医学英语词根表

Chapter11 the Nervous System Chapter 2 formation of medical terminology (1) here is a table of the most commonly used prefixes prefix meaning example a-/an- without; not aphasia [əˋfeiziə]: the inability to understand written or spoken words or to speak meaningfully失语症 ab- away from abortion [əˋbɔːʃn]: expulsion [ ɪk'spʌlʃn] fromthe uterus [ˋjuːtərəs]（子宫） 流产 ad- to; toward; near adnasal [ædˈneizəl]: near the nose 近鼻的 acro- a point or tip acronyx: growing into the flesh嵌甲 alb- white albino  [ælˋbiːnəu]: a person lacking normal pigmentation（色素沉着，着色） [ˏpiɡmənˋteiʃən] 白化病人,白化体 amb-/ ambi- both ambisexual  [ˏæmbiˋseksjuəl]、bisexual [baiˋseksjuəl]: (person) who is sexually attracted to both males and famales 两性的,雌雄同体的 两性兼有行为 amphi-/ ampho- both; both sides amphicentric  [ˏæmfiˋsentrik]: beginning and ending in the same vessel起止同源的 ana- up; back again anabolism [əˋnæbəlizm]: process of building up complex chemical substances on the basis of simpler ones 合成代谢，组成代谢 angio- a blood vessel angioma [ændʒiˋəumə]: benign tumor formed of blood vessel血管瘤 ante- before antenatal  [ˏæntiˋneitl]: during the period between conception and childbirth 出生前的，产前的 anti- against antidepressant [ˏæntidiˋpresənt]: (drug) used to treat depression抗抑郁剂 audi- hearing; sound audiometry [ˏɔːdiˋɔmitri]: science of testing hearing听力测验法，测听法 auto- self autoantibody  [ˏɔːtəuˋæntiˏbɔdi]: antibody formed to attack the body’s own cells自身抗体 bi- two; twice bicellular [baiˋseljulə]: two cells两细胞的 bio- living organisms生命体 biochemistry [ˏbaiəuˋkemistri]: chemistry living tissues生物化学 brady- slow bradycardia [ˏbrædiˋkɑːdiə]: slow rate of heart contraction, shown by a slow pulse rate心动过缓，心搏徐缓 carcin- carcinoma [ˏkɑːsiˋnəumə] or cancer癌；瘤 carcinogen  [ˋkɑːsinədʒen]: a cancer-causing substance致癌物，致癌原 cata- downwards; under; against; along with cataract [ˋkætərækt]: condition where the lens （晶状体）of the eye gradually becomes hard and opaque （不透明的，不透光的）[əuˋpeik] 白内障 centi- one hundredth百分之一 centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one hundredth of a meter)厘米 co(n)- with or together consanguineous  [ˏkɔnsæŋˋɡwiniəs]: blood relationship血亲的，同血缘的 contra- against contraception [ˏkɔntrəˋsepʃn]: prevention of pregnancy by using devices or drugs 避孕，节育 de- removal or loss decaffeinated /diːˈkæfɪneɪtɪd/: (coffee) with the caffeine removed 脱去咖啡因的 deca- ten decagram [ˋdekəɡræm]: ten grams 十克 deci- tenth deciliter  [ˋdesiˏliːtə]: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenth of a little)1/10公升 di- two diglossia [ˏdaiˋɡlɔsiə]: a double tongue使用两种语言 dia- through; between; apart; across diathermy  [ˋdaiəˏθəːmi]: process of (treating) through heat 透热疗法，,电热疗法,透热法 dis- reversal or separate disintegrate [disˈintigreit]: to come to pieces分解，分解，蜕变 dys- bad; difficult; disordered dysarthrosis [ˏdisɑːˋθrəusis]: deformity [diˋfɔːmiti]（变形，畸形）or malformation  [ˏmælfɔːˋmeiʃən]（变形，畸形）of a joint 关节变形，构音障碍 echo- sound echocardiography [ˏekəuˏkɑːdiˋɔɡrəfi]: ultrasonography  [ˏʌltrəsəˋnɔɡrəfi]（超声波检查法,超声波扫描术）of the heart 超声心动描记术 ect-/ ecto- outside or outer ecchondroma [ˏekɔnˋdrəumə]: benign tumor on the surface of cartilage（软骨） [ˋkɑːtilidʒ] or bone外生软骨瘤 en- in; within enostosis  [ˏenɔsˋtəusis]: benign growth inside a bone内生骨疣 endo- inside endocardium  [ˏendəuˋkɑːdiəm]: membrane which lines the heart心内膜 epi- on; over epidermis: outer layer of skin表皮 ery- red erythrocyte  [iˋriθrəusait]: mature non-nucleated red blood cell红细胞，红血球 eso- inward; within(向内) esotropia  [ˏesəuˋtrəupiə]: turning inward of the eye内斜视 eu- good eugenics [juːˋdʒeniks]: study of how to improve the human race by genetic selection优生学 ex-/ exo- out of exhale [ eks'heɪl]: to breath out 呼出，排放 extra- outside extracapsular  [ˏekstrəˋkæpsjulə]: outside a capsule  [ˋkæpsjuːl]（胶囊，囊，被膜） 关节囊外的，囊外的 hemi- half hemiplegia  [ˏhemiˋpliːdʒiə]: severe paralysis affecting one side of the body 偏瘫,半身不遂 hydro- water hydrocele [ˋhaidrəsiːl]: collection of watery liquid found in a cavity such as the scrotum（肾囊,阴囊）[ˋskrəutəm] 水囊肿,阴囊水囊肿,睾丸鞘膜积液 hyper- higher or too much hyperglycaemia [ˌhʌɪpəglʌɪˈsiːmɪə]: excess of glucose [ˋɡluːkəus](葡萄糖) in the blood高血糖症 hypo- less or too little hypokalaemia [ˌhaipəkəˈli:miə]: deficiency of potassium（钾） [pəˋtæsjəm] in the blood 低血钾 in- in or into inbreeding ['inbri:diŋ]: breeding between a closely related male and female 近亲交配 in- not incoherent[ˏinkəuˋhiərənt]: not able to speak in a way which makes sense 不连贯的 infra- below or beneath infrapatellar [ˏinfrəpəˋtelə]: below or beneath the patella[pə'telə]( 膝盖骨; 膝节; 髌骨) 髌下的 inter- between interlobular [ˏintəˋlɔbjulə]: between lobules(小叶的) [ 'lɑbjuːl /'lɒb-]小叶间的 intra- inside intramedullary[ˏintrəmeˋdʌləri]: inside the bone marrow [ˋmærəu]（髓） or spinal cord（脊髓） 髓内的 itro- into introvert [ˌintrəuˈvə:t]: person who thinks only about himself and his own mental state内向性格者 mal- bad or abnormal malfunction: abnormal working of an argan机能障碍，机能不良 meta- changes metaplasia  [ˏmetəˋpleizjə]: change of one tissue to another 化生，转化，组织变形 micro- very small microcyte [ˋmaikrəsait]: abnormally small red blood cell小红细胞 mid- middle midcarpal  [midˋdɑːpl]: between the two rows of carpal（腕骨的，腕骨） ['kɑ:pəl] bones 腕骨间的 milli- one thousandth milligram ['mɪlɪgræm]: unit of measurement of weight 毫克 mis- error or wrong miscarriage [mis'kæridʒ]: spontaneous abortion流产 multi- many multigravida [mʌlti'grævidə]: a woman who is pregnant and has been pregnant at least twice before 经产孕妇 noct- at night nocturia [nɔk'tjuəriə]: passing abnormally large quantity of urine when asleep in bed at night夜尿症 nona- nine or the nineth nonagon [ˈnɔnəɡən]: flat shape which has nine sides九边形 octa- eight octan  ['ɔktən]: every eight days每八日出现的发热,每八日再发的 odont- teeth odontology  [ˏɔdɔnˋtɔlədʒi]: study of teeth and associated structures, and their disorders 牙科学 onco- tumours oncology [ɔŋˋkɔlədʒi]: scientific study of new gowths肿瘤学 oro- mouth orolingual [ˏɔːrəuˋliŋɡwəl]: pertaining to the mouth and tongue口舌的 pachy- thickening pachysomia: condition where soft tissues of the body become abnormally thick躯体肥厚 pali-/ palin- against; pathologic repetition病态的重复 palindromic  [ˏpælinˋdrəmik]: (disease) which recurs 复发的，再发的 pan-/pant-/ panto- all pancytopenia  [ˏpænsaitəuˋpiːniə]: abnormal depression of all the cellular elements of the blood全血细胞减少症 para- similar to or near; changed or beyond paralyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so that they cannot function使麻痹，使瘫痪 pen-/ penta- five pentosuria [ˏpentəuˋsjuəriə]: excretion[eks'kri:ʃən]（排泄） of pentoses（戊糖(类),五碳糖(类)）in the urine 戊糖尿 per- through percutaneous [ˏpəːkju(ː)ˋteinjəs]: done or administered through the skin经皮的 peri- around pericystitis[ˏperisisˋtaitis]: inflammation of tissue around the bladder膀胱周炎 pero- deformed or defective畸形有缺陷的 peromelia[ˏpiːrəuˋmiːliə]: