清华大学2002年考博英语真题

清华 02’ 1 清华大学 2002200220022002年博士研究生入学考试试题 PartPartPartPartⅠ ListeningListeningListeningListening ComprehensionComprehensionComprehensionComprehension (20%)(20%)(20%)(20%) SectionSectionSectionSection AAAA Directions:Directions:Directions:Directions: You will hear a news story about the explosion on the World Trade Center in New York City. Listen to it and fill out the table with the information you've heard for questions 1—5. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write no more than 3 words in each numbered box. Put your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. You will hear the recording only once. InformationInformationInformationInformation aboutaboutaboutabout thethethethe ExplosionExplosionExplosionExplosion onononon thethethethe WorldWorldWorldWorld TradeTradeTradeTrade CenterCenterCenterCenter Exact time of the explosion 1 The number of the people working in the Building 2 The location of the explosion 3 The number of the people walking down the stairs 4 The time people on the top floors took walking down the stairs 5 SectionSectionSectionSection BBBB Directions:Directions:Directions:Directions: You will hear a customer calling a car rental service to rent a car. For questions 6—10, complete the sentences and answer the questions while you are listening. Use no more than 3 words for each answer. Put your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. You will hear the recording twice. Customer's name: 6 Customer's current driver's license No.: 7 Date for collection of vehicle: 8 How much a day should the customer pay? 9 How will the customer pay? 10 SectionSectionSectionSection CCCC Directions:Directions:Directions:Directions: In this section you will hear a radio program. This program is about the production of postage stamps. Listen to the recording and either choose the correct answer for each statement or complete the notes as required. Circle the letter of your choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. You will hear the recording, twice. 11. The weekly radio program is on__________. A. topics suggested by listeners B. local news items C. listeners' hobbies 12. The process of stamp production is__________. A. difficult B. expensive C. time consuming 13. In the search for suitable subjects, people are invited to__________. A. research a number of topics B. give an opinion on possible topics C. produce a list of topics 14. Topics are sent for final approval to__________. 清华 02’ 2 A. a group of graphic artists B. The Board of Directors C. a designers’ committee 15. Australian artists receive money__________. A. only if the stamp goes into circulation B. for the design only C. for the design and again if it is used QuestionsQuestionsQuestionsQuestions (16(16(16(16～18):18):18):18): CompleteCompleteCompleteComplete thethethethe notesnotesnotesnotes usingusingusingusing nononono moremoremoremore thanthanthanthan 3333 wordswordswordswords forforforfor eacheacheacheach answer,answer,answer,answer, andandandand thenthenthenthen putputputput youryouryouryour answeransweransweranswer onononon thethethethe ANSWERANSWERANSWERANSWER SHEET.SHEET.SHEET.SHEET. Stamps must represent aspects of (16)_____________________e. g. characters from literature or examples of wildlife. There are no (17)_______________on Australian or British stamps. A favourite topic in Britain is (18)__________________. 19. The speaker says that__________. A. many people produce designs for stamps B. few people are interested in stamp design C. people will never agree about stamp design 20. The speaker suggests that__________. A. stamps play an important role in our lives B. too much attention is devoted to stamp production C. stamps should reflect a nation's character PartPartPartPartⅡ VocabularyVocabularyVocabularyVocabulary (10%)(10%)(10%)(10%) Directions:Directions:Directions:Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one that completes the sentence and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 21. The day was breaking and people began to go to work so the murderer was unable to__________of the body. A. dispense B. dispose C. discard D. discharge 22. Can you imagine! He offered me 5000 to break my contract. That's__________. Of course I didn't agree. I would take legal action. A. fraud B. blackmail C. bribery D. compensation 23. Her remarks__________a complete disregard for human rights. A. magnified B. maintained C. manipulated D.manifested 24. I should be able to finish the task on time,__________you provide me with the necessary guidance. A. in case B. provided that C. or else D. as if 25. The unfortunate death of the genius poet caused__________loss to this country. A. priceless B. countless C. incalculable D. imaginable 26. Before the