ASTM B26-05 铝合金砂型铸造标准05

Designation: B 26/B 26M – 05 Standard Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Sand Castings1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 26/B 26M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. 1. Scope* 1.1 This specification2 covers aluminum-alloy sand castings designated as shown in Table 1. 1.2 This specification is not intended for aluminum-alloy sand castings used in aerospace applications. 1.3 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1 and H35.1M. Unified Numbering System alloy designations are in accordance with Practice E 527. 1.4 Unless the order specifies the “M” specification desig- nation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units. 1.5 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys and their properties in this specification, see Annex A1 and Annex A2. 1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date of material purchase form a part of this specification to the extent referenced herein: 2.2 ASTM Standards: 3 B 179 Specification for Aluminum Alloys in Ingot and Molten Forms for Castings from All Casting Processes B 275 Practice for Codification of Certain Nonferrous Met- als and Alloys, Cast and Wrought B 557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products B 557M Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products [Metric] B 660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and Magnesium Products B 881 Terminology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products B 917/B 917M Practice for Heat Treatment of Aluminum- Alloy Castings from All Processes D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications E 34 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Base-Alloys E 88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition E 94 Guide for Radiographic Examination E 155 Reference Radiographs for Examination of Alumi- num and Magnesium Castings E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS) E 607 Test Method for Optical Emission Spectrometric Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by the Point-to-Plane Technique, Nitrogen Atmosphere E 716 Practices for Sampling Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys for Spectrochemical Analysis E 1251 Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Alumi- num Alloys by Atomic Emission Spectrometry IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System 2.3 AMS Standard:4 AMS 2771 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Castings 2.4 American National Standards:5 H35.1 Alloy and Temper Designation System for Alumi- num 1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.01 on Aluminum Alloy Ingots and Castings. Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published September 2005. Originally approved in 1918. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B 26/B 26M – 03. 2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- cation SB-26/SB-26M in Section II of that Code. 3 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website. 4 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. 5 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02, in the Related Material section (gray pages). 1 *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Reproduction authorized per License Agreement with Kathe Hooper (ASTMIHS Account); Mon Sep 26 13:27:12 EDT 2005 Copyright ASTM International Reproduced by IHS under license with ASTM Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` , , ` ` ` , , , , ` ` ` ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - H35.1(M) Alloy and Temper Designation System for Alu- minum [Metric] 2.5 Military Standards:6 MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage MIL-STD-276 Impregnation of Porous Nonferrous Metal Castings NAVSEA Technical Publication S9074-AR-GIB-010/278 2.6 Federal Standard:6 Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies) 3. Terminology 3.1 Definitions—Refer to Terminology B 881 for definitions of product terms used in this specification. 3.2 sand casting—a metal object produced by pouring molten metal into a sand mold and allowing it to solidify. 4. Ordering Information 4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information (1.4 and 1.5): 4.1.1 This specification designation (which includes the number, year, and revision letter, if applicable), NOTE 1—For inch-pound application, specify Specification B 26 and for metric application specify Specification B 26M. Do not mix units. 