congenital deformity of the limbs 四肢不全 pharmaco- drugs pharmacology [ˏfɑːməˋkɔlədʒi]: study of drugs or medicines, and their action, properties and characteristics药理学，药物学 pleo-/ pleio- too many pleokaryocyte[ˏpli(ː)əˋkæriəsait]: condition where a greater than normal number of cells in cerebrospinal（脑脊髓的）[ˏseribrəuˋspainl] fluid多核细胞 pluri- more pluriglandular[ˏpluəriˋɡlændjulə]: pertaining to or affecting several glands多腺性的 pneum-/ pneunmo- air or the lungs; breathing pneumonia[nju:'məunjə]: inflammation of a lung 肺炎 poly- touching many organs polyphagia [ˏpɔliˋfeidʒiə]: condition where a patient eats too much; morbid desire for every king of food 贪食症，杂食 post- after or later postprandial[pəust'prændiəl]: after a meal 餐后的 pre- before of in front of premature: early or before the normal time 早产儿,早期的 presby- old age presbyopia [.prezbi'əupiə]: an old person’s sight fails gradually老花眼，远视眼 pro-/ supin-/ pron- before or in front of lying on the back bend forward prognosis [prɔg'nəusis]: prediction of the outcome of a disease预测；预后 quadri-/ quint- four five/fifth quadruplet[ˋkwɔdruplit] or quad: one of four babies born to a mother at the same time四胎儿,四联体 radio- ray or radiation radiotherapy [reidiəu'θerəpi]: treating a disease by exposing the affected part to radioactive（放射性的）[ˏreidiəuˋæktiv] 放射线疗法，放射疗法 semi- half semiptosis ['semi'ptəusis]: the downward sagging of half or part of an organ 轻度睑下垂 sub- under submucous [sʌbˋmjuːkəs]: under the mucous [ˈmjuːkəs]（粘液的） membrane粘膜下的 super- above; extremely superalbuminosis: abnormal increase of albumin（白蛋白，清蛋白） [ælˋbjuːmin] 白蛋白过多 syn- with; joint syndesmosis [ˏsindezˋməusis]: joint where the ones are tightly linked by ligaments（韧带） [ 'lɪgəmənt] 韧带联合，韧带连结 supra- above; over suprarenal [su:pə'ri:nəl]: (situated) above a kidney 肾上腺，肾上的 tachy- fast tachycardia [.tæki'kɑ:diə]: rapid beating of the heart 心动过速 tetra- four tetracycline [.tetrə'saiklin] antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial（细菌的，细菌引起的） [bæk'tiriəl] diseases 四环素 trans- across; through; beyond transmission [trænzˋmiʃən]: the transfer, as of a disease, from one person to another 传播，传递 tri- three tricephalus: a fetus with three heads 三头畸胎 ultra- beyond; excess ultrasonics [ˏʌltrəˋsɔniks]: the science dealing with ultrasonic（超声波的） [ˏʌltrəˋsɔnik] sound waves 超声波学，超声学 uni- one uniglandular [ˏjuːniˋɡlændjulə]: affecting only one gland 单腺的 xen(o)- strange; foreign xenograft [ˋzenəɡrɑːft]: a graft of tissue transplant between animals of different species 异种移植物，异种移植 Chapter 3 formation of medical terminology (2) Here is a list of commonly used simple suffixes. suffix meaning example -ac pertaining to 属于，附属，关于 cardiac: [ˋkɑːdiæk] pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的 -al pertaining to medical: pertaining to medicine -ar pertaining to molecular[məuˋlekjulə]: pertaining to a molecule 分子的 -ary pertaining to belonging to ciliary[ˋsiliəri]: pertaining to the cilia [ˋsiliə]（纤毛，睫毛） 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的 -ase enzyme  [ˋenzaim]酶 amylase[ˋæmileis]: any enzyme that converts starch [stɑːtʃ]（淀粉）to sugar 淀粉酶 -cle smallness 小,少,贫乏 follicle[ˋfɔlikl]: a small bodily cavity or sac [sæk]（囊） 小囊,滤泡，卵泡 -e an instrument 仪器 auriscope[ˋɔːriskəup]: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜 -eal pertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx[ˋlæriŋks]（喉头） 喉的 -ia condition; quality