周恩来英语介绍Great Leader --Zhou Enlai

nullnull为中华崛起而读书！ Study for the prosperity and development of our nation! ------Zhou EnlaiHis ChildhoodHis Childhood Zhou Enlai was born in a wealthy family in Huaian , Jiangsu Province ,in 1889. Supposedly, he had an unhappy childhood. Four months after his birth ,he was adopted by his uncle ,shortly after which his foster father died . In 1907 ,his mother and foster mother both went away, which pushed him into despair and poverty ,and he had to work to support the family .The Revolution The Revolution In 1910 ,he went to Manchuria with his uncle ,studying academics including politics which affected him greatly. In 1913 ,he went to Nankai middle school, and four years later he left to Japan ,France for further study where he joined in Chinese Communist Party and established the Chinese Communist’s Youth Group. Afterwards ,he went to England and Germany to study. In 1924 ,he returned to Guangzhou and play an important role in the CCP.nullAs members of the Communist Party Mao Zedong, Zhu De and Zhou Enlai adapted the ideas of Lenin who had successfully achieved a revolution in Russia in 1917. They argued that in Asia it was important to concentrate on the countryside rather than the towns, in order to create a revolutionary elite. Zhou Enlai also worked closely with the Kuomintang and was appointed deputy director of the political department of the Whampoa Military Academy. With the help of advisers from the Soviet Union the Kuomintang gradually increased its power in China. After Sun Yat-sen’s death Chiang Kai-shek emerged as the most important figure in the organization. He now carried out a purge that eliminated the communists from the organization. Those communists who survived managed to established the Jiangxi Soviet.nullThe nationalists now imposed a blockade and Mao Zedong decided to evacuate the area and establish a new stronghold in the north-west of China. In October 1934 Mao, Zhou Enlai, Lin Biao, Zhu De, and some 100,000 men and their dependents headed west through mountainous areas. The marchers experienced terrible hardships. The most notable passages included the crossing of the suspension bridge over a deep gorge at Luting (May, 1935), travelling over the Tahsueh Shan mountains (August, 1935) and the swampland of Sikang (September, 1935). The marchers covered about fifty miles a day and reached Shensi on 20th October 1935. It is estimated that only around 30,000 survived the 8,000-mile Long March. When the Japanese Army invaded the heartland of China in 1937, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to move his capital from the Northeast. An effort to beat the Japanese he agreed to collaborate with Mao Zedong and his communist army. Xi’an IncidentXi’an IncidentDuring the incident solution ,Zhou represented Chairman Mao and the CCP to Xi’an to help deal with the event peacefully, and then he did. Chiang Kai-shek was forced to accept stop suppressed unity against Japan claims, led to the second Kuomintang-Chinese Communist cooperation and a peaceful settlement. During the Communist-Kuomintang rapprochement from 1936 to 1946, he moved as the chief Communist liaison。Serve the peopleServe the people1949 saw the foundation of the People’s Republic of China ,after which he became premier and foreign minister . In 1950 ,Zhou ,together with Mao Zedong visited the Soviet Union and established a good relationship between two countries . Serve the peopleZhou Enlai contributed to China’s modernization and internationalization. In June 1953, he made five declarations for peace in the talks with Nehru. This declaration made China open, and not isolated , from the other Asian countries. Serve the peopleServe the people Serve the people He took part in the Geneva Conference of 1954 and the Bandung Conference of 1955; a place where he exercised his excellent diplomatic skills. In 1958 he resigned as foreign minister, but retained his title as Premiere. As a practical person, Zhou maintained his position throughout all of Communist China‘s ideological upheavals, including the Great Leap Forward of 1958, and subsequently the Cultural Revolution.Serve the people Serve the people He was drawn back from the political front lines in the early half of 1960s because he contradicted the Great Leap Forward. As a result of the failure on the Great Leap Forward, Mao retired from the post of chairman of the People's Republic of China. His place as head of state was taken by Liu Shaoqi. Mao remained important in determining overall policy.Serve the people Mao Zedong became openly involved in politics in 1966 when with Lin Biao he initiated the Cultural Revolution. Mao galvanized students and young workers as his Red Guards to attack revisionists in the party Zhou Enlai at first gave his support to the campaign but became concerned when fighting broke out between the Red Guards and the revisionists. In order to achieve peace at the end of 1966 he called for an end to these attacks on party officials. Mao remained in control of the Cultural Revolution and with the support of the army was able to oust the revisionists.Serve the people Serve the people During the Cultural Revolution he made a great effort to save comrades being persecuted or imprisoned and as a result he was criticized by Jiang Qing and Red Guards. In the early of 1970s, he served a prominent post in the party. His suggested policies including his "Four Modernization" to reconstruct China having been destroyed and confused by the Cultural Revolution. Before he became ill， he was largely responsible for China's reestablishing contact with the West. Serve the people Serve the people Although he continued to be attacked by the Red Guards Zhou Enlai survived in power and was the main architect of the Détente policy with the United States and met Richard Nixon in China in February 1972. In May , the worst news came that he was seriously ill and it was defined cancer. However ,he still worked hard ,fighted against Jiang Qing ,supporting Deng Xiaoping . In January 1975, he and Deng took the charge of the states. In May ,Deng began to criticited Jiang’s Group for his support according to Mao Zedong.Serve the people The last sight Unfortunatedly,on January 8, 1976, when he was seventy-eight years old, he died with his unrealized great dream.The last sight nullnullnullZhou and his wifeZhou and his wifeZhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao married in 1925.EvaluationsEvaluationsHe is a handsome man in our hearts He is a man ,a true man. He is a great son of China . He had a certain charismatic and charming persona about him, and he often used this to aid him in diplomatic situations. EvaluationsHe was the most popular leader in China during the 20th century, while at the same time supporting leaders like Mao. He exercised his diplomatic skill to open China rather than isolate it from the rest of the world. In turn, he brought China into a period of stable economic vitality His unhappy childhood had a great impact on his life. His sensitiveness, excessive behavior, and unbelievable contributions to work might have stemmed from his childhood.EvaluationsEvaluationsHe always chose the positive over the negative, and called on the people to unite and cooperate. In the end, many mourned his death, as they lost not only a leader, but also a brother, and a symbolic father. After his death ,one million five hundred thousand people came to see his coffin, and memorials for him were held everywhere. "He looks to have left nothing for us. But...he have hundreds millions of children and grandchildren, and all the land of China is grave for him."Evaluations