4.1.2 The quantity in either pieces or pounds [kilograms], 4.1.3 Alloy (Section 7 and Table 1), 4.1.4 Temper (Section 12 and Table 2), and 4.1.5 Applicable drawing or part number, 4.2 Additionally, orders for material to this specification shall include the following information when required by the purchaser: 4.2.1 Whether chemical analysis and tensile property re- ports are required (Table 1 and Table 2), 4.2.2 Whether castings or test bars, or both, may be artifi- cially aged for Alloys 705.0-T5, 707.0-T5, 712.0-T5, and 713.0-T5 (12.2) and whether yield strength tests are required for these alloys; 4.2.3 Whether test specimens cut from castings are required in addition to, or instead of, separately cast specimens (Sec- tions 12 and 15); 4.2.4 Whether repairs are permissible (18.1), 4.2.5 Whether inspection is required at the producer’s works (Section 20); 4.2.6 Whether certification is required (23.1); 4.2.7 Whether surface requirements shall be checked against observational standards where such standards are established (21.1); 6 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098. TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Limits NOTE 1—When single units are shown, these indicate the maximum amounts permitted. NOTE 2—Analysis shall be made for the elements for which limits are shown in this table. NOTE 3—The following applies to all specified limits in this table: For purposes of determining conformance to these limits, an observed value or a calculated value obtained from analysis shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the specified limit in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E 29. Alloy Aluminum Composition, (Values in Weight Percent) Others ANSI UNS Silicon Iron Copper Man-ganese Magne- sium Chromium Nickel Zinc Tin Titanium Each Total 201.0 A02010 remainder 0.10 0.15 4.0–5.2 0.20–0.50 0.15–0.55 ... ... ... ... 0.15–0.35 0.05A 0.10 204.0 A02040 remainder 0.20 0.35 4.2–5.0 0.10 0.15–0.35 ... 0.05 0.10 0.05 0.15–0.30 0.05 0.15 242.0 A02420 remainder 0.7 1.0 3.7–4.5 0.35 1.2–1.8 0.25 1.7–2.3 0.35 ... 0.25 0.05 0.15 A242.0 A12420 remainder 0.6 0.8 3.7–4.5 0.10 1.2–1.7 0.15–0.25 1.8–2.3 0.10 ... 0.07–0.20 0.05 0.15 295.0 A02950 remainder 0.7–1.5 1.0 4.0–5.0 0.35 0.03 ... ... 0.35 ... 0.25 0.05 0.15 319.0 A03190 remainder 5.5–6.5 1.0 3.0–4.0 0.50 0.10 ... 0.35 1.0 ... 0.25 ... 0.50 328.0 A03280 remainder 7.5–8.5 1.0 1.0–2.0 0.20–0.6 0.20–0.6 0.35 0.25 1.5 ... 0.25 ... 0.50 355.0 A03550 remainder 4.5–5.5 0.6B 1.0–1.5 0.50B 0.40–0.6 0.25 ... 0.35 ... 0.25 0.05 0.15 C355.0 A33550 remainder 4.5–5.5 0.20 1.0–1.5 0.10 0.40–0.6 ... ... 0.10 ... 0.20 0.05 0.15 356.0 A03560 remainder 6.5–7.5 0.6B 0.25 0.35B 0.20–0.45 ... ... 0.35 ... 0.25 0.05 0.15 A356.0 A13560 remainder 6.5–7.5 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.25–0.45 ... ... 0.10 ... 0.20 0.05 0.15 443.0 A04430 remainder 4.5–6.0 0.8 0.6 0.50 0.05 0.25 ... 0.50 ... 0.25 ... 0.35 B443.0 A24430 remainder 4.5–6.0 0.8 0.15 0.35 0.05 ... ... 0.35 ... 0.25 0.05 0.15 512.0 A05120 remainder 1.4–2.2 0.6 0.35 0.8 3.5–4.5 0.25 ... 0.35 ... 0.25 0.05 0.15 514.0 A05140 remainder 0.35 0.50 0.15 0.35 3.5–4.5 ... ... 0.15 ... 0.25 0.05 0.15 520.0 A05200 remainder 0.25 0.30 0.25 0.15 9.5–10.6 ... ... 0.15 ... 0.25 0.05 0.15 535.0 A05350 remainder 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.10–0.25 6.2–7.5 ... ... ... ... 0.10–0.25 0.05C 0.15 705.0 A07050 remainder 0.20 0.8 0.20 0.40–0.6 1.4–1.8 0.20–0.40 ... 2.7–3.3 ... 0.25 0.05 0.15 707.0 A07070 remainder 0.20 0.8 0.20 0.40–0.6 1.8–2.4 0.20–0.40 ... 4.0–4.5 ... 0.25 0.05 0.15 710.0D A07100 remainder 0.15 0.50 0.35–0.65 0.05 0.6–0.8 ... ... 6.0–7.0 ... 0.25 0.05 0.15 712.0D A07120 remainder 0.30 0.50 0.25 0.10 0.50–0.65 0.40–0.6 ... 5.0–6.5 ... 0.15–0.25 0.05 0.20 713.0 A07130 remainder 0.25 1.1 0.40–1.0 0.6 0.20–0.50 0.35 0.15 7.0–8.0 ... 0.25 0.10 0.25 771.0 A07710 remainder 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.8–1.0 0.06–0.20 ... 6.5–7.5 ... 0.10–0.20 0.05 0.15 850.0 A08500 remainder 0.7 0.7 0.7–1.3 0.10 0.10 ... 0.7–1.3 ... 5.5–7.0 0.20 ... 0.30 851.0D A08510 remainder 2.0–3.0 0.7 0.7–1.3 0.10 0.10 ... 0.30–0.7 ... 5.5–7.0 0.20 ... 0.30 852.0D A08520 remainder 0.40 0.7 1.7–2.3 0.10 0.6–0.9 ... 0.9–1.5 ... 5.5–7.0 0.20 ... 