phobia [ˋfəubjə]: abnormal fear 恐惧症 -ic pertaining to toxic[ˋtɔksik]: pertaining to toxin[ˋtɔksin]（毒素） 有毒的，毒物的，毒素的 -ics study of; name of a science paediatrics ['pɪːdɪ'ætrɪks]: study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学 -ine/in substance 物质 insulin [ˋinsjulin]：substance (hormone) produced by the islets（小岛） of langerhans（胰岛） in the pancreas[ˋpæŋkriəs]（胰腺） 胰岛素 -ism process or condition alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒 -ist one who specializes in 精通于……的人 pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家 -itis inflammation refers to a part in ……部位的炎症 rhinitis [raiˋnaitis]: inflammation of the nasal[ˋneizəl]（鼻的） passages（通道） 鼻炎，鼻粘膜的炎症 -(i)um relation to a whole; related to 与……相关 endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫内膜 -ive characterizes by antitussive [ˏæntiˋtʌsiv]: a drug that suppresses（镇压, 平定） coughing 止咳药，镇咳药，止咳的 -let tiny; small droplet: a tiny drop 小滴 -ment the result or product of an action development: thing which develops or is being developed; action of becoming mature -oid resembling; like 像 mucoid [ˋmjuːkɔid]: resembling mucus（粘液） ①粘液的，粘液样的；②粘蛋白样的；③类粘蛋白 -ole little; small centriole  [ˋsentriəul]: the small dense structure in the middle of the centrosome [ˋsentrəsəum]（中心体） 中心粒 -oma tumor; swelling refers to a doer dermatofibroma [ˏdəːmətəufaiˋbrəumə]: fibrous tumor of the skin 皮肤纤维瘤 -or/-er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli感受器，受体 -ory characterized by; pertaining to suspensory [səsˋpensəri]: which is hanging down 悬吊式，悬带 -ose sugar fructose [ˋfrʌktəus]: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖 -osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis  [ˏɔnikəukripˋtəusis]: abnormal condition of a hidden nail 嵌甲 -ous pertaining to poisonous [ˋpɔiznəs]: pertaining to poison; also containing poison 有毒的，毒的 -somes bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid（核酸. ） 核糖体 -um structure; thing; substance 结构，物质 magnesium [mægˈni:zjəm]: a white metallic（金属的）chemical substance 镁（金属元素） -y condition; act; process dystrophy [ˋdistrəfi]: disorder causedg by defective nutrition or metabolism（新陈代谢） 营养不良,营养障碍 the following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes suffix meaning example -algia pain; painful; condition arthralgia [ɑːˋθrældʒiə]: pain in a joint 关节痛 --ase enzyme [ˋenzaim] 酶素 protease [ˋprəutieis]: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶 -blast embryo [ˋembriəu]胚，胚胎，胎儿 hemocytoblast  [ˏhiːməˋsaitəblæst]: blast cell成血细胞,淋巴样细胞 -carcinoma malignant [məˋliɡnənt] tumor developing from connective tissue结缔组织的恶性肿瘤 adenocarcinoma [ˏædinəuˏkɑːsiˋnəumə]: malignant tumor developing from glandular [ˋɡlændjulə]（腺的，腺性的） tissue 腺癌 -cele protrusion; distention突出；膨胀，延伸 esophagocele: abnormal distention of the esophagus [i(ː)ˋsɔfəgəs]（食道,食管） 食管突出 -centesis surgical puncture 手术穿孔 paracentesis  [ˏpærəsenˋtiːsis]: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术 -capnia carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 acapnia [əˋkæpniə]: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏 -cide kill germicide [ˋdʒəːmisaid]: (substance) which can kill germs 杀菌剂 -clast cell phagocyte  [ˋfægəusait]:cell, especially a white blood cell, which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞 -dynia pain glossodynia [ˏglɔsəuˋdiniə]: pain in the tongue 舌痛 -ectasia/ -ectasis