参考文献

null参考文献参考文献我国《文后参考文献著录规则》 规定 关于下班后关闭电源的规定党章中关于入党时间的规定公务员考核规定下载规定办法文件下载宁波关于闷顶的规定 ，科技期刊应采用国际上通行的两种排列方法： “顺序编码制”和“著者-出版年制” 1、顺序编码制 根据正文中引用参考文献的先后，按著者、题名、出版事项的顺序逐项注录null[l] Dong Yanqiu. Research on nonlinear vortex induced vibration response of tension legs of deepwater platform [J]. China Shipbuilding , 1992(3): 80 — 92 (in Chinese) . [2] Blackburn H M, Govardhan R N, Williamson C H K. A complementary numerical and physical investigation of vortex — induced vibration [ J ]. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2001, 15: 481 - 488. [3] Zhu Yanrong. The theory of Wave Force in Ocean Engineering [M]. Tianjin: Tianjin University Press, 1991 (in Chinese). [4] YuJianxing, Xu Hui, Guo Zhenbang, et al. Naval and Ocean Structure Reliability Principle [M]. Tianjin: Tianjin University Press, 2001 (in Chinese) . [5] Chen Yushu. Nonlinear Vibration [M]. Tianjin: Tianjin Science and Technology Press, 1983.null2、著者-出版年制 按参考文献作者的姓氏笔画或姓氏首字母的顺序排列，同一著者有多篇文献被参考引用时，再按文献出版年份的先后依次给出 [1] Atila Novoselac, Jelena Srebric. A critical review on the performance and design of combined cooled ceiling and displacement ventilation system [J]. Energy and Building, 2002, 34(5): 497-509. [2] Behne M. Is there a risk of draft in rooms with cooled ceilings? Measurement of air velocities and turbulences [J]. ASHRAE Transaction, 1995, 101 (2): 744-752. [3] BS EN ISO 7730. Moderate thermal environments-Determination of the PMV and PPD indices and specification of the conditions for thermal comfort [S], 1995. [4] Cehlin M, Moshfegh B, Sandberg M. Measurements of air temperatures close to a low-velocity diffuser in displacement ventilation using an infrared camera [J]. Energy and Buildings, 2002, 34(7) :687. null [5] Kulpmann R W. Thermal comfort and air quality in rooms with cooled ceiling: Results of scientific investigations [J]. ASHRAE Transaction , 1995, 101 (2); 744-752. [6] Park Hee Jin, Holland Dale. The effect of location of a convective heat source on displacement ventilation: CFD study [J]. Building and Environment, 2001, 36 (7): 883-889. [7] Xing Huijuan, Hatton A, Awbi H B. A study of the air quality in the breathing zone in a room with displacement ventilation [J]. Building and Environment, 2001, 36 (7) 809-820. [8] Xing Huijuan, Awbi Hazim B. Measurement and calculation of the neutral height in a room with displacement ventilation [J]. Building and Environment, 2002, 37 (10): 961-967. [9] Yuan X, Chen Q, Glicksman L R. A critical review of displacement ventilation [J]. Energy and building , ASHRAE Transaction , 1998, 104 (I): 78-90 国际上常用的几种论文格式国际上常用的几种论文格式MLA: Modern Language Association Format 现代语言学会论文格式 Chicago: 用于各类学科，书籍、杂志、报纸及非学术出版物 APA: American Psychological Association 美国心理学会论文格式 AMA: American Medical Association nullAPA 格式： 1. 书籍 （1）作者部分：首先应写出作者的姓氏，然后再写出作者的名字的首字母，这两部分之间用逗号隔开，结尾使用句号。 （2）出版日期：写在圆括号内，结尾作用句号。 （3）作品名：标题或副标题的第一个单词和其中的专有名词要首字母大写；整个标题使用斜体字，结尾用句号。 （4）出版信息：出版城市名称（不出名的地方应加上州名的缩写形式）+冒号+出版商（出版商名称中应省略Publisher, Co. 和Inc.等词，但大学出版社应使用全称），结尾使用句号。 