闸北区2016高三英语二模试卷及

闸北区2016高三英语二模试卷及闸北区2016高三英语二模试卷及闸北区2016高三英语二模试卷及闸北区2016高三英语二模试卷及答案闸北区2016年二模英语质量抽查试卷GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Readthefollowingtwopassages.Fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherent.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword.Fortheotherblanks,fillineachblankwithoneproperword.Makesurethatyouranswersaregrammaticallycorrect.(A)Haveyounoticedthatyourfriendsarelikeyourmother’sfriends?Studyhasfoundthatthemanner(25)____________amotherinteractswithherfriendsmakesarolemodelforanadolescentchildwhenbuilding(26)______his/herownpeerfriendships.Unfortunately,teensoftenpickuponthenegativeelementsinarelationship,suchasconflictandopposition,andthencopytheseattitudesintotheirownrelationships。Thenewstudyinvestigatedapreviouslyunderstudiedassociation—howaparent’sfriendshipsinfluencetheemotionalwell-beingoftheiradolescentchildren.Forthestudy,researchersstudiedthedevelopmentoffriendshipsand(27)______peerrelationshipsduringadolescenceandtheirimpactonpsychologicaladjustment.Theyfoundthatadolescents(28)______imitatethenegativecharacteristicsoftheirmothers’relationshipsintheirownpeer-to-peerfriendships.Thefindingshowsthatmothers(29)______(serve)asrolemodelsfortheiradolescentsduringformativeyears.Additionalfindingssuggestthatadolescentsinternalizetheirreactionstotheirmothers’conflictwithadultfriendsand(30)______theyhavelearnedmightleadthemtoanxietyanddepression.Actually,conflictisanormalpartofanyrelationship—beitarelationshipbetweenaparentandachild,oramotherandherfriends.But(31)______(expose)tohighlevelsofsuchconflictgenerallyisn’goingttobegoodforchildren.Parentsshouldconsiderwhethertheyaregoodrolemodelsfortheirchildren.Parentsshouldbehavewellespeciallywheretheirfriendsareconcerned.(32)______thingsgowrong,parentsshouldtalkwiththeirchildrenabouthowtoactwiththeirfriends,butmorespecifically,hownottoact.(B)Today,womenarebeatingmenineducationandintheworkplace,creatinganewgenerationofstay-at-homefathers.It(33)______(predict)thatrelationshipsandtraditionalhouseholdstructureswillbetransformedaswomenareearningmorethantheirmalepartners.Successfulwomenwillhaveto‘marrydownbychoosingpartners(34)______(qualified)andtheymayincreasinglyselectmenbasedon’people’suniversity.howsupportivetheymightbetotheirwives’careers,ratherthan(35)_____theycanbethebreadwinnerforthefamily.EducatorMrWillettssaidtherewasclearevidencefromschoolsthatboysare‘laggingbehind’and,(36)______(overtake),tosomesurprise,byfemalestudentsatHesaid:‘Iamnotagainstwomenhavingthoseadvantagesbutthereisnowaratherstrikingdistance.Ifyoulookatthestatistics,approximately50percentofwomen(37)______(graduate)fromuniversitybythetimethey’re30comparedwithonly40percentofmen.Itlooks(38)____________womenhavebeatenmenacademically.’ManyeducatedBritishwomenthinkthatfindingafinanciallycapablehusbandissodifficultthatmanyofthemevengiveuphaving(39)______try.Andtheyaretaughtallalong(40)______(rely)onthemselvesforeverything.