute VOId
70 is more acceptable and rigorous than an educated guess.
However. it is naive to assume that any culture's history
is perceived without subjective prejudice. Every modem
observer, whether he or she was schooled in the traditions
of the South Pacific or Zaire, of Hanover, New Hampshire,
75 or Vienna, Austria. was exposed at an early age to one or
another form of folklore about Native Americans. For
some, the very impressions about Native American tribes
that initially attracted them to the field of American history
are aspects most firmly rooted in popular myth and stereo-
80 type. Serious scholarship about Native American culture and
history is unique in that it requires an initial, abrupt, and
wrenching demythologizing. Most students do not start
from point zero, but from-minus.zero. and in the process are
often required to abandon cherished childhood fantasies of
85 superheroes or larger-than-life villains.
• Rousseau was an eighteenth-century French philosopher.
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13. The refeJe9ce to "the Pilgrim settlers" (lines 3-4) is
used to • "
(A) invite reflection ~bout a less complicated era
(B) suggest the lasting relevance of religious issues
(C) establish a contrast with today's reformers
(D) debunk a myth about oorly colonial life
(E) draw a parallel to a current condition
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·14. In line 12, "charged" most nearly means
(A) commanded
(B) indicated
(C) replenished
(D) inspired
(E) attacked
15. In line 14, the reference to Rousseau is used to
emphasize the
(A) philosophical origins of cultural bias
(B) longevity of certain types of misconceptions
(C) tendency to fear the unknown
(D) diversity among European intellectual traditions
(E) argument that even great thinkers are fallible
16. The phrase "international crowd pleaser" (line 28)
refers to
,;
(A) an anthropological fallacy
(B) an entertaining novelty
(C) a harmless deception
(D) a beneficial error
(E) a cultural revolution
17. The "difficulty" referred to in line 29 most directly
undermines
(A) the ancestor-descendant model used by European
observers
(B) the possibility for consensus in anthropological
inquiry
(C) efforts to rid popular culture of false stereotypes
(D) theories based exclusively on logic and deductive
reasoning
(E) unfounded beliefs about early European
communities
18. Lines 34-37 ("Their cultures ... dependable") describe .
(A) customs that fuel myths about a society
(B) contradictions that conventional logic candot
resolve
(C) characteristics that are essential to the surv,i?l of
any people
(D) criteria that Western historians traditionally use to
assess cultures
(E) preconditions that must be met before a culture
can influence others
19. The two sentences that begin with "They" in
lines 52-53 serve to express the
(A) way one group perceived another
(B) results of the latest research
(C) theories of Native Americans about Europeans
(D) external criticisms that some Native Americans
accepted
(E) survival techniques adopted by early human
societies
20. In lines 66-70, the author portrays Western historians as
(A) oblivious to the value of archaeological research
(B) disadvantaged by an overly narrow methodology
(C) excessively impressed by prestigious credentials
\ (D) well meaning but apt to do more harm than good
(E) anxious to contradict the faulty conclusions of
their predecessors
21. The "educated guess" mentioned in line 70 would most
likely be based on
(A) compilations of government population statistics
(B) sources such as oral histories and religious rituals
(C) analyses of ancient building structures by
archaeologists
(D) measurements of fossils to determine things such
as physical characteristics
(E) studies of artifacts discovered in areas associated
with particular tribes
22. The geographical references in lines 74-75 serve to
underscore the
(A) influence Native American culture has had outside
the United States
(B) argument that academic training is undergoing
increasing homogenization
(C) universality of certain notions about Native
American peoples
(D) idea that Native Americans have more in common
with other peoples than is acknowledged
(E) unlikelihood that scholars of Native American
history will settle their differences
[ GO ON 10 THE NEXT PAGE>
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23. The passage suggests that "Most students" (line 82)
need to undergo a process of
24. In line 83, "minus zero" refers to the
(A) nature of the preconceptions held by most
beginning scholars of Native American culture
(B) quality of scholarship about Native American
cultures as currently practiced at most universities
(C) reception that progressive scholars of Native
American history have received in academia
(A) rebelliousness
(B) disillusionment
(C) hopelessness
(D) inertia
(E) self-denial
STOP
(D) shortage of written sources available. to students
of Native American history
(E) challengestliat face those seeking grants to conduct
original research about Native American history
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.
Do not turn to any other section in the test.
394
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SECTION 3
Time - 25 minutes
20 Questions
Turn to Section 3 (page 4) of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.
Directions: For this section, solve each problem and decide which is the best of the choices given. Fill in the corresponding
circle on the answer sheet. You may use any available space for scratch work.
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1. The use of a calculator is permitted.
2. All numbers used are real numbers.
3. Figures that accompany problems in this test are intended to provide information useful in solving the problems.
They are drawn as accura
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