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免疫球蛋白2nullImmunoglobulins: Structure and FunctionImmunoglobulins: Structure and FunctionImmunoglobulins:Structure and FunctionImmunoglobulins:Structure and FunctionDefinition: Glycoprotein molecules that are produced by plasma cells in response to an immunogen and ...

免疫球蛋白2
nullImmunoglobulins: Structure and FunctionImmunoglobulins: Structure and FunctionImmunoglobulins:Structure and FunctionImmunoglobulins:Structure and FunctionDefinition: Glycoprotein molecules that are produced by plasma cells in response to an immunogen and which function as antibodiesGeneral Functions of ImmunoglobulinsGeneral Functions of ImmunoglobulinsEffector functions Fixation of complement Binding to various cells(Usually require Ag binding)Ag binding Can result in protection ValencyBasic Immunoglobulin StructureBasic Immunoglobulin StructureImmunoglobulins - heterogeneous Myeloma proteins - homogeneous immunoglobulinsImmunoglobulin StructureImmunoglobulin StructureHeavy & Light Chains Disulfide bonds Inter-chain Intra-chainImmunoglobulin StructureImmunoglobulin Structure Variable & Constant Regions VL & CL VH & CH Hinge RegionImmunoglobulin StructureImmunoglobulin StructureDomains VL & CL VH & CH1 - CH3 (or CH4) OligosaccharidesIgG moleculeIgG moleculeUsed with permission from: Dr. Mike Clark, Immunology Division, Department of Pathology Cambridge University, Cambridge, EnglandStructure of the Variable RegionStructure of the Variable RegionHypervariable (HVR) or complimentarity determining regions (CDR)Framework regionsImmunoglobulin Fragments: Structure/Function RelationshipsImmunoglobulin Fragments: Structure/Function RelationshipsFab Ag binding Valence = 1 Specificty determined by VH and VLFc Effector functionsImmunoglobulin Fragments: Structure/Function RelationshipsImmunoglobulin Fragments: Structure/Function RelationshipsImmunoglobulin Fragments: Structure/Function RelationshipsImmunoglobulin Fragments: Structure/Function RelationshipsFab Ag binding Fc Effector functions F(ab’)2Human Immunoglobulin ClassesHuman Immunoglobulin ClassesIgG - Gamma () heavy chains IgM - Mu () heavy chains IgA - Alpha () heavy chains IgD - Delta () heavy chains IgE - Epsilon () heavy chainsHuman Immunoglobulin SubclassesHuman Immunoglobulin SubclassesIgG Subclasses IgG1 - Gamma 1 (1) heavy chains IgG2 - Gamma 2 (2) heavy chains IgG3 - Gamma 3 (3) heavy chains IgG4 - Gamma 4 (4) heavy chains IgA subclasses IgA1 - Alpha 1 (1) heavy chains IgA2 - Alpha 2 (2) heavy chainsHuman Immunoglobulin Light Chain TypesHuman Immunoglobulin Light Chain TypesKappa () Lambda ()Human Immunoglobulin Light Chain SubtypesHuman Immunoglobulin Light Chain SubtypesLambda light chains Lambda 1 (1) Lambda 2 (2) Lambda 3 (3) Lambda 4 (4)ImmunoglobulinsImmunoglobulinsNomenclature IgM (kappa) IgA1(lambda 2) IgG HeterogeneityIgGIgGStructure Monomer (7S)IgGIgGStructure Properties Major serum Ig Major Ig in extravascular spaces Placental transfer – Does not require Ag binding ( IgG2) Fixes complement ( IgG4) Binds to Fc receptors ( IgG2, IgG4) Phagocytes - opsonization K cells - ADCCIgMIgMStructure Pentamer (19S) Extra domain (CH4) J chainIgMIgMStructure Properties 3rd highest serum Ig First Ig made by fetus and B cells Fixes complementnullFixation of C1 by IgG and IgM AbsNo activationActivationIgMIgMStructure Properties 3rd highest serum Ig First Ig made by fetus and B cells Fixes complement Agglutinating Ig Binds to Fc receptors B cell surface IgB Cell Antigen Receptor (BcR)B Cell Antigen Receptor (BcR)IgAIgAStructure Serum - monomer Secretions (sIgA) Dimer (11S) J chain Secretory componentOrigin of Secretory Component of sIgAOrigin of Secretory Component of sIgAIgAIgAStructure Properties 2nd highest serum Ig Major secretory Ig (Mucosal or Local Immunity) Tears, saliva, gastric and pulmonary secretions Does not fix complement (unless aggregated) Binds to Fc receptors on some cellsIgDIgDStructure Monomer Tail pieceIgDIgDStructure Properties 4th highest serum Ig B cell surface Ig Does not bind complementIgEIgEStructure Monomer Extra domain (CH4)IgEIgEStructure Properties Least common serum Ig Binds to basophils and mast cells (Does not require Ag binding) Allergic reactions Parasitic infections (Helminths) Binds to Fc receptor on eosinophils Does not fix complement
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