ASTM A423-A423M 2009

Designation: A423/A423M – 09 Standard Specification for Seamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation A423/A423M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. 1. Scope* 1.1 This specification2 covers minimum-wall-thickness, seamless and electric-resistance welded, low-alloy steel tubes for pressure containing parts such as economizers or other applications where corrosion resistance is important. 1.2 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this specification are 1⁄2 to 5 in. [12.7 to 127 mm] in outside diameter and 0.035 to 0.500 in. [0.9 to 12.7 mm] inclusive, in minimum wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification. 1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1⁄4 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 in. [0.4 mm] in thickness. 1.4 An optional supplementary requirement is provided and, when desired, shall be so stated in the order. 1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards:3 A450/A450M Specification for General Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Tubes E213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe and Tubing E273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing 3. Ordering Information 3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately: 3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths), 3.1.2 Name of material (seamless or electric-resistance- welded tubes), 3.1.3 Grade (Table 1), 3.1.4 Manufacture (hot finished or cold finished), 3.1.5 Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness), 3.1.6 Length (specific or random), 3.1.7 Optional requirements (hydrostatic or electric test, 13.7), 3.1.8 Test report required (see Certification Section of Specification A450/A450M), 3.1.9 Specification designation, and 3.1.10 Special requirements and any supplementary require- ments selected. 4. Manufacture 4.1 Tubes made by the seamless process may be hot finished or cold finished. 5. Heat Treatment 5.1 All tubes shall be normalized or given such heat treatment as may be necessary to conform to the requirements of this specification. 6. Chemical Composition 6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1. 7. Product Analysis 7.1 An analysis of either one billet, one length of flat-rolled stock or one tube shall be made from each heat. The chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements specified. 7.2 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of two additional billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes shall be made. Both retests, for the elements in question shall meet 1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products. Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A423/A423M – 95 (2004). DOI: 10.1520/A0423_A0423M-09. 2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- cation SA-423 in Section II of that Code. 3 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website. 1 *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. Copyright. © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbour Dr. P.O. box C-700 West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428-2959, United States the requirements of the specification; otherwise all remaining material in the heat or lot (Note 1) shall be rejected or, at the option of the producer, each billet, length of flat-rolled stock or tube may be individually tested for acceptance. Billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes which do not meet the requirements of the specification shall be rejected. NOTE 1—For flattening, flaring, and flange requirements, the term lot applies to all tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size and wall thickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size and from the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace the number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shall be determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table 2. NOTE 2—For tensile and hardness test requirements, the term lot applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wall thickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size and the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the same furnace at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed. 8. Tensile Requirements 8.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed in Table 3. 9. Hardness Requirements 9.1 The tubes shall have a hardness number not exceeding 170 HB or 87 HRB. 10. Forming Operations 10.1 Tubes when inserted in the boiler shall stand expanding and beading without showing cracks or flaws. 11. Mechanical Tests Required 11.1 Tension Test—One tension test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50 tubes (Note 2). 11.2 Flattening Test—One flattening test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, not the one used for the flaring or flanging test, from each lot (Note 1). 11.3 Flaring Test (Seamless Tubes)—One flaring test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, not the one used for the flattening test, from each lot (Note 1). 11.4 Flange Test (Welded Tubes)—One flange test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, not the one used for the flattening test, from each lot (Note 1). 11.5 Hardness Test—Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot (Note 2). 11.6 Reverse Flattening Test—For welded tubes, one re- verse flattening test shall be made on a specimen from each 1500 ft [460 m] of finished tubing. 11.7 Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test—Each tube shall be subjected to the hydrostatic test, or, instead of this test, a nondestructive electric test may be used when specified by the purchaser. 12. General Requirements 12.1 Material furnished under this specification should con- form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification A450/A450M, unless otherwise provided herein. 13. Product Marking 13.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification A450/A450M, the marking shall include whether hot finished or cold finished, and whether seamless or welded. 14. Keywords 14.1 seamless steel tube; steel tube; alloy; welded steel tube TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements Composition, % Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Carbon, max 0.15 0.15 0.06 Manganese 0.55 max 0.50–1.00 0.70–1.40 Phosphorus 0.06–0.16 0.04 max 0.020 max Sulfur, max 0.060 0.05 0.020 Silicon 0.10 min ... 0.55 max Copper 0.20–0.60 0.30–1.00 0.25–0.45 Chromium 0.24–1.31 ... ... Nickel 0.20–0.70 0.40–1.10 0.50 max Molybdenum ... 0.10 min 0.20 max Antimony ... ... 0.05–0.15 TABLE 2 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by the Continuous Process Size of Tube Size of Lot 2 in. [50.8 mm] and over in outside diameter and 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] and over in wall thickness not more than 50 tubes Less than 2 in. [50.8 mm] but over 1 in. [25.4 mm] in outside diameter or over 1 in. [25.4 mm] in outside diameter and under 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] in wall thickness not more than 75 tubes 1 in. [25.4 mm] or less in outside diameter not more than 125 tubes TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements Grades 1 and 2 Grade 3 Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa] 60 [415] 55 [380] Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa] 37 [255] 33 [230] Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % 25 35 For longitudinal strip tests a deduction for each 1⁄32 in. [0.8 mm] decrease in wall thickness below 5⁄16 in. [8 mm] from the basic minimum elongation of the following percentage points shall be made 1.25A 1.25A A Calculated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest whole number. A423/A423M – 09 2 SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS The following supplementary requirement shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the inquiry, contract, or order. Details of this supplemental requirement shall be agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser. S1. Surface Condition S1.1 If pickling or shot blasting, or both, are required, this shall be specifically stated in the order and shall be done at the purchaser’s expense. ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS The following supplementary requirements may become a part of the specification when specified in the inquiry or invitation to bid, and purchase order or contract. These requirements shall not be considered unless specified in the order and the necessary tests shall be made at the mill. S2. Additional Testing of Welded Tubing per ASME Request S2.1 Each tube shall be subjected to an ultrasonic inspection employing Practices E273 or E213 with the rejection criteria referenced in Specification A450/A450M. S2.2 If Practice E273 is employed, a 100 % volumetric inspection of the entire length of each tube shall also be performed using one of the non-destructive electric tests permitted by Specification A450/A450M. S2.3 The test methods described in the supplement may not be capable of inspecting the end portions of tubes. This condition is referred to as end effect. This portion, as deter- mined by the manufacturer, shall be removed and discarded. S2.4 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification A450/A450M, “S2” shall be added after the grade designation. SUMMARY OF CHANGES Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue, A423/A423M – 95 (2004), that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved November 1, 2009) (1) Added new Grade 3 to Table 1 and Table 3. Added new footnote 3 to 1.1 and Table 1 and renumbered subsequent footnotes. 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This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/ COPYRIGHT/). A423/A423M – 09 3 Scope Referenced Documents Ordering Information Manufacture Heat Treatment Chemical Composition Product Analysis Tensile Requirements Hardness Requirements Forming Operations Mechanical Tests Required General Requirements Product Marking Keywords TABLE 1 TABLE 2 TABLE 3