Weather Introduction

Weather IntroductionnullWeather IntroductionWeather Introduction When we wake up in the morning one of the first things we are interested in is the weather. Weather is the condition of the lower atmosphere at any particular time. If there were no atmosphere there would be no weat...

nullWeather IntroductionWeather Introduction When we wake up in the morning one of the first things we are interested in is the weather. Weather is the condition of the lower atmosphere at any particular time. If there were no atmosphere there would be no weather. The moon has no atmosphere and no weather.nullnull The elements of the weather The elements of the weather To describe the weather we must describe the state of the air. We can do this under 5 main headings. These are called the elements of the weather: 1. air temperature - How hot or cold is it? 2. precipitation (rain, snow, hail, sleet, frost, fog, dew) - Is it wet or dry? 3. cloud cover and sunshine - Is it sunny or cloudy? 4. wind speed and direction -The movement of the air. 5. air pressureDefinition to some wordsDefinition to some wordsThe climate of a place is its average weather. To calculate this we must know what types of weather occur there at different times of the year. The atmosphere is the layer of gases, called air, which surrounds the planet earth.nullThe air in the atmosphere is a mixture of gases. These are mainly nitrogen氮气 (about 4/5) and oxygen (about 1/5). There are also amounts of water vapor, carbon dioxide and some rare gases. The amount of water vapor is very important as this gives us our cloud and rain.nullOn Earth, common weather phenomena include such things as wind, cloud, rain, snow, fog and dust storms. Less common events include natural disasters such as tornadoes(龙卷风), hurricanes (飓风)and ice storms. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the troposphere(对流层 ) the lower part of the atmosphere). Weather does occur in the stratosphere (平流层)and can affect weather lower down in the troposphere, but the exact mechanisms(物理过程) are poorly understood.Words used to describe weatherWords used to describe weatherrainy sunny cloudy windy/breezy stormy foggy snowy frosty(起霜的) wet/ cold/ hot /cool/ stuffy(闷热的)/dry/ freezing/warmnullSome weather symbolsnullProverbs related to weather forecast(page45)Proverbs related to weather forecast(page45) Red sky at night, sailor’s delight. Red sky in the morning, sailors take warning. 早霞不出门，晚霞行千里 Halo around the sun or moon ,rain or snow soon. 日晕三更雨，月晕午时风 When the stars begin to huddle(挤做一团) ,the earth will soon become a puddle(水坑,泥潭). 月明星稀 When ladybugs (瓢虫)swarm)成群迁移),expect a day that won’t be warm. 蚂蚁搬家，天将雨 Global warmingGlobal warmingMain reasons: nullPossible consequencePossible consequenceThe oceans will heat up and glaciers冰川 will melt The global average sea level is expected to rise by 15-95cm by 2100nullnullnullPopulation explosion Overuse/abuse(滥用） the limited resources Forests and land were damaged seriously Heavy industrial pollution daily waste gases into the air Greenhouse effect / holes in the ozone layer The average global temperature rose Much warmer weather oceans heat up, Iceberg melt/ sea level rose More flood /storms Natural disasters result from man-made deeds

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Weather Introduction

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