expansion; dilation(膨胀，扩张) atelectasis  [ˏætiˋlektəsis]: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张,肺膨胀不全 -ectomy surgical excision or removal of gastrectomy [gæsˋtrektəmi]: surgical removal of the stomach胃切除术 -edema excessive accumulation of serous fluid 水肿 myxoedema [ˌmiksiˈdiːmə]: condition caused when the thyroid  [ˋθairɔid] gland （甲状腺）does not produce enough thyroid hormone（甲状腺激素） 粘液性水肿，粘液水肿 -emia blood condition leukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes | 'ljuːkəʊsaɪt] （白细胞）form in the blood 白血病 -emesis vomiting 呕吐 hematemesis [ˏheməˋtemisis]: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血 -gen something that produced or prouduces pathogen: a microorganism(微生物) [ˏmaikrəuˋɔːgənizəm] or agent capable of producing disease 病菌，病原体 -genesis production 生产 spermatogenesis [ˏspəːmətəuˋdʒenisis]: formation and development of spermatozoa [ˏspəːmətəuˋzəuə] （精子）in the testes精子发生 -globin protein蛋白质 hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes（红细胞） 血红素 -gnosis knowledge diagnosis[ˏdaiəgˋnəusis]: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination 诊断 -gram image; picture electrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease. abbr. ecg and ekg. syn. cardiogram 心电图 -graph(y) process of recording 记录过程 electocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocardiograms. syn. cardiography 心电图记录 -iasis condition; state 情况，状况 cholelithiasis [ˏkɔliliˋθaiəsis]: the formation of gallstones（胆石） 胆石病 -iatry/ -iatrics healing, frequently refers to a branch of medicine 康复，常指医学的一个分支 podiatry[pəuˋdaiətri]: treatment of foot disorders 手足医术 -lith stone cholelith[ˋkɔliliθ]: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 胆石 -logy the study of cytology: [saiˋtɔlədʒi] the science study of cells 细胞学 -logist one who studies and treats urologist : [ˏjuərəuˋlɔdʒist] a physician who specializes in the practice of urology [juəˋrɔlədʒi]（泌尿学） 泌尿科医生 -lysis breakdown, destruction hemolysis[hiˋmɔlisis]: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin（血红素） 溶血，溶血作用 -malacia softening osteomalacia[ˏɔstiəuməˋleiʃiə]: softening of bone 骨软化,骨软化病症 -mania extreme compulsion or preoccupation强迫症 kleptomania[ˏkleptəˋmeiniə]: a morbid [ˋmɔːbid]（病的，不健康的）, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 偷窃狂 -megaly giant acromegaly[ˏækrəuˋmegəli]: a condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大症 -metry/ -meter measurement spirometry[ˏspaiərəˋmetri]: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs肺量测定法,呼吸量测定法 -odynia pain cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛 -one hormone[ˋhɔːməun]荷尔蒙，激素 parathormone [ˏpærəˋθɔːməun]: which regulates calcium balance among the blood, bones, and teeth 甲状旁腺激素 -opia a defect in the eye眼睛的毛病 myopia[maiˋəupiə]: being short-sighted 近视 -opsy to view biopsy [ˋbaiɔpsi]: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis 活组织检查 -osis morbid condition病态的 sclerosis[skliəˋrəusis]: abnormal hardening 硬化症 -osmia smell anosmia[æˋnɔzmiə]: loss of the sense of smell嗅觉丧失 -ostomy process of making an opening into or a connection between 造瘘 gastrostomy[gæsˋtrɔstəmi]: surgical construction of an opening from the surface of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口术 -oxia level of oxygen氧水平 hypoxia [haiˋpɔksiə]: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues低氧,缺氧 -pathy disease; diseased condition ophthalmopathy  [ˏɔfθælˋmɔpəθi]: any eye disease眼病 -penia deficiency leukopenia [ˌlju:kəˈpi:niə]: deficiency of leukocytes [ˈlju:kəsait] (白细胞)in the blood. syn.