Nagel, P. C. (1992). The Lees of Virginia: Seven generations of an American family . New York: Oxford University Press. McGee, D. (1977). Reading skills for basic literacy. Vancouver, BC: Vancouver Community College.null如有多个作者，每位作者之间用”,”分开，最后两位作者之间还要加上“&”；如有六位以上作者，则只列出前六位，后面的用“et al”代替。 Maccoby, E. , & Jacklin, C. (1974). The psychology of sex differences. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Roeder,K. , Howdeshell, J. , Fulton, L. , Lochhead, M. , Craig, K. , Peterson, R. , et. al. (1967). Nerve cells and insect behavior. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.null对于集体创作的书籍，应将集体的名称写在作者名处 National Institute of Mental Health. (1990). Clinical training in serious mental illness (DHHS Publication No. ADM90-1679). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. 无作者名或编者名的书籍应以作品名代替作者名，并根据作品名的第一个单词按字母顺序排序 Merriam — Webster' s collegiate dictionary (10th ed. ). (1993). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.null对于再版的书籍，应在括号内注明是第几版 Dreyfus, H. (1989). What computers can‘t do (2nd ed.). New York: Harper & Row. 如果是编辑的书籍，应在作者名后面用括号标明：editor为Ed.或editors为Eds. GibbsJ. T. , & Huang, L. N. (Eds.). (1991). Children of color: Psychological interventions with minority youth. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 如果是翻译的书籍，应在作品名后用括号注明译者的名字的首个字母和姓氏，以及 “Trans”，最后再用括号注明原著的出版日期 Freud, S. (1970) An outline of psychoanalysis (J. Strachey, Trans. ). New York: Norton. (Original work published 1940) null对于多卷本的书籍，应在作品名后注明卷数，如该卷有独立的名称，也应一起注明 Wilson, J. G. , & Fraser, F. C. (Eds.). (1977-1978). Handbook of teratology (Vols. 1—4). New York: Plenum Press. Freehling.W. W. (1992). Secessionists at bay, 1776-1854: Vol. 1. The road to disunion. New York: Oxford University Press. 如果参考文献中含有同一个作者的多本书籍，应按照出版时间的先后顺序排列；如果都属于同一年的出版物，则应根据作品名中除冠词外的第一个单词按字母顺序排列 Neisser, U. (1967). Cognitive psychology. New York: Wiley. Neisser, U. (1967). Personality and assessment. New York: Wiley.2、期刊文章2、期刊文章基本格式： （1）作者部分：首先写出作者的姓氏，再写出作者的名字的首个字母，用 “,”隔开，结尾作用句号。一般要列出全部作者姓名。 （2）出版日期：作用括号注明出版年代，如有月和日，也应注明。其余用书籍格式。 （3）作品名：1）标题及副标题的第一个单词及其中的专有名词首字母大写，文章标题部分后使用句号；2）期刊名称、卷号及页码之间用逗号隔开，其中的期刊名称和卷号应使用斜体字，而且除了冠词和介词以外的所有单词都应首字母大写，所有页码必须全，不可省略。 Berndt,T. J. (2002). Friendship quality and social development. Current Directions in Psychological Science , 11, 7—10. Dorworth, T. R. , & Overmier, J. B. (1977). On "learned helplessness": The therapeutic effects of electroconvulsive shocks. Physiological Psychology , 5, 355-358. null期刊的卷号(volume number)部分通常不包括期号(issue number)，但如果该期刊是按照每期单独编排页码的，则应在卷号后面用括号标明期号，期号部分不用斜体。 Harris, M. , Karper, E. , Stacks, G. , Hoffman, D. , DeNiro, R. , Cruz, P. , et al. (2001). Writing labs and the Hollywood connection. Journal of Film and Writing, 44(3), 213-245. 如果该期刊没有使用统一的卷号，如某些月刊、周刊或日报，则应在出版日期部分注明出版的月份或日期，并在页码部分注明 “p.”或 “pp.” Chandler-Crisp, S. (1988, May). "Aerobic writing" : a writing practice model. Writing Lab Newsletter , pp. 9—11. Kauffmann, S. (1993, October 18). On films: class consciousness. The New Republic , p. 30. 