disastrous earthquake there was__________chaos. A. massive B. ominous C. suspending D. imminent 27. On behalf of my company, I am__________to you and your colleagues for your generous help. A. subjected B. inclined 清华 02’ 3 C. available D. obliged 28. The appearance of the used car is__________, it's much newer than it really is. A. descriptive B. indicative C. deceptive D. impressive 29. His office is__________to the President's; it usually takes him about three minutes to get there. A. related B. adhesive C. adherent D. adjacent 30. The none of students in the class likes the mistress, who is used to being__________of everything they do. A. emotional B. optimistic C. interested D. critical 31. I didn't know it then, but this disruptive way of reading started with the very first novel I ever picked up. A. harmful B. persistent C. interruptive D. characteristic 32. The problem is that the loss of confidence among the soldiers can be highly contagious. A. spreading B. contemptible C. contented D. depressing 33. The sales manager was so adamant about her idea that it was out of the question for any one to talk her out of it. A. adaptable B. anxious C. firm D. talkative 34. Other non-dominant males were hyperactive; they were much more active than is normal, chasing others and fighting each other. A. hardly active B. relatively active C. extremely inactive D. pathologically active 35. While he was not dumber than an ox, he was not any smarter; so most of his classmates were lenient and helped him along. A. helpful B. merciful C. enthusiastic D. intelligent 36. Before the construction of the road, it was prohibitively expensive to transport any furs or fruits across the mountains. A. determinedly B. incredibly B. amazingly D. forbiddingly 37. At dusk, Mr. Hightower would sit in his old armchair in the backyard and wistfully lose in reminiscence of his youth romances. A. hopefully B. reflectively C. sympathetically D. irresistibly 38. The prodigal son spent his money extravagantly and soon after he left home he was reduced to a beggar. A. lavishly B. economically C. thriftily D. extrovertly 39. The chimney vomited a cloud of smoke. A. ignited B. immersed C. emitted D. hugged 40. The rear section of the brain does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties. 清华 02’ 4 A. advanced B. growing C. front D. back PartPartPartPartⅢ ReadingReadingReadingReading ComprehensionComprehensionComprehensionComprehension (40%)(40%)(40%)(40%) Directions:Directions:Directions:Directions: There are 2 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. you should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. QuestionsQuestionsQuestionsQuestions 31313131 totototo 45454545 areareareare basedbasedbasedbased onononon thethethethe followingfollowingfollowingfollowing passage:passage:passage:passage: Motorola Inc., the world's second-largest mobile phone make, will begin selling all of the technology needed to build a basic mobile phone to outside manufacturers, in a key change of strategy. The inventor of the cell phone, which has been troubled by missteps compounded by a recent industry slump in sales, is trying to become a neutral provider of mobile technology to rivals, with an eye toward fostering a much larger market than it could create itself. The Chicago area-based company, considered to have the widest range of technologies needed to build a phone, said it planned to make available chips, a design layout for the computer board, software, development tools and testing tools. Motorola has previously supplied mobile phone manufacturers with a couple of its chips, but this is the first time the company will offer its entire line of chips as well as a detailed blueprint. Mobile phones contain a variety of chips and components to control power, sound and amplification. Analysts said they liked the new strategy but were cautious about whether Motorola's mobile phone competitors would want to buy the technology from a rival. The company, long known for its top-notch (等级 ) engineering culture, is hoping to profit from its mobile phone technology now that the basic technology to build a mobile phone has largely become a commodity. Motorola said it will begin offering the technology based on the next-generation GPRS (Global Packet Radio Service) standard because most mobile phone makers already have technology in place for current digital phones. GPRS offers faster access to data through “always on” network connections, and customers are charged only for the information they retrieve, rather than the length of download. Burgess said the new business will not conflict with Motorola's own mobile phone business because the latter will remain competitive by offering advanced features and designs. Motorola's phones have been criticized as being too complicated and expensive to manufacture, but Burgess said Motorola will simplify the technology in the phones by a third. In addition to basic technology, Burgess said, Motorola would also offer additional features such as Bluetooth, a technology that allows wireless communications at a short distance, and Global Positioning System, which tracks the user's whereabouts, and MP3 audio capability. 