（同物异名） leukocytopenia [ˌlju:kəˌsaitəˈpi:niə] 白细胞减少症 -pepsia digestion 消化 eupepsia[juˋpepsiə]: good digestion 消化良好 --pexy a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing|'suːtʃə(r)] 缝合固定 hepatopexy [ˋhepətəˏpeksi]: surgical fixation of a displace liver肝固定术 -phagia/phagy eating; swallowing 吃，吞咽 dysphagia [disˋfeidʒiə]: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困难 -phil attraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物 basophil [ˋbeisəufil]: type of leucocyte  [ˋljuːkəsait]（白细胞） or white blood cell which contains granules （小粒，颗粒） [ 'grænjuːl]嗜碱细胞，嗜碱的 -phobia fear xenophobia [ˏzenəˋfəubiə]: irrational （不合理的）fear of strangers 生客恐怖 -plasia formation; development hyperplasia[ˏhaipəˋpleiziə]: overdevelopment or enlargement of an organ or tissue增生，过度增生 -phonia voice dysphonia [disˋfəuniə]: difficulty in speaking发声困难，发音障碍 -plasm formation; growth or substance of formation cytoplasm[ˋsaitəˏplæzm]: jelly substance in the cell细胞浆，细胞质 -plasty surgical repair osteoplasty [ˋɔstiəˏplæsti]: surgical repair of the bone骨整形术，骨成形术 --plegia stroke; paralysis 中风，麻痹 thermoplegia [ˏθəːməuˋpliːdʒiə]: heat or sunsrtoke热射病，中暑 -pnea breathing eupnea [juːpˋniːə]: normal breathing呼吸正常，平静呼吸 --ptosis a falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ器官下移 hepatoptosis [hepətəpˈtəusis]: abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂 -ptysis spitting吐痰，吐口水 melanoptysis [ˏmeləˋnɔptisis]: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰 -poiesis production hemopoiesis  [ˏhiːməupɔiˋiːsis]: production of blood cells造血; 红细胞生成作用 -rrhage/ -rrhagia bursting forth of blood 出血 menorrhagia [ˏmenəˋreidʒiə]: very heavy bleeding during menstruation （月经）[ˏmenstruˋeiʃən] 月经过多 -rrhaphy surgical sewing缝合or suturing splenorrhaphy  [spliˋnɔrəfi]: suture of the spleen脾缝合术 -rrhea overflow 溢出 hydrorrhea [ˏhaidrəuˋriːə]: watery discharge液溢 -(o)rrhexis splitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝气 amniorrhexis [ˏæmniəuˋreksis]: rupture of the amniotic ac 羊膜破裂 -sarcoma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue liposarcoma [ˏlipəusɑːˋkəumə]: malignant tumor containing fat 脂肪肉瘤，脂肉瘤 -schesis a holding back; suppression（抑制） of discharge阻碍；抑制排放 uroschesis [juəˋrɔskəsis]: suppression of urine闭尿，尿潴留 -sclerosis a hardening dermatosclerosis [ˏdəːmətəuskliəˋrəusis]: hardening of the skin硬皮病 -scope instrument for viewing stethoscope [ˈsteθəˌskəʊp]: an instrument for performing medicate auscultation [ˏɔːskəlˋteiʃn]（听诊） 听诊器 -scopy process of examining visually hepatoscopy  [ˏhepəˋtɔskəpi]: examination of the liver 肝检查 -spasm involuntary contraction 不自主收缩 angiospasm  [ˋændʒiəuspæzm]: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vessel血管痉挛 -stasis suppression; stoppage; control; arrest抑制，中止 hemostasis  [hiˋməustəsis]: the arrest of bleeding 止血，止血法 -stenosis abnormal narrowing of a duct or canal管、道的异常狭窄 laryngostenosis  [ləˏriŋgəustiˋnəusis] 喉狭窄 : abnormal narrowing of the larynx (喉头，喉) [ˋlæriŋks] 喉狭窄 -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body造口 colostomy [kəˋlɔstəmi]: surgical operation to make an opening from the colon（结肠） [ˋkəulən] 结肠造口术 -tention pressure hypertention: high blood pressure 高血压 -therapy treatment physiotherapy [ˏfiziəuˋθerəpi] : treatment of disease by physic