0.30 A Contains silver 0.40–1.0 %. B If iron exceeds 0.45 %, manganese content shall not be less than one half of the iron content. C Contains beryllium 0.003–0.007 %, boron 0.005 % max. D 710.0 formerly A712.0, 712.0 formerly D712.0, 851.0 formerly A850.0, 852.0 formerly B850.0. B 26/B 26M – 05 2 Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Reproduction authorized per License Agreement with Kathe Hooper (ASTMIHS Account); Mon Sep 26 13:27:12 EDT 2005 Copyright ASTM International Reproduced by IHS under license with ASTM Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` , , ` ` ` , , , , ` ` ` ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - 4.2.8 Whether liquid penetrant inspection is required (21.2); 4.2.9 Whether radiographic inspection is required (21.3); 4.2.10 Whether foundry control is required (Section 11); and 4.2.11 Whether Practice B 660 applies and, if so, the levels of preservation, packaging, and packing required (25.4). 5. Quality Assurance 5.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the producer shall be responsible for the performance of all inspections and test requirements specified herein. Unless disapproved by the purchaser, the producer may use his own or any other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspec- tion and test requirements specified herein. The purchaser shall have the right to perform any of the inspections and tests set forth in this specification where such inspections are deemed necessary to confirm that the material conforms to prescribed requirements. 6. Manufacture 6.1 The responsibility of furnishing castings that can be laid out and machined to the finished dimensions within the TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsA (Inch-Pound Units) NOTE 1—For purposes of determining conformance with this specification, each value for tensile strength and yield strength shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 ksi and each value for elongation shall be rounded to the nearest 0.5 % , both in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E 29. Alloy TemperB Tensile Strength, min, ksi Yield Strength (0.2 % offset), min, ksi Elongation in 2 in. or 4 x diameter, min, % Typical Brinell Hard- ness,C 500 kgf, 10 mmANSID UNS 201.0 A02010 T7 60.0 50.0 3.0 ... 204.0 A02040 T4 45.0 28.0 6.0 ... 242.0 A02420 OE 23.0 F F 70 T61 32.0 20.0 F 105 A242.0 A12420 T75 29.0 F 1.0 75 295.0 A02950 T4 29.0 13.0 6.0 60 T6 32.0 20.0 3.0 75 T62 36.0 28.0 F 95 T7 29.0 16.0 3.0 70 319.0 A03190 F T5 T6 23.0 25.0 31.0 13.0 F 20.0 1.5 F 1.5 70 80 80 328.0 A03280 F T6 25.0 34.0 14.0 21.0 1.0 1.0 60 80 355.0 A03550 T6 T51 T71 32.0 25.0 30.0 20.0 18.0 22.0 2.0 F F 80 65 75 C355.0 A33550 T6 36.0 25.0 2.5 ... 356.0 A03560 F 19.0 9.5 2.0 55 T6 30.0 20.0 3.0 70 T7 31.0 F F 75 T51 23.0 16.0 F 60 T71 25.0 18.0 3.0 60 A356.0 A13560 T6 T61 34.0 35.0 24.0 26.0 3.5 1.0 80 ... 443.0 A04430 F 17.0 7.0 3.0 40 B443.0 512.0 A24430 A05120 F F 17.0 17.0 6.0 10.0 3.0 ... 40 50 514.0 A05140 F 22.0 9.0 6.0 50 520.0 A05200 T4 42.0 22.0 12.0 75 535.0 A05350 F 35.0 18.0 9.0 70 705.0 A07050 T5 30.0 17.0G 5.0 65 707.0 A07070 T7 37.0 30.0G 1.0 80 710.0H A07100 T5 32.0 20.0 2.0 75 712.0H A07120 T5 34.0 25.0G 4.0 75 713.0 A07130 T5 32.0 22.0 3.0 75 771.0 A07710 T5 42.0 38.0 1.5 100 T51 32.0 27.0 3.0 85 T52 36.0 30.0 1.5 85 T6 42.0 35.0 5.0 90 T71 48.0 45.0 2.0 120 850.0 A08500 T5 16.0 F 5.0 45 851.0H A08510 T5 17.0 F 3.0 45 852.0H A08520 T5 24.0 18.0 F 60 A If agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser, other mechanical properties may be obtained by other heat treatments such as annealing, aging, or stress relieving. B Refer to ANSI H35.1 or H35.1M, or both, for description of tempers. C For information only, not required for acceptance. D ASTM alloy designations are recorded in Practice B 275. E Formerly designated as 222.0-T2 and 242.0-T21. F Not required. G Yield strength to be determined only when specified in the contract or purchase order. H 710.0 formerly A712.0, 712.0 formerly D712.0, 851.0 formerly A850.0, 852.0 formerly B850.0. B 26/B 26M – 05 3 Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Reproduction authorized per License Agreement with Kathe Hooper (ASTMIHS Account); Mon Sep 26 13:27:12 EDT 2005 Copyright ASTM International Reproduced by IHS under license with ASTM Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- permissible variations specified, as shown on the blueprints or drawings, shall rest with the producer, except where pattern equipment is furnished by the purchaser. 7. Chemical Composition 7.1 The castings shall conform to the chemical composition limits prescribed in Table 1. Conformance shall be determined by the producer by analyzing samples taken at the time the castings are poured, or samples taken from castings or tension test specimens representative of castings. If the producer has determined the chemical composition of the material during the course of manufacture, he shall not be required to sample and analyze the finished product. 