3、电子资源3、电子资源内容： （1）数据库资源(databases): 光盘数据库(CD-ROM databases) 和在线数据库(on-line databases) （2）网络资源(Internet): 包括各种形式的期刊（如journal、newsletter、newspaper等)中的文章 尽量注明： 文章作者、发表日期、文章标题、资源名称（斜体）和形式说明（方括号）、检索日期和途径等 Smyth, A. M. , Parker, A. L. , & Pease, D. L. (2002). A study of enjoyment of peas. Journal of Abnormal Eating, 8(3). Retrieved February 20, 2003, from PsycARTICLES database. Plonsky, M. (2004). Psychology with style: A hypertext writing guide (Version 5). Retrieved January 10, 2004, from http://www. uwsp. edu/psych/apa4b. htmnull如果文章查阅于文字期刊的电子形式，可以在文章标题后用方括号注明其形式如：[Electronic version] ，或同时注明检索途径等信息。 Honeycutt, E. D. , Glassman, M. , Zugelder, M. T. , & Karande, K. (2001, July). Determinants of ethical behavior: A study of autosalespeople [Electronic version]. Journal of Business Ethics, 32 (1), 69—79. 对于没有文字形式的期刊中的文章，应注明检索的日期与途径，检索途径应写明详细的URL，要让读者能够直接进入文章内容。 Taylor, C. (1992, August 10). Reflections on windows word processing. Buffer: The Newsjournal of Computing at the University of Denver [Electronic Version]. Retrieved from http : //du. edu. directory: buffer/ool 8 — 1992 File: windows 对于没有作者名的电子资源，应直接以文章名称开始，如果没有发表日期，应在文章标题后的括号中注明 “n. d.”。 Greater New Milford (Ct) Area Healthy Community 2000, Task Force on Teen and Adolescent Issues, (n. d. ). Who has time for a family meal7 You do ! Retrieved October 5, 2000, from http: //www. familymealtime. org致谢 Acknowledgements致谢 Acknowledgements对象： （1）帮助作者获得灵感，形成构想，在论文完成过程中提出参考意见，为作者想办法、出主意的单位或个人。如导师等。 （2）为作者的实验工作提供方便和帮助的单位或个人。如提供实验室、实验设备及其它实验材料的单位、协助完成实验的工作人员等。 （3）为作者的研究工作提供资金支持的单位或个人。如以赠送或成立研究基金等方式向作者提供经济支持的机构或个人等。Acknowledgements Acknowledgements On the completion of my thesis, I should like to express my deepest gratitude to all those whose kindness and advice have made this work possible. I am greatly indebted to my tutor Professor Liu Jianbo who gave me valuable instructions, and urged me to begin my research work as soon as possible. His effective advice, shrewd comments and quick corrections have kept the thesis in the right direction. I am grateful to Professor Chen Zhi‘an, Professor Li Li, Professor Liu Jiarong and Professor Zhou Rong of the School of Foreign Languages of Southwest China Normal University. They have improved me in language and in research methodology and have shown me into the fascinating world of English literature and western culture. My gratitude is to my husband Dr. Guo Yingjian who constantly encouraged me when I felt frustrated with this dissertation. I am grateful for his constructive suggestions and careful reading of the manuscript.Acknowledgements Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge J. H. Eberly for involvement in this problem and for many illuminating discussions. We would like to thank H. A. Haus and J. M. Fini for PHY94-15583 and PHY97-32445, the Office of Nava Research, and RFBR Grant Nos. 97-02-16013-a and 00-02-17014. V. K is also grateful for the financial support of the Grant Center for Natural Sciences of St. Petersburg.null