41. The word “slump” in the first paragraph may be replaced by__________. A. slouch B. decline B. increase D. stamp 42. According to this passage, Motorola Inc.__________. A. is the world's largest mobile phone maker B. is trying to become a mobile technology provider besides being a mobile phone maker C. will only sell chips of the mobile phones D. is going to sell all its manufacturing plants 43. Analysts don't think that__________. A. Motorola will be successful B. the technology offered by Motorola will be selected by its competitors C. its competitors will want to buy the technology from it D. its mobile phones contain a variety of chips 44. The technology supplied by Motorola is based on__________. 清华 02’ 5 A. Bluetooth features B. MP3 audio capability C. Global Positioning System D. GPRS standard 45. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. GPRS offers faster access to data through network connections, so customers should pay more. B. Motorola Inc. is the inventor of the cell phone. C. Previously Motorola only supplied mobile phone manufacturers with some of its chips. D. Motorola Inc. is known for its high-class engineering culture. QuestionsQuestionsQuestionsQuestions 46464646 totototo 50505050 areareareare basedbasedbasedbased onononon thethethethe followingfollowingfollowingfollowing passage:passage:passage:passage: Hurricanes are violent storms that cause millions of dollars in property damage and take many lives. They can be extremely dangerous, and too often people underestimate their fury. Hurricanes normally originate as a small area of thunderstorms over the Atlantic Ocean west of the Cape Verde Islands during August or September. For several days, the area of the storm increases and the air pressure falls slowly. A center of low pressure forms, and winds begin to whirl around it. It is blown westward, increasing in size and strength. Hurricane hunters then fly out to the storm in order to determine its size and intensity and to track its direction. They drop instruments for recording temperature, air pressure, and humidity (湿度 ), into the storm. They also look at the size of waves on the ocean, the clouds, and the eye of the storm. The eye is a region of relative calm and clear skies in the center of the hurricane. People often lose their lives by leaving shelter when the eye has arrived, only to be caught in tremendous winds again when the eye has passed. Once the forecasters have determined that it is likely the hurrican will reach shore, they issue a hurricane watch for a large, general area that may be in the path of the storm. Later, when the probable point of landfall is clearer, they will issue a hurricane warning for a somewhat more limited area. People in these areas are wise to stock up on nonperishable foods, flash light and radio batteries, candles, and other items they may need if electricity and water are not available after the storm. They should also try to hurricane-proof their houses by bringing in light-weight furniture and other items from outside and covering windows. People living in low-lying areas are wise to evacuate their houses because of the storm surge, which is a large rush of water that may come ashore with the storm. Hurricanes generally lose power slowly while traveling over land, but many move out to sea, gather up force again, and return to land. As they move toward the north, they generally lose their identity as hurricanes. 46. The eye of the hurricane is__________. A. the powerful center of the storm B. the part that determines its direction C. the relatively calm center of the storm D. the center of low pressure 47. Which of the following statements is true? A. A storm surge is a dramatic increase in wind velocity. B. A hurricane watch is more serious than a hurricane warning. C. Falling air pressure is an indicator that the storm is increasing in intensity. D. It is safe to go outside once the eye has arrived. 48. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A. How to Avoid Hurricane damage B. Forecasting Hurricanes C. The dangerous Hurricane D. Atlantic Storms 49. The low-lying areas refer to those regions that__________. A. close to the ground level B. one-storey flat C. flat houses D. near to the lowest level of hurricane 50. Which of the following is NOT a method of protecting one's house from a hurricane? A. taking out heavy things B. moving in light-weight furniture 清华 02’ 6 C. equipping the house with stones D. covering windows QuestionsQuestionsQuestionsQuestions 51515151 totototo 55555555 areareareare basedbasedbasedbased onononon thethethethe followingfollowingfollowingfollowing passage:passage:passage:passage: Attacking an increasingly popular Internet business practice, a consumer watchdog group Monday filed a complaint with the Federal Trade Commission, asserting that many online search engines are concealing the impact special fees have on search results by Internet users. Commercial Alert, a 3-year-old group founded by consumer activist Ralph Nader, asked the FTC to investigate whether eight of the Web' s largest search engines are violating federal laws against deceptive advertising. The group said that the search engines are abandoning objective formulas to determine the order of their listed results and selling the top spots to the highest bidders without making adequate disclosures to Web surfers. The complaint touches a hot-button issue affecting tens of millions of people who submit search queries each day. With more than 2 billion pages and more than 14 billion hyperlinks on the Web, search requests rank as the second most popular online activity after E-mail. The eight search engines named in Commercial Alert's complaint are: MSN, owned by Microsoft; Netscape, owned by AOL Time Warner; Directhit, owned by Ask Jeeves; HotBot and Lycos, both owned by Terra Lycos; Altavista, owned by CMGI; LookSmart, owned by LookSmart; and iWon, owned by a privately held company operating under the same name. Portland, Ore.-based Commercial Alert could have named more search engines in its complaint, but focused on the biggest sites that are auctioning off spots in their results, said Gary Ruskin, the group's executive director. “Search engines have become central in the quest for learning and knowledge in our society. The ability to skew (扭曲） the results in favor of hucksters (小贩）without telling consumers is a serious problem.” Ruskin said. By late Monday afternoon, three of the search engines had responded to The Associated Press' inquiries about the complaint. Two, LookSmart and AltaVista, denied the charges. Microsoft spokesman Matt Pilla said MSN is delivering “compelling search results that people want.” The FTC had no comment about the complaint Monday. The complaint takes aim at the new business plans embraced by more search engines as they try to cash in on their pivotal (关键）role as Web guides and reverse a steady stream of losses. To boost revenue, search engines in the past year have been accepting payments from businesses interested in receiving a higher ranking in certain categories or ensuring that their sites are reviewed more frequently. 51. The consumer group complained about__________. A. special fees that Internet users were charged B. Federal Trade Commission C. Commercial Alert D. online search engines 52. __________is the most popular activity online. A. Sending pages of information B. Sending E-mail C. Surfing the net D. Selling the top spot 53. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement? A. There are too many pages or hyperlinks on the Internet, so people usually use search engine to find a certain site. B. More than 8 search engines are accused of selling their search engine spots by Commercial Alert. C. The headquarters of Commercial Alert is in Portland Oregon. D. The search engines are Web guides. 54. All the following share one similarity EXCEPT__________. A. LookSmart B. CMGI C. Altavista D. Microsoft 55. The primary aim of some companies’ sponsoring the search engines is to__________. 清华 02’ 7 A. cash in on their important role as Web guides B. boost their avenue C. reverse a series of losses D. have their sites visited by the internet users more QuestionsQuestionsQuestionsQuestions 56565656 totototo 60606060 areareareare basedbasedbasedbased onononon thethethethe followingfollowingfollowingfollowing passage:passage:passage:passage: D. H. Lawrence was the fourth child of Arthur Lawrence and Lydia Beardsall, and their first to have been born in Eastwood. Ever since their marriage in 1875, the couple had been on the move: Arthur's job as a miner had taken them where the best-paid work had been during the boom years of the 1870s, and they had lived in a succession of small and recently built grimy colliery villages all over Nottinghamshire. But when they moved to Eastwood in 1883, it was to a place where they would remain for the rest of their lives; the move seems to have marked a watershed in their early history. For one thing, they were settling down: Arthur Lawrence would work at Brinsley colliery until he retired in 1909. For a