8. Sampling 8.1 A sample for determining of chemical composition shall be taken to represent the following: 8.1.1 Not more than 2000 lb [1000 kg] of clean castings (gates and risers removed) or a single casting poured from one furnace. 8.1.2 Castings poured continuously from one furnace for not more than 8 consecutive hours. 8.2 Samples for determination of chemical composition shall be taken in accordance with one of the following methods: 8.2.1 Samples for Chemical Analysis— Samples for chemi- cal analysis shall be in accordance with Practice E 88 except that the weight of a prepared sample shall be not less than 75 g. 8.2.2 Samples for Spectrochemical and Other Methods of Analysis—Sampling for spectrochemical analysis shall be in accordance with Practices E 716. Samples for other methods of analysis shall be suitable for the form of material being analyzed and the type of analytical methods used. 9. Methods for Determination of Chemical Composition 9.1 The determination of chemical composition shall be made in accordance with suitable chemical (Test Methods E 34) or spectrochemical (Test Methods E 607 and E 1251) methods. Other methods may be used only when no published ASTM method is available. In case of dispute, the method of analysis shall be agreed upon by the producer and the pur- chaser. 10. Material Requirements—Castings Produced for Governmental and Military Agencies 10.1 Unless otherwise specified, only aluminum alloy con- forming to the requirements of Specification B 179 or produc- er’s foundry scrap (identified as being made from alloy conforming to Specification B 179) shall be used in the remelting furnace from which molten metal is taken for pouring directly into castings. Additions of small amounts of modifiers and grain refining elements or alloys are permitted. 10.1.1 Pure materials, recycled materials, and master alloys may be used to make alloys conforming to this specification, provided chemical analysis can be taken and adjusted to conform to Table 1 prior to pouring any castings. 11. Foundry Control—Castings Produced for Governmental or Military Agencies, or Both 11.1 When specified, castings shall be produced under foundry control approved by the purchaser. Foundry control shall consist of examination of castings by radiographic or other approved methods for determining internal discontinui- ties until the gating, pouring, and other foundry practices have been established to produce castings meeting the quality standards furnished by the purchaser or agreed upon between the purchaser and the producer. When foundry practices have been so established, the production method shall not be significantly changed without demonstrating to the satisfaction of the purchaser that the change does not adversely affect the quality of the castings. Minor changes in pouring temperature of 650°F [628°C] from the established nominal temperature are permissible. 12. Tensile Properties 12.1 The separately cast test specimens representing the castings shall meet the mechanical properties prescribed in Table 2. 12.2 Although Alloys 705.0, 707.0, 712.0, and 713.0 are most frequently used in the naturally aged condition, by agreement between the producer and the purchaser, the cast- ings may be artificially aged to the T5 temper. The producer and the purchaser may also agree to base the acceptance of castings on artificially aged test bars. The conditions of artificial aging shown in Practice B 917/B 917M shall be employed unless other conditions are accepted by mutual consent. 12.3 When specified, the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation values of specimens cut from castings shall be not less than 75 % of the tensile and yield strength values and not less than 25 % of the elongation values specified in Table 2 [Table 3]. The measurement of the elongation is not required for test specimens cut from castings if 25 % of the specified minimum elongation value published in Table 2 [Table 3] is 0.5 % or less. If grade D quality castings as described in Table 4 are specified, no tensile tests shall be specified nor tensile requirements be met on specimens cut from castings. 13. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 13.1 The finished castings shall be uniform in composition and free of blowholes, cracks, shrinks, and other discontinui- ties except as designated and agreed u