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.justB.gapC.irrelevantD.companyE.evidentH.identifyI.F.victimG.typicaladdressJ.alternativeK.owedMostmenandwomenfeelthatadinnerbillshouldbesplitdownthemiddle,buthowfairisthisreally?Anewappaimstoanswerthisquestion,andforotherswhofall___41___toincomeinequality,bydividingthecheckupaccordingtoeachperson'sraceandgender.EquipayusesBureauofLaborStatisticsandmathtocalculatehowmuchis___42___fromeachpersonandifthedinerprotests,itwillgiveyoustatisticsaboutthewage___43___.'Equipayhelpsyouavoidthefirmdiscriminationthatexistsinoursociety.Itdoesn'tworkoutanequalsplitofthebillbuta___44___one.'thecompany'ssitesays.'Youpaywhatyoushouldtobalanceoutthewagediversity.'TheappisthebrainchildofLunaMalbroux,adiversityeducator,whowantedto'makethetouchysubject'ofracialandgenderinequalitiesmore___45___.Theproblemisexpectedtocatchpeople’seyeeasily.'Ihopethatthis,morethananything,startsadiscussionandhelpspeopletostartthinkingalittlebitdifferentlyabouthowwecanusetechnologyandinnovationto___46___genderdiscriminationandwageinequality,'Malbrouxsaid.Theapphasabuiltin'diversitytool'thatallowsyouto___47___howdiverseyourfriendsreallyareandtheappalsodisplaysthelevelofincomeforeachperson.Typeintheamountoftheentirebillatthetop,tipincluded,andthesoftwarewillbegincalculatingthesplitbasedonwhoyour___48___is.Finallyitwillshowyouthelistagain,butnowwithhowmucheachpersonhastopay.Beforepayingyourshare,thereisthe___49_____toprotest,inwhichtheappwillask'what'syourexcuse'andlistsreasonsforyoutochoosefrom.Youcansay'Iwasamiddlechild'or'I'munawareofmyprivilege'.Equipaywillfindthebestreplypossible,whetheritisfactsregardingincomedifferencesorsomethingseemingly___50___butalsomakesyouthinktwicebeforekeepdisagreeingwithwhatyouhavetopay.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Adrivinggoalformostwebsitesisforthatsitetobeeasilyfoundbypeoplelookingfortheproductsorservices.Oneofthewayspeoplemayfindthesesitesisviaasearchengine.Withthisinmind,companiesobviouslywanttheirwebsitesto___51___searchenginesaswell.Firstofall,websitecontentshouldbeuniqueandtimely.Onlyqualitycontentensuresthatcustomerswill___52___yourwebsiteandalsorecommendittofriendsvialinksorthroughsocialchannels.Thisactofsharingnotonlygivesyoursitemorechancesofpublic___53___butitalsohelpstopushupyoursearchenginerankings,whichextendshugepsychologicalimplicationtootherengineusersaspeopletendto___54___NowfamoussearchenginessuchasGoogleusemobilefriendlinessasarankingsignalintheirrankingalgorithm(算法).Therefore,ifyoursiteisnot___55___formobiledevices,youareofferingalessthanidealexperiencetosomeusersandinresultsearchengineswilltakethe___56___intoaccount.AnotherkeyrankingsignalthatGoogleandothersearchengines___57___heavilyispagespeedandoverallsiteperformance.Ifyoursiteisloadedwithtoomanyhigh-resolutionimagesandvideosorotherelements,muchviewingtimewillbecaused.Thesewillmakesluggish,slowloadingthatfrustrateandoftendriveawayvisitors.It’stimeto___58___thepagesizeasallthevisitorsappreciatefasterdownload.Someareevenwillingto___59___bettervisualexperiencesforhighviewingspeed.Asuserpreferencestandsontopofanysearchengine’slistofpriority,searchengineswilllookvery___60___uponthespeedimprovementsofthewebsites.Inaddition,forahotwebsite,appropriateupdatefrequencyisalsovital.Althoughthecontentiscurrentanduptodatewhenitisfirstlaunched,itwillsoonloseits___61___withtheexplosionofothervariousonlineresources.Ifthecontentonyourwebsiteshasappearedonothersitesbefore,yourwebsiteissoonerorlatertobedesertedbecauseofhumans’natureofhavingalow___62___threshold(门槛).Inturn,yourwebsite’ssearch___63___willdropdrastically.Finally,don’tlookdownoncustomerexperience.Toooftenpeopleignorethebenefitsofcreatingaviewingexperiencethatisenjoyable.Whenassessingyourwebsite’userfriendliness,understandthat___64___ofusecomesfirst,butdonotdiscountthebenefitsofaddingabitof___65___intothatexperienceaswell.51.A.appealtoB.agreewithC.remindofD.connectwithadjust52.A.establishB.frequentC.D.evaluateA.specializationB.53.commentC.exposureD.strengthening54.A.calmdownB.makeprogressC.watchoutD.followsuitA.applicableB.55.superiorC.temperateD.realisticA.emergencyB.56.disadvantageC.guidanceD.obligation57.A.weighB.reserveC.representD.reviseB.reduceC.58.A.decorateacknowledgeD.undertakeB.eliminateC.59,A.enjoytradeD.prepareB.60.A.favourablyintelligentlyC.necessarilyD.fortunatelyA.senseB.wisdomC.61.freshnessD.featureB.accessC.value62.A.identityD.boredomA.visionB.rankingC.63.decisionD.settlement64.A.easeB.directionC.opportunity65.delightD.recoveryA.humourD.sympathyB.satisfactionC.SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Itseemstomethatallwriters,includingthosebrilliantones,needencouragementparticularlyintheirearlyyears.IalwaysknewIcouldwrite,butthatjustmeantIwrotealittlebetterthanmypeers.IhopethatImightonedaywritewellenoughtoderiveincomefrommyefforts.Oddlyenough,thisneveroccurredtomeuntilImetaspecialteacherinlife.TherewasakindteacheratHydeParkHighSchoolinChicago,whosimplybyconcentratingherattentiononme,mademebelievethatImightbeabletomastertheknackofwritingwellenoughtoconsiderthecraftasaprofession.MissMargueriteBymetaughtEnglish,whichofcourse,involvedwritingskills.Whateverinstructionshesharedwithmewasexactlythesameasallherotherstudentsenjoyed,buttheonlydifferencewassheencouragedmetobegintheprocessofsubmittingthingsIwaswriting,inthosedays,chieflypoems.TomysurprisetheChicagoTribunenotonlythoughtenoughofseveralofmyversestopublishthem,butalsopaidme-inadvertently-thehighestcomplimentafledglingauthorcanreceive.TheeditorwroteaconfidentiallettertoMissByme,askinghertosee,ifbyanychance,oneofherstudents-acertainStephenAllen-mightbeguiltyofcopying.Theeditor’ssuspicionshadbeenarousedbecause,hewaskindenoughtosay,hefoundithardtobelievethataseventeen-year–oldcouldcreatematerialonsuchaprofessionallevel.WhenMissBymesharedtheletterwithme,Iwasoverjoyed!Itwaswonderfullyheartening.MissBymemademerealizethatIshouldnothidemylight.Thismademecollectmycouragetoenterawritingcontest.Theassignmentwastowriteanessaytitled“rediscoveringAmerica.”IwasliterallyastonishedwhenIreceivedalettersayingthatIwasthewinnerofthecontest.Theprizewasathousanddollars.Mymother,atthetime,wasnotevenawarethatIwasinterestedinwriting,orifshehadsomehowfoundoutaboutit,shetooklittlenotice.WhenIarrivedhomethateveningwiththeletter,shewasindifferentanddidnotaskhowtheeveninghadgone.Withoutencouragement,eventalentedstudentswillcontinuetoperformbelowexpectations.Forexample,atthesamehighschool,therewasateacherwhoseSpanishlanguageclassesIattendedbutfromwhomI,unfortunatelylearnedverylittlesimplybecauseofthewoman’scoldsarcasticallycriticalattitude.Sheseemedtoknownothingaboutnurturingstudents.Soon,Iwithdrewfromherclassroomliteracyinstruction.Yearslater,IwasabletorepaymydebttoMargueriteBymebydedicatingoneofmybooks,WryontheRocks-AcollectionofPoems,toher.Ihaveenjoyedalifetimewritingbooksandtelevisionscriptsbecauseofherurge.MissBymetreatedmedifferentlyfromotherstudentsinthat______.sheencouragedtheauthortotrytoearnmoneyfromwritingshegavetheauthorprivateinstructionsonwritingskillssheadvisedtheauthortocontributehiswritingworksshetaughttheauthortheknackofwritingasaprofessionTheeditorwrotealettertoMissBymebecause______.heregrettedoverpayingtheauthorhehaddoubtsabouttheauthor’swritingabilitieshewantedtoinformheroftheauthor’stalenthewantedtobefriendafuturestarwriter68.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Theauthorhadsetthegoalofwritingprofessionallysincechildhood.B.Theshareoftheeditor’slettermadetheauthorashamedofhisbehavior.C.TheauthorwonthewritingcontestwhichmadehismotherproudofhimD.TheauthorquittedSpanishcoursebecauseoftheteacher’snegativeattitude.Theauthoriswritingthepassagemainlytotellreadersthat______.A.writingskillsshouldbecultivatedsincehighschoolyearsB.it’seasyforawriterlikehimtomakealivingbywritingC.parentsshouldtakekid’sinterestsandtalentsseriouslyD.developmentofskillsandabilitiesrequireadequateencouragement(B)Careforazoom-inobservationofanimalswithnobarsbetweenyouandtheobservedopposedtoordinaryzoos?Wheretohaveclose-upencounterswithsomeoftheworld’mostrareanimals.?Wearerevealingforyou:1.Rightwhales,BayofFundy,CanadaNorthernrightwhalesareonthebrinkofextinction,butsurvivorsarriveintheBayofFundyeachsummer(MaythroughOctober)tofeedeastofGrandMananIsland.Theyarerecognizedbyabroadbackandnodorsalfin,whichdistinguishthemfromotherwhalesenteringthebay.Planning:Whale-watchingtoursoperateoutofDigbyNeckpeninsulaonNovaScotiaandnearbyAndrews,islands,suchGrandMananasBrierIsland,Island,andSt.DeerIsland.2.Grizzlybears,AlaskaGrizzlieslikesalmon.Inmid-Julyandagaininmid-August,grizzliesmakeforAlaskanriverstohookoutthefishwiththeirformidableclaws.Thebearsgatherinlargenumbersatrapidsandpools,sometimesfightingforthebestsites.BrooksFallsinKatmaiNationalPark,andFishCreek,nearHyder,haveviewingplatforms.Planning:Mostfishingsitesareaccessedbycharteredlightaircraftandahike.HyderisofftheStewart-CassiarHighway.3.Monarchbutterflies,SierraChincua,MexicoEachfall,millionsofNorthAmericanmonarchbutterfliesmigratethousandsofmilestotheoyamelfirforestsoftheTransvolcanicMountainRange,inthestateofMichoacán.Theyflockintimatelyontreetrunks,bushes,andontheground,fullyshowingtheirgregariousnatureandoccupySierraChincuaandfourneighboringhillsthatmakeuptheMonarchButterflyBiosphereReserve.Planning:ChincuareserveopentoistheoneofpublictwofromhillsintheNovemberthroughMarch.4.Komododragons,KomodoIsland,IndonesiaLandingonKomodo,youwouldfeellikesteppingbacktoatimewhendinosaursruledtheEarth,asparkmapsreported,“Herebedragons!”Thismountainousvolcanicislandishometotheworld’largestlivinglizard—theKomododragon.Weighing79to91kg,theKomododragonhasatailaslongasitsbody.YoucanhiketoaviewpointatBanugulungandwatchasparkrangersfeedfoodtothelizards,someofwhicharemorethan10ft(3m)long.Planning:KomodoisreachedsolelybyboatfromBima(oneasternSumbawa)orLabuanBajo(onwesternFlores).5.Wildebeestmigration,Serengeti,TanzaniaUndoubtedlytheworld’smostspectacularwildlifesightistheannualwildebeestmigration,when1.4millionwildebeestand200,000zebrasandgazellesareonthemoveacrosstheSerengetiplains.Theanimalsaretrekkingtochasethecleanwaterandfreshgrass.Alongtheway,lionsandhyenasstalkthem,andcrocodileslieinwait.Planning:TheherdsmigrateacrossTanzaniafromDecemberthroughJuly,andthenpassthroughtheMasaiMarainKenyainAugustandSeptember.Inwhichplacecanavarietyoftypesofanimalsbeviewed?A.Alaska.B.SierraChincuaC.KomodoIslandD.Serengeti71.Theunderlinedwordgregariousisclosestinmeaningto______.B.A.beingabletoclimb.preferringgrouplivingC.migratinginhugenumbersD.moderateintemperWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Rightwhalesaredistinguishedfromotherwhalesbyuniqueappearancefeatures.Viewingspotsforgrizzlybearscanbereachedthroughairandonfoot.Komododragonsaresimilartodinosaursinlivingperiod.Wildebeestherdstraveltopursuefavourablefoodconditions.Thetargetreadersofthepassageareprobably______.adventurousvisitorslongingforcloserlookatanimalsmountainhikerswhoseekuniquehikingtrailsexperiencedhunterswhoareaimedatrareanimalsaveragezoovisitorslookingforanimalcontactatsafedistance(C)Genetictestingofferspeopleinsightintothetypesofdiseasestheyaremostlikelytodevelop—butanewstudysuggestsmostpeopledonotaltertheirlifestylesbasedonthisinformation.Thesetests—knownasgenomesequencing—analyzeaperson'sDNA,tellingpatientsabouttheirknownriskfordiseaseslikecancerordiabetes.Butbeingtoldyou’reatahigherriskforlungcancerdoesn’tseemtomotivateanyonetoquitsmokingoralcohol,thisstudysuggests.Becauseofthis,thescholarsarguethatgenetictestingshouldbebannedasatoolforimprovingpeople'shealth.Today’sfindingcamefrompullingdatafrom18otherstudiesthatfollowedpeopleaftertheyreceivedtheresultsofgenetictests.Receivinginformationaboutgeneticrisksdidn’inspiretpeopletoeatdifferently,exercisemore,orstopsmoking,"Expectationshavebeenhighthatgivingpeopleinformationabouttheirgeneticriskwillempowerthemtochangetheirbehavior,butwehavefoundnoevidencethatthisisthecase,"studyauthorTheresaMarteau,directorofbehaviorandhealthresearchsaidinapressrelease.Genetictesting,whichtheNationalInstitutesofHealthsayscostsanywherefrom$100to$2,000,hasbecomemuchmoreaccessibleascommercialtestingcompaniessuchas23andMeandSureGenomicshavesprungup.ThesecompaniesarenotallowedtosharediseaseriskestimateswithconsumersthankstotheFoodandDrugAdministration.However,today’s’tspecifywhetherwerepurelyfromacademicsequencing,orifanyofthesecompanieshadhadaroleinsupplyingthedata.Genetictestingdoesnet’peopletgtochangetheirbehaviorforthebetter,butitdoesn'thaveanyknownnegativeeffectseither.Knowingtheresultsofthesetestsdidn'tchangepeople'sdepressionoranxietylevels.Andthere'snoindicationthattestinginspirespeopletopickupriskyordangeroushealthhabitseither,thestudyfound.Actuallyageneticpredispositiontoacertaindiseaseiscommonamongpeople.Somepeoplearebornweakinheart.Someareinnatelyvulnerableindigestivesystem.Butthesemostcommonriskfactorsusuallydon'traiseaperson'schancesofgettingthediseasebyasignificantamount.It'spossiblethatsomeofthepatientsinthestudyhadsubstantiallyhighdiseaserisksbasedontheirDNAprofile,butthosepatientstendtoberatherrare."It’stilllikelythatcommunicatingthistypeofinformationisveryvaluabletosomepeople,butit’justthattherearen’thatmanyofthosepeople,"Zikmund-FisherfromtheUniversityofMichigansaid."Theideathatprovidinggeneticriskinformationisgoingtobetransformativetoeveryoneseemsunlikely."74.Whydidsomeexpertssuggeststoppinggenetictesting?Genomesequencingaren’taccurateindetectingcertaindiseaserisks.Genetictestingresultsfailtoencouragepeopletoremovebadhabits.Genetictestingdoesneithergoodnorharmtopeople’sbehaviorialimprovement.Genetictestingresultsareofferedbycommercialtestingcompanies.Theunderlinedwordpredispositiontointhepassageisclosestinmeaningto_____.A.testingonB.predictionaboutC.sensitivitytoD.insightintofollowingstatementsisTRUE76.Whichoftheaccordingtothepassage?testingA.TheresaMarteaubelievesgenetichelpstochangepeople’sbehaviors.todeliverB.SureGenomicsisforbiddenillnessriskexpectationstopatients.comingC.Genetictestingresultsaretotallyfromacademicsequencing.D.Genetictestingresultsinawayworsenthepatients’moodsandemotions.thatpeople’s77.It’ssaidunconcernedresponsetogenetictestingdoesn’tcausemuchharmbecause______.doesn’tdoA.gettingridofbadlifehabitsmuchgoodtopeople’shealthB.almostallpeoplehavecertaindiseaserisksbasedongenetictestingC.providinggeneticriskinformationinterfereswiththemedicaltreatmentD.genetictestingshowsfewpeopleareatahighriskofgettingcertaindiseasesSectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.WhenCalifornialawmakersvotedthismonthtoraisethelegalagetobuycigarettesfrom18to21,theyjoinedHawaiiandotherareasinseekingawayinagechangetopreventvulnerableteenagersfromgettinghooked.Andnowotheravenuesofunlawfulteencigarettesobtainingarealsodryingup:vendingmachinesarevanishing,andonlinesalestominorsaredecreasing.TherespectedInstituteofMedicineprojectedthatifthelegalagewereraisedto21,bythetimetoday’teenagersbecameadultssmokingprevalencewouldbecutby12%.Thegreatestimpact,theIOMfound,wouldlikelybeamongteens15to17.Giventhecurrentfruitsthecampaignagainstteen-smokinghasyielded,campaignersstillhavemorereasonstotrytocutfurtheryearsintoyouthsmoking,thoughinvainfornow.Adolescentsaremorepronetoaddictionthanadultsbecausepartsofthebrainmostresponsiblefordecision-making,impulsecontrolandsusceptibilitytopeerpressurearestilldeveloping.Asforthehealtheffects,theriseforsmoking-relatedillnessthoughinpartwiththenumberofcigarettessmokedperday,ismainlyassociatedwiththenumberofyearsapersonsmokes.Themostpersistentargumentagainstraisingtheageisthatat18,peoplehavetherighttomarry,tovoteandtoserveinthemilitary,whichmeanstheageisnormallyconsideredthethresholdformaturity.Therefore,theyareabletodecidefortheirownwhethertosmoke.Butsocietydoesset21astheageforanotherdangerousactivity,drinkingalcohol—achangethathaspreventedabout900drunkendrivingdeathsperyear.Smokingisthepublic'sbusiness,too.InFinland,dailysmokingdroppedsignificantlyamong14-to16-year-oldsafterthelegalagewasraisedfrom16to18andenforcementwasbolstered.There'snocomparableresearchintheUnitedStates,whichispreciselythepoint.Giventhetobaccoindustry'ssuccessingettingyoungpeoplehooked,teenagersdeservetofindoutwhethertheU.S.hasbeenmissingapowerfultooltosavetheirlives